たえる
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Japanese
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]| Alternative spellings |
|---|
| 耐える 堪える |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「耐える」
| Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
耐える | たえる | [tàéꜜrù] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 耐えろ | たえろ | [tàéꜜrò] |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 耐えられる | たえられる | [tàéráréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 耐えさせる | たえさせる | [tàésáséꜜrù] |
| Potential | 耐えられる | たえられる | [tàéráréꜜrù] |
| Volitional | 耐えよう | たえよー | [tàéyóꜜò] |
| Negative | 耐えない | たえない | [tàéꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 耐えなかった | たえなかった | [tàéꜜnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 耐えます | たえます | [tàémáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 耐えた | たえた | [táꜜètà] |
| Conjunctive | 耐えて | たえて | [táꜜètè] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 耐えれば | たえれば | [tàéꜜrèbà] |
Verb
[edit]たえる • (taeru) ←たへる (taferu)?ichidan (stem たえ (tae), past たえた (taeta))
- 耐える: to endure, to bear (to put up with)
- 耐える: to withstand, to resist, to stand
- 耐える, 堪える: to have the ability (for a job etc.), to be worthy
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "たえる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | たえ | tae | ||
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | たえ | tae | ||
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | たえる | taeru | ||
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | たえる | taeru | ||
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | たえれ | taere | ||
| Meireikei ("imperative") | たえよ¹ たえろ² |
taeyo¹ taero² | ||
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | たえられる | taerareru | ||
| Causative | たえさせる たえさす |
taesaseru taesasu | ||
| Potential | たえられる たえれる³ |
taerareru taereru³ | ||
| Volitional | たえよう | taeyō | ||
| Negative | たえない たえぬ たえん |
taenai taenu taen | ||
| Negative continuative | たえず | taezu | ||
| Formal | たえます | taemasu | ||
| Perfective | たえた | taeta | ||
| Conjunctive | たえて | taete | ||
| Hypothetical conditional | たえれば | taereba | ||
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||
Etymology 2
[edit]| Alternative spelling |
|---|
| 絶える |
Pronunciation
[edit]- Tokyo pitch accent of conjugated forms of 「絶える」
| Source: Online Japanese Accent Dictionary | |||
| Stem forms | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| Terminal (終止形) Attributive (連体形) |
絶える | たえる | [tàéꜜrù] |
| Imperative (命令形) | 絶えろ | たえろ | [tàéꜜrò] |
| Key constructions | |||
| Passive | 絶えられる | たえられる | [tàéráréꜜrù] |
| Causative | 絶えさせる | たえさせる | [tàésáséꜜrù] |
| Potential | - | - | - |
| Volitional | 絶えよう | たえよー | [tàéyóꜜò] |
| Negative | 絶えない | たえない | [tàéꜜnàì] |
| Negative perfective | 絶えなかった | たえなかった | [tàéꜜnàkàttà] |
| Formal | 絶えます | たえます | [tàémáꜜsù] |
| Perfective | 絶えた | たえた | [táꜜètà] |
| Conjunctive | 絶えて | たえて | [táꜜètè] |
| Hypothetical conditional | 絶えれば | たえれば | [tàéꜜrèbà] |
Verb
[edit]たえる • (taeru) ichidan (stem たえ (tae), past たえた (taeta))
| Japanese verb pair | |
|---|---|
| active | 絶やす |
| mediopassive | 絶える |
| Japanese verb pair | |
|---|---|
| active | 断つ |
| mediopassive | 絶える |
- to cease
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of "たえる" (See Appendix:Japanese verbs.)
| Katsuyōkei ("stem forms") | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Mizenkei ("imperfective") | たえ | tae | ||
| Ren’yōkei ("continuative") | たえ | tae | ||
| Shūshikei ("terminal") | たえる | taeru | ||
| Rentaikei ("attributive") | たえる | taeru | ||
| Kateikei ("hypothetical") | たえれ | taere | ||
| Meireikei ("imperative") | たえよ¹ たえろ² |
taeyo¹ taero² | ||
| Key constructions | ||||
| Passive | たえられる | taerareru | ||
| Causative | たえさせる たえさす |
taesaseru taesasu | ||
| Potential | たえられる たえれる³ |
taerareru taereru³ | ||
| Volitional | たえよう | taeyō | ||
| Negative | たえない たえぬ たえん |
taenai taenu taen | ||
| Negative continuative | たえず | taezu | ||
| Formal | たえます | taemasu | ||
| Perfective | たえた | taeta | ||
| Conjunctive | たえて | taete | ||
| Hypothetical conditional | たえれば | taereba | ||
| ¹ Written imperative ² Spoken imperative ³ Colloquial potential | ||||
Derived terms
[edit]- 絶えず (taezu, “constantly, continually”)
References
[edit]- ^ Matsumura, Akira, editor (2006), 大辞林 (in Japanese), Third edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō, →ISBN
- ^ NHK Broadcasting Culture Research Institute, editor (1998), NHK日本語発音アクセント辞典 (in Japanese), Tokyo: NHK Publishing, Inc., →ISBN
- ^ Kindaichi, Kyōsuke et al., editors (1974), 新明解国語辞典 (in Japanese), Second edition, Tokyo: Sanseidō