悩ます
Appearance
Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term |
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悩 |
なや Grade: S |
kun'yomi |
Alternative spelling |
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惱ます (kyūjitai) |
Etymology
[edit]From Old Japanese. First cited in the Man'yōshū of 759.[1]
Derived as the regular classical causative conjugation of 悩む (nayamu, “to be vexed”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「悩ます」
Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
Stem forms | |||
---|---|---|---|
Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
悩ます | なやます | [nàyámáꜜsù] |
Imperative (命令形) | 悩ませ | なやませ | [nàyámáꜜsè] |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 悩まされる | なやまされる | [nàyámásáréꜜrù] |
Causative | 悩まさせる | なやまさせる | [nàyámásáséꜜrù] |
Potential | 悩ませる | なやませる | [nàyámáséꜜrù] |
Volitional | 悩まそう | なやまそー | [nàyámásóꜜò] |
Negative | 悩まさない | なやまさない | [nàyámásáꜜnàì] |
Negative perfective | 悩まさなかった | なやまさなかった | [nàyámásáꜜnàkàttà] |
Formal | 悩まします | なやまします | [nàyámáshímáꜜsù] |
Perfective | 悩ました | なやました | [nàyámáꜜshìtà] |
Conjunctive | 悩まして | なやまして | [nàyámáꜜshìtè] |
Hypothetical conditional | 悩ませば | なやませば | [nàyámáꜜsèbà] |
Verb
[edit]悩ます • (nayamasu) transitive godan (stem 悩まし (nayamashi), past 悩ました (nayamashita))
Japanese verb pair | |
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active | 悩ます, 悩める |
mediopassive | 悩む |
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "悩ます" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | |||
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Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 悩まさ | なやまさ | nayamasa |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 悩まし | なやまし | nayamashi |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 悩ます | なやます | nayamasu |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 悩ます | なやます | nayamasu |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 悩ませ | なやませ | nayamase |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 悩ませ | なやませ | nayamase |
Key constructions | |||
Passive | 悩まされる | なやまされる | nayamasareru |
Causative | 悩まさせる 悩まさす |
なやまさせる なやまさす |
nayamasaseru nayamasasu |
Potential | 悩ませる | なやませる | nayamaseru |
Volitional | 悩まそう | なやまそう | nayamasō |
Negative | 悩まさない | なやまさない | nayamasanai |
Negative continuative | 悩まさず | なやまさず | nayamasazu |
Formal | 悩まします | なやまします | nayamashimasu |
Perfective | 悩ました | なやました | nayamashita |
Conjunctive | 悩まして | なやまして | nayamashite |
Hypothetical conditional | 悩ませば | なやませば | nayamaseba |
Synonyms
[edit]- 悩ませる (nayamaseru, regular modern causative form of 悩む (nayamu), more common)
- 悩める (nayameru, alternative transitive form of 悩む (nayamu))
- 苦しめる (kurushimeru, “to make someone suffer”)
- 煩わす (wazurawasu, “to cause worry, distress, or illness”)
- 困らす (komarasu, “to make someone feel stuck, to put someone in dire straits”)
Derived terms
[edit]- 悩ませる (nayamaseru, regular modern causative form of 悩む (nayamu))
- 悩ましい (nayamashii, “afflicting, vexing, troubling, distressing”, adjective)
References
[edit]- ^ “悩”, in 日本国語大辞典 [Nihon Kokugo Daijiten][1] (in Japanese), concise edition, Tokyo: Shogakukan, 2006
- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 [Daijirin] (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
Categories:
- Japanese terms spelled with 悩 read as なや
- Japanese terms read with kun'yomi
- Japanese terms inherited from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms derived from Old Japanese
- Japanese terms with IPA pronunciation
- Japanese lemmas
- Japanese verbs
- Japanese transitive verbs
- Japanese godan verbs
- Japanese godan verbs ending with -su
- Japanese terms spelled with secondary school kanji
- Japanese terms with 1 kanji