幡然

Chinese

		banner	so; thus; like this so; thus; like this; ‑ly; correct; right
trad. (幡然)		幡	然
simp. #(幡然)		幡	然
alternative forms		翻然

Pronunciation

• Mandarin

  (Pinyin): fānrán

  (Zhuyin): ㄈㄢ ㄖㄢˊ

• Cantonese (Jyutping): faan¹ jin⁴

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• Mandarin
  • (Standard Chinese)⁺
    • Hanyu Pinyin: fānrán
    • Zhuyin: ㄈㄢ ㄖㄢˊ
    • Tongyong Pinyin: fanrán
    • Wade–Giles: fan¹-jan²
    • Yale: fān-rán
    • Gwoyeu Romatzyh: fanran
    • Palladius: фаньжань (fanʹžanʹ)
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /fän⁵⁵ ʐän³⁵/
• Cantonese
  • (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)⁺
    • Jyutping: faan¹ jin⁴
    • Yale: fāan yìhn
    • Cantonese Pinyin: faan¹ jin⁴
    • Guangdong Romanization: fan¹ yin⁴
    • Sinological IPA ^(key): /faːn⁵⁵ jiːn²¹/

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• Middle Chinese: phjon nyen

Rime
Character	幡	然
Reading #	1/1	1/1
Initial (聲)	滂 (2)	日 (38)
Final (韻)	元 (66)	仙 (77)
Tone (調)	Level (Ø)	Level (Ø)
Openness (開合)	Closed	Open
Division (等)	III	III
Fanqie	孚袁切	如延切
Baxter	phjon	nyen
Reconstructions
Zhengzhang Shangfang	/pʰʉɐn/	/ȵiᴇn/
Pan Wuyun	/pʰʷiɐn/	/ȵiɛn/
Shao Rongfen	/pʰiuɐn/	/ȵʑjæn/
Edwin Pulleyblank	/pʰuan/	/ȵian/
Li Rong	/pʰiuɐn/	/ȵiɛn/
Wang Li	/pʰĭwɐn/	/ȵʑĭɛn/
Bernhard Karlgren	/pʰi̯wɐn/	/ȵʑi̯ɛn/
Expected Mandarin Reflex	fān	rán
Expected Cantonese Reflex	faan1	jin4

• Old Chinese

  (Zhengzhang): /*pʰan  njen/

Baxter–Sagart system 1.1 (2014)
Character	然
Reading #	1/1
Modern Beijing (Pinyin)	rán
Middle Chinese	‹ nyen ›
Old Chinese	/*[n]a[n]/
English	so, thus; (adv suffix)
Notes for Old Chinese notations in the Baxter–Sagart system: * Parentheses "()" indicate uncertain presence; * Square brackets "[]" indicate uncertain identity, e.g. *[t] as coda may in fact be *-t or *-p; * Angle brackets "<>" indicate infix; * Hyphen "-" indicates morpheme boundary; * Period "." indicates syllable boundary.

Zhengzhang system (2003)
Character	幡	然
Reading #	1/1	1/1
No.	2890	10756
Phonetic component	番	肰
Rime group	元	元
Rime subdivision	1	2
Corresponding MC rime	飜	然
Old Chinese	/*pʰan/	/*njen/

Adverb

幡然

1. suddenly (describing an action that involves a change)

   幡然覺悟／幡然觉悟  ―  fānrán juéwù  ―  to become aware all of a sudden

   • 上古之世，太素之時，元氣窈冥，未有形兆，萬精合并，混而為一，莫制莫御。若斯久之，翻然自化，清濁分別，變成陰陽。 [Classical Chinese, trad.]
     上古之世，太素之时，元气窈冥，未有形兆，万精合并，混而为一，莫制莫御。若斯久之，翻然自化，清浊分别，变成阴阳。 [Classical Chinese, simp.]

     From: 2nd century CE, 《潛夫論》 (Qianfu Lun)

     Shànggǔ zhī shì, tàisù zhī shí, yuánqì yǎomíng, wèi yǒu xíng zhào, wàn jīng hébìng, hùn ér wèi yī, mò zhì mò yù. Ruò sī jiǔ zhī, fānrán zì huà, qīngzhuó fēnbié, biànchéng yīnyáng. [Pinyin]

     In the primeval age, in the time of the Great Simplicity, the elemental energy was dim and unclear, as of yet without form or manifestation. The myriad essences were assembled together, mixed into one, and nobody could create nor control it. It was like this for a long time. Suddenly, it changed on its own; the clear and the murky became distinct, and transformed into yin and yang.