ῥάπυς

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

ῥᾰ́φῠς (rhắphŭs)

Etymology

A number of similar words for turnip exist in European languages, but inconsistencies lend to the idea of multiple borrowings, rather than a Proto-Indo-European origin. Compare Latin rapus, Old High German ruoba, Lithuanian rópė. Also see ῥάφανος (rháphanos, “cabbage”).^[1] Compare, however, Albanian rrapë, which supposedly comes from Proto-Indo-European *(s)rā́ps (“radish, rape”).

Pronunciation

(5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /r̥á.pys/
(1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /ˈra.pys/
(4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /ˈra.pys/
(10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /ˈra.pys/
(15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /ˈra.pis/

Noun

ῥᾰ́πῠς • (rhắpŭs) f (genitive ῥᾰ́πῠος); third declension

turnip

Inflection

Third declension of ἡ ῥᾰ́πῠς; τῆς ῥᾰ́πῠος (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ῥᾰ́πῠς hē rhắpŭs	τὼ ῥᾰ́πῠε tṑ rhắpŭe	αἱ ῥᾰ́πῠες hai rhắpŭes
Genitive	τῆς ῥᾰ́πῠος tês rhắpŭos	τοῖν ῥᾰπῠ́οιν toîn rhăpŭ́oin	τῶν ῥᾰπῠ́ων tôn rhăpŭ́ōn
Dative	τῇ ῥᾰ́πῠῐ̈ / ῥᾰ́πυι têi rhắpŭĭ̈ / rhắpui	τοῖν ῥᾰπῠ́οιν toîn rhăpŭ́oin	ταῖς ῥᾰ́πῠσῐ / ῥᾰ́πῠσῐν taîs rhắpŭsĭ(n)
Accusative	τὴν ῥᾰ́πῠν tḕn rhắpŭn	τὼ ῥᾰ́πῠε tṑ rhắpŭe	τᾱ̀ς ῥᾰ́πῡς / ῥᾰ́πῠᾰς tā̀s rhắpūs / rhắpŭăs
Vocative	ῥᾰ́πῠ rhắpŭ	ῥᾰ́πῠε rhắpŭe	ῥᾰ́πῠες rhắpŭes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Synonyms

βουνιάς (bouniás)

References

^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ῥάφανος (> VAR > Cf. ῥάφυς, ῥάπυς)”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 1277