萋萋

Chinese

		luxuriant	luxuriant
trad. (萋萋)		萋	萋
simp. #(萋萋)		萋	萋

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): qīqī

  (Zhuyin): ㄑㄧ ㄑㄧ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): cai¹ cai¹

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: qīqī
    • Zhuyin: ㄑㄧ ㄑㄧ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: cici
    • Wade–Giles: chʻi¹-chʻi¹
    • Yale: chī-chī
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: chichi
    • Palladius: цици (cici)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵ t͡ɕʰi⁵⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: cai¹ cai¹
    • Yale: chāi chāi
    • Cantonese Pinyin: tsai¹ tsai¹
    • Guangdong Romanization: cei¹ cei¹
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sʰɐi̯⁵⁵ t͡sʰɐi̯⁵⁵/

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• Middle Chinese: tshej tshej

Rime
Character	萋
Reading #	1/1
Initial (聲)	清 (14)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open
Division (等)	IV
Fanqie	七稽切
Baxter	tshej
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/t͡sʰei/
Pan Wuyun	/t͡sʰei/
Shao Rongfen	/t͡sʰɛi/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/t͡sʰɛj/
Li Rong	/t͡sʰei/
Wang Li	/t͡sʰiei/
Bernhard Karlgren	/t͡sʰiei/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	qī
Expected Cantonese Reflex	cai1

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[tsʰ]ˤəj  [tsʰ]ˤəj/

  (Zhengzhang): /*sʰiːl  sʰiːl/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	萋
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	qī
Middle Chinese	‹ tshej ›
Old Chinese	/*[tsʰ]ˁəj/
English	ample, rich, luxuriant
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	萋
Reading #	1/1
No.	9914
Phonetic component	妻
Rime group	脂
Rime subdivision	1
Corresponding MC rime	妻
Old Chinese	/*sʰiːl/

Adjective

萋萋

1. (literary, ideophonic) lush; luxuriant
2. (literary, ideophonic, of clouds) pervading; forming dense masses
3. (literary, ideophonic) gorgeous; ornate
4. (literary, ideophonic) withered; wilted

Synonyms

• (lush):

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• 幽鬱 / 幽郁 (yōuyù) (archaic)
• 繁茂 (fánmào)
• 肥美 (féiměi)
• 芊綿 / 芊绵 (qiānmián) (literary, of vegetation)
• 茂 (literary, or in compounds)
• 茂盛 (màoshèng)
• 菶菶 (běngběng) (literary)
• 葳蕤 (wēiruí) (literary)
• 豐茂 / 丰茂 (fēngmào)
• 趒 (Hokkien)
• 軫軫 / 轸轸 (zhěnzhěn) (literary)