ὀφείλω
Appearance
See also: οφείλω
Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- ὀφέλλω (ophéllō) — Epic, Aeolic, Arcadocypriot
- ὀφήλω (ophḗlō) — Cretan, Arcadocypriot
Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Hellenic *opʰéľľō, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃bʰélyeti, from *h₃bʰel- (whence ὄφελος (óphelos)).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /o.pʰěː.lɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /oˈpʰi.lo/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /oˈɸi.lo/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /oˈfi.lo/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /oˈfi.lo/
Verb
[edit]ὀφείλω • (opheílō)
- to owe
- (figuratively)
- (law) to incur
- (passive voice, of persons) to be due or liable to
- Palatine Anthology 9.283
- (with infinitive) to be bound, obligated, to ought, to should, to have to
- (impersonal) it behooves
Inflection
[edit] Present: ὀφείλω, ὀφείλομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ὤφειλον | ὤφειλες | ὤφειλε(ν) | ὠφείλετον | ὠφειλέτην | ὠφείλομεν | ὠφείλετε | ὤφειλον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ὠφειλόμην | ὠφείλου | ὠφείλετο | ὠφείλεσθον | ὠφειλέσθην | ὠφειλόμεθᾰ | ὠφείλεσθε | ὠφείλοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ὤφελλον | ὤφελλες | ὤφελλε(ν) | ὠφέλλετον | ὠφελλέτην | ὠφέλλομεν | ὠφέλλετε | ὤφελλον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ὠφελλόμην | ὠφέλλου | ὠφέλλετο | ὠφέλλεσθον | ὠφελλέσθην | ὠφελλόμεθᾰ | ὠφέλλεσθε | ὠφέλλοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ὄφελλον | ὄφελλες | ὄφελλε(ν) | ὀφέλλετον | ὀφελλέτην | ὀφέλλομεν | ὀφέλλετε | ὄφελλον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ὀφελλόμην | ὀφέλλου | ὀφέλλετο | ὀφέλλεσθον | ὀφελλέσθην | ὀφελλόμεθᾰ | ὀφέλλεσθε | ὀφέλλοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: ὀφειλέσω, ὀφειλέσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ὀφειλέσω | ὀφειλέσεις | ὀφειλέσει | ὀφειλέσετον | ὀφειλέσετον | ὀφειλέσομεν | ὀφειλέσετε | ὀφειλέσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | ὀφειλέσοιμῐ | ὀφειλέσοις | ὀφειλέσοι | ὀφειλέσοιτον | ὀφειλεσοίτην | ὀφειλέσοιμεν | ὀφειλέσοιτε | ὀφειλέσοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | ὀφειλέσομαι | ὀφειλέσῃ, ὀφειλέσει |
ὀφειλέσεται | ὀφειλέσεσθον | ὀφειλέσεσθον | ὀφειλεσόμεθᾰ | ὀφειλέσεσθε | ὀφειλέσονται | ||||
optative | ὀφειλεσοίμην | ὀφειλέσοιο | ὀφειλέσοιτο | ὀφειλέσοισθον | ὀφειλεσοίσθην | ὀφειλεσοίμεθᾰ | ὀφειλέσοισθε | ὀφειλέσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ὀφειλέσειν | ὀφειλέσεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ὀφειλέσων | ὀφειλεσόμενος | ||||||||||
f | ὀφειλέσουσᾰ | ὀφειλεσομένη | |||||||||||
n | ὀφειλέσον | ὀφειλεσόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ὤφελον | ὤφελες | ὤφελε(ν) | ὠφέλετον | ὠφελέτην | ὠφέλομεν | ὠφέλετε | ὤφελον | ||||
subjunctive | ὀφέλω | ὀφέλῃς | ὀφέλῃ | ὀφέλητον | ὀφέλητον | ὀφέλωμεν | ὀφέλητε | ὀφέλωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ὀφέλοιμῐ | ὀφέλοις | ὀφέλοι | ὀφέλοιτον | ὀφελοίτην | ὀφέλοιμεν | ὀφέλοιτε | ὀφέλοιεν | |||||
imperative | ὄφελε | ὀφελέτω | ὀφέλετον | ὀφελέτων | ὀφέλετε | ὀφελόντων | |||||||
middle | indicative | ὠφελόμην | ὠφέλου | ὠφέλετο | ὠφέλεσθον | ὠφελέσθην | ὠφελόμεθᾰ | ὠφέλεσθε | ὠφέλοντο | ||||
subjunctive | ὀφέλωμαι | ὀφέλῃ | ὀφέληται | ὀφέλησθον | ὀφέλησθον | ὀφελώμεθᾰ | ὀφέλησθε | ὀφέλωνται | |||||
optative | ὀφελοίμην | ὀφέλοιο | ὀφέλοιτο | ὀφέλοισθον | ὀφελοίσθην | ὀφελοίμεθᾰ | ὀφέλοισθε | ὀφέλοιντο | |||||
imperative | ὀφελοῦ | ὀφελέσθω | ὀφέλεσθον | ὀφελέσθων | ὀφέλεσθε | ὀφελέσθων | |||||||
active | middle | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ὀφελεῖν | ὀφελέσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ὀφελών | ὀφελόμενος | ||||||||||
f | ὀφελοῦσᾰ | ὀφελομένη | |||||||||||
n | ὀφελόν | ὀφελόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Perfect: ὠφείληκᾰ
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ὠφείληκᾰ | ὠφείληκᾰς | ὠφείληκε(ν) | ὠφειλήκᾰτον | ὠφειλήκᾰτον | ὠφειλήκᾰμεν | ὠφειλήκᾰτε | ὠφειλήκᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | ὠφειλήκω | ὠφειλήκῃς | ὠφειλήκῃ | ὠφειλήκητον | ὠφειλήκητον | ὠφειλήκωμεν | ὠφειλήκητε | ὠφειλήκωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ὠφειλήκοιμῐ, ὠφειληκοίην |
ὠφειλήκοις, ὠφειληκοίης |
ὠφειλήκοι, ὠφειληκοίη |
ὠφειλήκοιτον | ὠφειληκοίτην | ὠφειλήκοιμεν | ὠφειλήκοιτε | ὠφειλήκοιεν | |||||
imperative | ὠφείληκε | ὠφειληκέτω | ὠφειλήκετον | ὠφειληκέτων | ὠφειλήκετε | ὠφειληκόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ὠφειληκέναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ὠφειληκώς | |||||||||||
f | ὠφειληκυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | ὠφειληκός | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Pluperfect: ὠφειλήκειν
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ὠφειλήκειν, ὠφειλήκη |
ὠφειλήκεις, ὠφειλήκης |
ὠφειλήκει(ν) | ὠφειλήκετον | ὠφειληκέτην | ὠφειλήκεμεν | ὠφειλήκετε | ὠφειλήκεσᾰν | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
[edit]Related terms
[edit]Descendants
[edit]Further reading
[edit]- “ὀφείλω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ὀφείλω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- “ὀφείλω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ὀφείλω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
- Bauer, Walter et al. (2001) A Greek–English Lexicon of the New Testament and Other Early Christian Literature, Third edition, Chicago: University of Chicago Press
- “ὀφείλω”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter
- G3784 in Strong, James (1979) Strong’s Exhaustive Concordance to the Bible
- Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
- Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN
Categories:
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Hellenic
- Ancient Greek terms inherited from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Ancient Greek 3-syllable words
- Ancient Greek terms with IPA pronunciation
- Ancient Greek lemmas
- Ancient Greek verbs
- Ancient Greek paroxytone terms
- grc:Law
- Ancient Greek impersonal verbs