禮樂

Chinese

		gift; propriety; rite	music; happy; laugh music; happy; laugh; cheerful
trad. (禮樂)		禮	樂
simp. (礼乐)		礼	乐

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): lǐyuè

  (Zhuyin): ㄌㄧˇ ㄩㄝˋ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): lai⁵ ngok⁶

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: lǐyuè
    • Zhuyin: ㄌㄧˇ ㄩㄝˋ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: lǐyuè
    • Wade–Giles: li³-yüeh⁴
    • Yale: lǐ-ywè
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: liiyueh
    • Palladius: лиюэ (lijue)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /li²¹⁴⁻²¹ ɥɛ⁵¹/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: lai⁵ ngok⁶
    • Yale: láih ngohk
    • Cantonese Pinyin: lai⁵ ngok⁹
    • Guangdong Romanization: lei⁵ ngog⁶
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /lɐi̯¹³ ŋɔːk̚²/

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• Middle Chinese: lejX ngaewk

Rime
Character	禮	樂
Reading #	1/1	2/3
Initial (聲)	來 (37)	疑 (31)
Final (韻)	齊 (39)	覺 (10)
Tone (調)	Rising (X)	Checked (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Open	Open
Division (等)	IV	II
Fanqie	盧啓切	五角切
Baxter	lejX	ngaewk
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/leiX/	/ŋˠʌk̚/
Pan Wuyun	/leiX/	/ŋᵚɔk̚/
Shao Rongfen	/lɛiX/	/ŋɔk̚/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/lɛjX/	/ŋaɨwk̚/
Li Rong	/leiX/	/ŋɔk̚/
Wang Li	/lieiX/	/ŋɔk̚/
Bernhard Karlgren	/lieiX/	/ŋɔk̚/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	lǐ	yuè
Expected Cantonese Reflex	lai5	ngok6

• Old Chinese

  (Baxter–Sagart): /*[r]ˤijʔ  [ŋ]ˤrawk/

  (Zhengzhang): /*riːʔ  ŋraːwɢ/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	禮	樂
Reading #	1/1	4/4
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	lǐ	yuè
Middle Chinese	‹ lejX ›	‹ ngæwk ›
Old Chinese	/*[r]ˁijʔ/	/*[ŋ]ˁrawk/
English	propriety, ceremony	music
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	禮	樂
Reading #	1/1	3/3
No.	7839	7683
Phonetic component	豊	樂
Rime group	脂	藥
Rime subdivision	2	1
Corresponding MC rime	禮	嶽
Old Chinese	/*riːʔ/	/*ŋraːwɢ/

Noun

禮樂

1. (historical, Confucianism) rites and music

   禮樂時代／礼乐时代  ―  lǐyuè shídài  ―  age of rites and music (i.e. the Zhou dynasty, especially Western Zhou)

Derived terms

• 禮崩樂壞 / 礼崩乐坏 (lǐbēngyuèhuài)