ὀδύρομαι

Ancient Greek

Alternative forms

• δῡ́ρομαι (dū́romai) — aphetic, found in Tragic poetry for metrical purposes

Etymology

Perhaps from the same root as ὀδύνη (odúnē, “pain”).

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /o.dy̌ː.ro.mai̯/ → /oˈðy.ro.mɛ/ → /oˈði.ro.me/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /o.dy̌ː.ro.mai̯/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /oˈdy.ro.mɛ/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /oˈðy.ro.mɛ/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /oˈðy.ro.me/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /oˈði.ro.me/

Verb

ὀδῡ́ρομαι • (odū́romai)

1. to wail, weep, lament (for)

   Synonyms: θρέομαι (thréomai), κωκῡ́ω (kōkū́ō)

Conjugation

   Present: ὀδῡ́ρομαι

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ὀδῡ́ρομαι	ὀδῡ́ρῃ, ὀδῡ́ρει	ὀδῡ́ρεται	ὀδῡ́ρεσθον	ὀδῡ́ρεσθον	ὀδῡρόμεθᾰ	ὀδῡ́ρεσθε	ὀδῡ́ρονται
	subjunctive	ὀδῡ́ρωμαι	ὀδῡ́ρῃ	ὀδῡ́ρηται	ὀδῡ́ρησθον	ὀδῡ́ρησθον	ὀδῡρώμεθᾰ	ὀδῡ́ρησθε	ὀδῡ́ρωνται
	optative	ὀδῡροίμην	ὀδῡ́ροιο	ὀδῡ́ροιτο	ὀδῡ́ροισθον	ὀδῡροίσθην	ὀδῡροίμεθᾰ	ὀδῡ́ροισθε	ὀδῡ́ροιντο
	imperative		ὀδῡ́ρου	ὀδῡρέσθω	ὀδῡ́ρεσθον	ὀδῡρέσθων		ὀδῡ́ρεσθε	ὀδῡρέσθων
infinitive						ὀδῡ́ρεσθαι
participle	m					ὀδῡρόμενος
	f					ὀδῡρομένη
	n					ὀδῡρόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: ὀδῡρόμην (Epic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ὀδῡρόμην	ὀδῡ́ρου	ὀδῡ́ρετο	ὀδῡ́ρεσθον	ὀδῡρέσθην	ὀδῡρόμε(σ)θᾰ	ὀδῡ́ρεσθε	ὀδῡ́ροντο
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Imperfect: ὀδῡρεσκόμην (Ionic)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ὀδῡρεσκόμην	ὀδῡρέσκου	ὀδῡρέσκετο	ὀδῡρέσκεσθον	ὀδῡρεσκέσθην	ὀδῡρεσκόμεθᾰ	ὀδῡρέσκεσθε	ὀδῡρέσκοντο
Notes:	Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Future: ὀδῠρέομαι (Uncontracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ὀδῠρέομαι	ὀδῠρέῃ, ὀδῠρέει	ὀδῠρέεται	ὀδῠρέεσθον	ὀδῠρέεσθον	ὀδῠρεόμεθᾰ	ὀδῠρέεσθε	ὀδῠρέονται
	optative	ὀδῠρεοίμην	ὀδῠρέοιο	ὀδῠρέοιτο	ὀδῠρέοισθον	ὀδῠρεοίσθην	ὀδῠρεοίμεθᾰ	ὀδῠρέοισθε	ὀδῠρέοιντο
					middle
infinitive					ὀδῠρέεσθαι
participle	m				ὀδῠρεόμενος
	f				ὀδῠρεομένη
	n				ὀδῠρεόμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Future: ὀδῠροῦμαι (Contracted)

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ὀδῠροῦμαι	ὀδῠρῇ	ὀδῠρεῖται	ὀδῠρεῖσθον	ὀδῠρεῖσθον	ὀδῠρούμεθᾰ	ὀδῠρεῖσθε	ὀδῠροῦνται
	optative	ὀδῠροίμην	ὀδῠροῖο	ὀδῠροῖτο	ὀδῠροῖσθον	ὀδῠροίσθην	ὀδῠροίμεθᾰ	ὀδῠροῖσθε	ὀδῠροῖντο
					middle
infinitive					ὀδῠρεῖσθαι
participle	m				ὀδῠρούμενος
	f				ὀδῠρουμένη
	n				ὀδῠρούμενον
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

