ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ

Coptic

Alternative forms

• ⲥⲕⲁⲣⲕⲣ (skarkr), ⲥⲗⲉϭⲗⲉϭ (sleclec) — Fayyumic
• ⲥⲕⲟⲣⲕⲣ (skorkr) — Sahidic
• ⲥⲕⲁⲣⲕⲣⲉ (skarkre) — Akhmimic
• ⲥⲕⲉⲣⲕⲉⲣ (skerker) — Bohairic

Etymology

From Egyptian (sqrqr, “to roll (in bed”).

Verb

ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ • (skalkl) (nominal state ⲥⲕⲉⲗⲕⲱⲗ-)

1. (Fayyumic) to roll, be rolled

Conjugation

Conjugation of ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ (Fayyumic dialect)

infinitive	affirmative	ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ skalkl	imperative	affirmative	ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ skalkl
	negative	ϣⲧⲉⲙⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ štemskalkl		negative	ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲡⲉⲗⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpelskalkl, pelskalkl

			singular					plural			nominal
			1st person	2nd person		3rd person		1st person	2nd person	3rd person
				masculine	feminine	masculine	feminine
durative sentence
			ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛⲧⲁ	ⲛⲧⲁϥ	ⲛⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛⲧⲁⲩ	-
present	basic		ϯⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ tiskalkl	ⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ kskalkl	ⲧⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ teskalkl	ϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ fskalkl	ⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ sskalkl	ⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ tenskalkl	ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ tetenskalkl	ⲥⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ seskalkl	ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ skalkl
	circumstantial		ⲉⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eiskalkl	ⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ekskalkl	ⲉⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eleskalkl	ⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ efskalkl	ⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ esskalkl	ⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ enskalkl	ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eletenskalkl	ⲉⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ euskalkl	ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ele- skalkl
	relative		ⲉϯⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etiskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etekskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eteskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etefskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etesskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etenskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etetenskalkl	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etouskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ete- skalkl, etele- skalkl
	preterite		ⲛⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ naiskalkl	ⲛⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nakskalkl	ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ naleskalkl	ⲛⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nafskalkl	ⲛⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nasskalkl	ⲛⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nanskalkl	ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ naletenskalkl	ⲛⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nauskalkl	ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nale- skalkl
	focalising		ⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aiskalkl	ⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ akskalkl	ⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aleskalkl	ⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ afskalkl	ⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ asskalkl	ⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ anskalkl	ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aletenskalkl	ⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ auskalkl	ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ale- skalkl
future	basic		ϯⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ tineskalkl	ⲕⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ kneskalkl	ⲧⲉⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ teneskalkl	ϥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ fneskalkl	ⲥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ sneskalkl	ⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ tenneskalkl	ⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ tetenneskalkl	ⲥⲉⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ seneskalkl	ⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ neskalkl
	circumstantial		ⲉⲓⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eineskalkl	ⲉⲕⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ekneskalkl	ⲉⲗⲉⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eleneskalkl	ⲉϥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ efneskalkl	ⲉⲥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ esneskalkl	ⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ enneskalkl	ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eletenneskalkl	ⲉⲩⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ euneskalkl	ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ele- neskalkl
	relative		ⲉϯⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etineskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲕⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etekneskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eteneskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉϥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etefneskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etesneskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etenneskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etetenneskalkl	ⲉⲧⲟⲩⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etouneskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etele- neskalkl
	preterite		ⲛⲁⲓⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ naineskalkl	ⲛⲁⲕⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nakneskalkl	ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ naleneskalkl	ⲛⲁϥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nafneskalkl	ⲛⲁⲥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nasneskalkl	ⲛⲁⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nanneskalkl	ⲛⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ naletenneskalkl	ⲛⲁⲩⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nauneskalkl	ⲛⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nale- neskalkl
	focalising		ⲁⲓⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aineskalkl	ⲁⲕⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ akneskalkl	ⲁⲗⲉⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aleneskalkl	ⲁϥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ afneskalkl	ⲁⲥⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ asneskalkl	ⲁⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ anneskalkl	ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aletenneskalkl	ⲁⲩⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ auneskalkl	ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ale- neskalkl
negated with			ⲛ- … ⲉⲛ n- … en
non-durative sentence
			ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛⲧⲁ	ⲛⲧⲁϥ	ⲛⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛⲧⲁⲩ	-
past	basic	affirmative	ⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aiskalkl	ⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ akskalkl	ⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aleskalkl	ⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ afskalkl	ⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ asskalkl	ⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ anskalkl	ⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ atetenskalkl	ⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ auskalkl	ⲁ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ a- skalkl
		negative	ⲙⲡⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpiskalkl	ⲙⲡⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpekskalkl	ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpeskalkl	ⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpefskalkl	ⲙⲡⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpesskalkl	ⲙⲡⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpenskalkl	ⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpetenskalkl	ⲙⲡⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpouskalkl	ⲙⲡⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpe- skalkl
	circumstantial	affirmative	ⲉⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eaiskalkl	ⲉⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eakskalkl	ⲉⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ealeskalkl	ⲉⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eafskalkl	ⲉⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ easskalkl	ⲉⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eanskalkl	ⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eatetenskalkl	ⲉⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eauskalkl	ⲉⲁ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ea- skalkl
