窀穸

Chinese

		grave	the gloom of the grave; a tomb or grave; death
trad. (窀穸)		窀	穸
simp. #(窀穸)		窀	穸
alternative forms		窀夕

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): zhūnxī, zhūnxì

  (Zhuyin): ㄓㄨㄣ ㄒㄧ, ㄓㄨㄣ ㄒㄧˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): zeon¹ zik⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhūnxī
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄣ ㄒㄧ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhunsi
    • Wade–Giles: chun¹-hsi¹
    • Yale: jwūn-syī
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juenshi
    • Palladius: чжуньси (čžunʹsi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ən⁵⁵ ɕi⁵⁵/
      
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: zhūnxì
    • Zhuyin: ㄓㄨㄣ ㄒㄧˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: jhunsì
    • Wade–Giles: chun¹-hsi⁴
    • Yale: jwūn-syì
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: juenshih
    • Palladius: чжуньси (čžunʹsi)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /ʈ͡ʂu̯ən⁵⁵ ɕi⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: zeon¹ zik⁶
    • Yale: jēun jihk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: dzoen¹ dzik⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: zên¹ jig⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /t͡sɵn⁵⁵ t͡sɪk̚²/

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• Middle Chinese: trwin zjek

Rime
Character	窀	穸
Reading #	1/3	1/1
Initial (聲)	知 (9)	邪 (17)
Final (韻)	諄 (47)	昔 (123)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	陟綸切	祥易切
Baxter	trwin	zjek
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/ʈiuɪn/	/ziᴇk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/ʈʷin/	/ziɛk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/ȶjuen/	/ziæk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/ʈwin/	/ziajk̚/
Li Rong	/ȶiuĕn/	/ziɛk̚/
Wang Li	/ȶĭuĕn/	/zĭɛk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/ȶi̯uĕn/	/zi̯ɛk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	zhūn	xí
Expected Cantonese Reflex	zeon1	zik6

Noun

窀穸

1. (archaeology, literary) coffin pit; grave

   • 死者悲於窀穸，生者戚於朝野。 [Literary Chinese, trad.]
     死者悲于窀穸，生者戚于朝野。 [Literary Chinese, simp.]

     From: The Book of the Later Han, circa 5^th century CE

     Sǐzhě bēi yú zhūnxī, shēngzhě qī yú cháoyě. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

   • 將軍已去，悵大樹之飄零；名士高談，謀先人之窀穸。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, trad.]
     将军已去，怅大树之飘零；名士高谈，谋先人之窀穸。 [Written Vernacular Chinese, simp.]

     From: Wu Jingzi, The Scholars, 1750 CE

     Jiāngjūn yǐ qù, chàng dàshù zhī piāolíng; míngshì gāotán, móu xiānrén zhī zhūnxī. [Pinyin]

     (please add an English translation of this usage example)

Synonyms

edit

• 墓壙／墓圹 (mùkuàng) (literary, or Hokkien)
• 墓壙空／墓圹空 (Xiamen Hokkien, Zhangzhou Hokkien)
• 墓穴 (mùxué)
• 墓窟 (Hokkien)
• 壙穴／圹穴 (kuàngxué) (literary)
• 室 (shì) (literary, or in compounds)
• 泉壤 (quánrǎng) (literary)
• 玄宅 (xuánzhái) (literary)

 

Verb

窀穸

1. (archaic) to bury; to inter

References

• “Entry #119490”, in 重編國語辭典修訂本 [Revised Mandarin Chinese Dictionary] (in Chinese), National Academy for Educational Research (Taiwan), 2021.