   Aorist: ὠδῡρᾰ́μην, ὠδῡ́ρθην

number		singular			dual		plural
		first	second	third	second	third	first	second	third
middle	indicative	ὠδῡρᾰ́μην	ὠδῡ́ρω	ὠδῡ́ρᾰτο	ὠδῡ́ρᾰσθον	ὠδῡρᾰ́σθην	ὠδῡρᾰ́μεθᾰ	ὠδῡ́ρᾰσθε	ὠδῡ́ρᾰντο
	subjunctive	ὀδῡ́ρωμαι	ὀδῡ́ρῃ	ὀδῡ́ρηται	ὀδῡ́ρησθον	ὀδῡ́ρησθον	ὀδῡρώμεθᾰ	ὀδῡ́ρησθε	ὀδῡ́ρωνται
	optative	ὀδῡραίμην	ὀδῡ́ραιο	ὀδῡ́ραιτο	ὀδῡ́ραισθον	ὀδῡραίσθην	ὀδῡραίμεθᾰ	ὀδῡ́ραισθε	ὀδῡ́ραιντο
	imperative		ὄδῡραι	ὀδῡρᾰ́σθω	ὀδῡ́ρᾰσθον	ὀδῡρᾰ́σθων		ὀδῡ́ρᾰσθε	ὀδῡρᾰ́σθων
passive	indicative	ὠδῡ́ρθην	ὠδῡ́ρθης	ὠδῡ́ρθη	ὠδῡ́ρθητον	ὠδῡρθήτην	ὠδῡ́ρθημεν	ὠδῡ́ρθητε	ὠδῡ́ρθησᾰν
	subjunctive	ὀδῡρθῶ	ὀδῡρθῇς	ὀδῡρθῇ	ὀδῡρθῆτον	ὀδῡρθῆτον	ὀδῡρθῶμεν	ὀδῡρθῆτε	ὀδῡρθῶσῐ(ν)
	optative	ὀδῡρθείην	ὀδῡρθείης	ὀδῡρθείη	ὀδῡρθεῖτον, ὀδῡρθείητον	ὀδῡρθείτην, ὀδῡρθειήτην	ὀδῡρθεῖμεν, ὀδῡρθείημεν	ὀδῡρθεῖτε, ὀδῡρθείητε	ὀδῡρθεῖεν, ὀδῡρθείησᾰν
	imperative		ὀδῡ́ρθητῐ	ὀδῡρθήτω	ὀδῡ́ρθητον	ὀδῡρθήτων		ὀδῡ́ρθητε	ὀδῡρθέντων
					middle		passive
infinitive					ὀδῡ́ρᾰσθαι		ὀδῡρθῆναι
participle	m				ὀδῡρᾰ́μενος		ὀδῡρθείς
	f				ὀδῡρᾰμένη		ὀδῡρθεῖσᾰ
	n				ὀδῡρᾰ́μενον		ὀδῡρθέν
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.

Derived terms

• ἀνοδύρομαι (anodúromai)
• κατοδύρομαι (katodúromai)

 

Related terms

• ὄδυρμα (ódurma)
• ὀδυρμός (odurmós)
• ὀδύρτης (odúrtēs)
• ὀδυρτικός (odurtikós)
• ὀδυρτός (odurtós)

 

Further reading

• “ὀδύρομαι”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ὀδύρομαι in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ὀδύρομαι in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “ὀδύρομαι”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• Woodhouse, S. C. (1910) English–Greek Dictionary: A Vocabulary of the Attic Language‎^[1], London: Routledge & Kegan Paul Limited.
  • bemoan idem, page 73.
  • bewail idem, page 77.
  • complain idem, page 151.
  • deplore idem, page 212.
  • grieve idem, page 373.
  • lament idem, page 474.
  • mourn idem, page 543.
  • sorrow idem, page 795.
  • wail idem, page 959.
  • weep idem, page 972.