		negative	ⲉⲙⲡⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empiskalkl	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empekskalkl	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empeskalkl	ⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empefskalkl	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empesskalkl	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empenskalkl	ⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empetenskalkl	ⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empouskalkl	ⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empe- skalkl
	relative	affirmative	ⲛⲧⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntaiskalkl	ⲛⲧⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntakskalkl	ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntaleskalkl	ⲛⲧⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntafskalkl	ⲛⲧⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntasskalkl	ⲛⲧⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntanskalkl	ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etaletenskalkl	ⲛⲧⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntauskalkl	ⲛⲧⲁ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nta- skalkl
		negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempiskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempekskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempeskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempefskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempesskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempenskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempetenskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempouskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempe- skalkl
	preterite	affirmative	ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nneaiskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nneakskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnealeskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nneafskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nneasskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nneanskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nneatetenskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nneauskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲁ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnea- skalkl
		negative	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempiskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempekskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempeskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempefskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempesskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempenskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempetenskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempouskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempe- skalkl
	focalising	affirmative	ⲁⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aaiskalkl	ⲁⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aakskalkl	ⲁⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aaleskalkl	ⲁⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aafskalkl	ⲁⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aasskalkl	ⲁⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aanskalkl	ⲉⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etaletenskalkl	ⲁⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aauskalkl	ⲁⲁ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aa- skalkl
expectative	basic	negative	ⲙⲡⲁϯⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpatiskalkl	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpatekskalkl	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpateskalkl	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpatefskalkl	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpatesskalkl	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpatenskalkl	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpatetenskalkl	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpatouskalkl	ⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpate- skalkl
	circumstantial	negative	ⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empatiskalkl	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empatekskalkl	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empateskalkl	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empatefskalkl	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empatesskalkl	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empatenskalkl	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empatetenskalkl	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empatouskalkl	ⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ empate- skalkl
	relative	negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempatiskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempatekskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempateskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempatefskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempatesskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempatenskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempatetenskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempatouskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etempate- skalkl
	preterite	negative	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁϯⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempatiskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempatekskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempateskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempatefskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempatesskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempatenskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempatetenskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempatouskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲡⲁⲧⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnempate- skalkl
aorist	basic	affirmative	ϣⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šaiskalkl	ϣⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šakskalkl	ϣⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šaleskalkl	ϣⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šafskalkl	ϣⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šasskalkl	ϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šanskalkl	ϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šatetenskalkl	ϣⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šauskalkl	ϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šale- skalkl
		negative	ⲙⲉⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ meiskalkl	ⲙⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mekskalkl	ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ meleskalkl	ⲙⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mefskalkl	ⲙⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ messkalkl	ⲙⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ menskalkl	ⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ meletenskalkl	ⲙⲉⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ meuskalkl	ⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mele- skalkl
	circumstantial	affirmative	ⲉϣⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ešaiskalkl	ⲉϣⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ešakskalkl	ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ešaleskalkl	ⲉϣⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ešafskalkl	ⲉϣⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ešasskalkl	ⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ešanskalkl	ⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ešatetenskalkl	ⲉϣⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ešauskalkl	ⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ešale- skalkl
		negative	ⲉⲙⲉⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ emeiskalkl	ⲉⲙⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ emekskalkl	ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ emeleskalkl	ⲉⲙⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ emefskalkl	ⲉⲙⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ emesskalkl	ⲉⲙⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ emenskalkl	ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ emeletenskalkl	ⲉⲙⲉⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ emeuskalkl	ⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ emele- skalkl
	relative	affirmative	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛϣⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etešaiskalkl, nšaiskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛϣⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etešakskalkl, nšakskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etešaleskalkl, nšaleskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛϣⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etešafskalkl, nšafskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛϣⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etešasskalkl, nšasskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etešanskalkl, nšanskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etešatetenskalkl, nšatetenskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛϣⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etešauskalkl, nšauskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etešale- skalkl, nšale- skalkl
