同化
Appearance
Chinese
[edit]like; same; similar like; same; similar; together; alike; with |
to make into; to change into; ‑ization to make into; to change into; ‑ization; to ... ‑ize; to transform | ||
---|---|---|---|
trad. (同化) | 同 | 化 | |
simp. #(同化) | 同 | 化 |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Mandarin
- Cantonese (Jyutping): tung4 faa3
- Eastern Min (BUC): dùng-huá
- Southern Min (Hokkien, POJ): tông-hòa
- Wu (Shanghai, Wugniu): 6don-ho
- Mandarin
- (Standard Chinese)
- Hanyu Pinyin:
- Zhuyin: ㄊㄨㄥˊ ㄏㄨㄚˋ
- Tongyong Pinyin: tónghuà
- Wade–Giles: tʻung2-hua4
- Yale: túng-hwà
- Gwoyeu Romatzyh: tornghuah
- Palladius: тунхуа (tunxua)
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰʊŋ³⁵ xu̯ä⁵¹/
- Homophones:
[Show/Hide] 同化
童話 / 童话
- (Standard Chinese)
- Cantonese
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Jyutping: tung4 faa3
- Yale: tùhng fa
- Cantonese Pinyin: tung4 faa3
- Guangdong Romanization: tung4 fa3
- Sinological IPA (key): /tʰʊŋ²¹ faː³³/
- (Standard Cantonese, Guangzhou–Hong Kong)+
- Eastern Min
- (Fuzhou)
- Bàng-uâ-cê: dùng-huá
- Sinological IPA (key): /tuŋ⁵³⁻²¹ (h-)ŋuɑ²¹³/
- (Fuzhou)
- Southern Min
- Wu
Verb
[edit]同化
- (ergative) to make similar
- (phonology) to assimilate
Antonyms
[edit]- (antonym(s) of “to become/make similar”): 異化/异化 (yìhuà), 分化 (fēnhuà)
- (antonym(s) of “(phonology) to assimilate”): 異化/异化 (yìhuà)
Derived terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Japanese
[edit]Kanji in this term | |
---|---|
同 | 化 |
どう Grade: 2 |
か Grade: 3 |
on'yomi |
Etymology
[edit]同 (dō, “same”) + 化 (-ka, “-ize, -ization”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]Derived terms
[edit]Derived terms
- タンパク同化ステロイド (tanpaku dōka suteroido): anabolic steroid
- 不同化 (fudōka): nonassimilation
- 同化作用 (dōka sayō): assimilation, metabolism
- 炭酸同化作用 (tansan dōka sayō): carbon dioxide assimilation
Verb
[edit]同化する • (dōka suru) suru (stem 同化し (dōka shi), past 同化した (dōka shita))
- to assimilate
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "同化する" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Mizenkei ("imperfective") | 同化し | どうかし | dōka shi | |
Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | 同化し | どうかし | dōka shi | |
Shūshikei ("terminal") | 同化する | どうかする | dōka suru | |
Rentaikei ("attributive") | 同化する | どうかする | dōka suru | |
Kateikei ("hypothetical") | 同化すれ | どうかすれ | dōka sure | |
Meireikei ("imperative") | 同化せよ¹ 同化しろ² |
どうかせよ¹ どうかしろ² |
dōka seyo¹ dōka shiro² | |
Key constructions | ||||
Passive | 同化される | どうかされる | dōka sareru | |
Causative | 同化させる 同化さす |
どうかさせる どうかさす |
dōka saseru dōka sasu | |
Potential | 同化できる | どうかできる | dōka dekiru | |
Volitional | 同化しよう | どうかしよう | dōka shiyō | |
Negative | 同化しない | どうかしない | dōka shinai | |
Negative continuative | 同化せず | どうかせず | dōka sezu | |
Formal | 同化します | どうかします | dōka shimasu | |
Perfective | 同化した | どうかした | dōka shita | |
Conjunctive | 同化して | どうかして | dōka shite | |
Hypothetical conditional | 同化すれば | どうかすれば | dōka sureba | |
¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative |
References
[edit]- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 [NHK Japanese Pronunciation Accent Dictionary] (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
Korean
[edit]Hanja in this term | |
---|---|
同 | 化 |
Noun
[edit]- hanja form? of 동화 (“assimilation”)
Vietnamese
[edit]chữ Hán Nôm in this term | |
---|---|
同 | 化 |
Verb
[edit]同化
- chữ Hán form of đồng hóa (“to assimilate”).
Categories:
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- zh:Phonology
- Japanese terms spelled with 同 read as どう
- Japanese terms spelled with 化 read as か
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