		negative	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etemeiskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etemekskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etemeleskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etemefskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etemesskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etemenskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etemeletenskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etemeuskalkl	ⲉⲧⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ etemele- skalkl
	preterite	affirmative	ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnešaiskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnešakskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnešaleskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnešafskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnešasskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnešanskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnešatetenskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnešauskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉϣⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnešale- skalkl
		negative	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnemeiskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnemekskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnemeleskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnemefskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnemesskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnemenskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnemeletenskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnemeuskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnemele- skalkl
	focalising	affirmative	ⲛⲙⲉⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nmeiskalkl	ⲛⲙⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nmekskalkl	ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nmeleskalkl	ⲛⲙⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nmefskalkl	ⲛⲙⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nmesskalkl	ⲛⲙⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nmenskalkl	ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nmeletenskalkl	ⲛⲙⲉⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nmeuskalkl	ⲛⲙⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nmele- skalkl
optative	basic	affirmative	ⲉⲓⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eieskalkl	ⲉⲕⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ekeskalkl	ⲉⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eleskalkl	ⲉϥⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ efeskalkl	ⲉⲥⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eseskalkl	ⲉⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eneskalkl	ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eleteneskalkl	ⲉⲩⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eueskalkl	ⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ele- skalkl
		negative	ⲛⲛⲁⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnaskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnekskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nneskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnefskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnesskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnenskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnetenskalkl	ⲛⲛⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nnouskalkl	ⲛⲛⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nne- skalkl
jussive	basic	affirmative	ⲙⲁⲗⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ maliskalkl	(use imperative)		ⲙⲁⲗⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ malefskalkl	ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ malesskalkl	ⲙⲁⲗⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ malenskalkl	(use imperative)	ⲙⲁⲗⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ malouskalkl	ⲙⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ male- skalkl
		negative	ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpeltriskalkl			ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpeltrefskalkl	ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpeltresskalkl	ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpeltrenskalkl		ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpeltreuskalkl	ⲙⲡⲉⲗⲧⲣⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ mpeltre- skalkl
subordinate clause
			ⲁⲛⲁⲕ	ⲛⲧⲁⲕ	ⲛⲧⲁ	ⲛⲧⲁϥ	ⲛⲧⲁⲥ	ⲁⲛⲁⲛ	ⲛⲧⲁⲧⲉⲛ	ⲛⲧⲁⲩ	-
conjunctive			ⲧⲁⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ taskalkl, ntaskalkl	ⲛⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nkskalkl	ⲛⲧⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nteskalkl	ⲛϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nfskalkl	ⲛⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nsskalkl	ⲛⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntenskalkl	ⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntetenskalkl	ⲛⲥⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nseskalkl	ⲛⲧⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nte- skalkl
future conjunctive			ⲧⲁⲗⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ taliskalkl, ntaliskalkl	ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ talekskalkl, ntalekskalkl	ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ taleskalkl, ntaleskalkl	ⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ talefskalkl, ntalefskalkl	ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ talesskalkl, ntalesskalkl	ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ talenskalkl, ntalenskalkl	ⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ taletenskalkl, ntaletenskalkl	ⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ talouskalkl, ntalouskalkl	ⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲛⲧⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ tale- skalkl, ntale- skalkl
precursive			ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nteliskalkl	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntelekskalkl	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nteleskalkl	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntelefskalkl	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntelesskalkl	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntelenskalkl	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ nteletenskalkl	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntelouskalkl	ⲛⲧⲉⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ntele- skalkl
limitative			ϣⲁⲛϯⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šantiskalkl	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šantekskalkl	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šanteskalkl	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šantefskalkl	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šantesskalkl	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šantenskalkl	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šantetenskalkl	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲟⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šantouskalkl	ϣⲁⲛⲧⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ šante- skalkl
conditional	long		ⲉⲓϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eišanskalkl	ⲉⲕϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ekšanskalkl	ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ elešanskalkl	ⲉϥϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ efšanskalkl	ⲉⲥϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ esšanskalkl	ⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ enšanskalkl	ⲉⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eletenšanskalkl	ⲉⲩϣⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ eušanskalkl	ⲉⲗⲉϣⲁⲛ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ, ⲉⲗϣⲁⲛ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ elešan- skalkl, elšan- skalkl
	short		ⲁⲓⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aiskalkl	ⲁⲕⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ akskalkl	ⲁⲗⲉⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aleskalkl	ⲁϥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ afskalkl	ⲁⲥⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ asskalkl	ⲁⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ anskalkl	ⲁⲗⲉⲧⲉⲛⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ aletenskalkl	ⲁⲩⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ auskalkl	ⲁⲗⲉ- ⲥⲕⲁⲗⲕⲗ ale- skalkl
negated with			ϣⲧⲉⲙ- štem-

References

• Crum, Walter E. (1939) A Coptic Dictionary‎^[1], Oxford: Clarendon Press, →ISBN, page 329
• Černý, Jaroslav (1976) Coptic Etymological Dictionary, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 150