ἴς

See also: -ις

Ancient Greek

Etymology

Earlier *ϝῑ́ς (*wī́s), from Proto-Hellenic *wīs, from Proto-Indo-European *wéyh₁s, from *weyh₁-. Cognate with Latin vīs.

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium. Particularly: “Why the -n-?”)

Pronunciation

 

• IPA^(key): /ǐːs/ → /is/ → /is/

• (5^th BCE Attic) IPA^(key): /ǐːs/
• (1^st CE Egyptian) IPA^(key): /is/
• (4^th CE Koine) IPA^(key): /is/
• (10^th CE Byzantine) IPA^(key): /is/
• (15^th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA^(key): /is/

Noun

ῑ̓́ς • (ī́s) f (genitive ῑ̓νός); third declension

1. force, power
2. muscle, sinew, tendon
   • 800 BCE – 600 BCE, Homer, Iliad 21.282–283:

     εἴ μοι ἔτ’ ἐστὶν / ἴς, οἵη πάρος ἔσκεν ἐνὶ γναμπτοῖσι μέλεσσιν

     eí moi ét’ estìn / ís, hoíē páros ésken enì gnamptoîsi mélessin

     if I still have the power that used to be in my supple limbs

Declension

Third declension of ἡ ῑ̓́ς; τῆς ῑ̓νός (Attic)

Case / #	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ἡ ῑ̓́ς hē ī́s	τὼ ἶνε tṑ îne	αἱ ἶνες hai înes
Genitive	τῆς ῑ̓νός tês īnós	τοῖν ῑ̓νοῖν toîn īnoîn	τῶν ῑ̓νῶν tôn īnôn
Dative	τῇ ῑ̓νῐ́ têi īní	τοῖν ῑ̓νοῖν toîn īnoîn	ταῖς ῑ̓σῐ́ / ῑ̓σῐ́ν taîs īsí(n)
Accusative	τὴν ἶνᾰ tḕn îna	τὼ ἶνε tṑ îne	τᾱ̀ς ἶνᾰς tā̀s înas
Vocative	ῑ̓́ς ī́s	ἶνε îne	ἶνες înes
Notes:	This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For declension in other dialects, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal declension.

Derived terms

• ἰναία (inaía)
• ἰνάριον (inárion)
• ἰνίον (iníon)
• ἰνόω (inóō)
• ἰνώδης (inṓdēs)

 

Related terms

• ἶφι (îphi)

References

• “ἴς (Β)”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• “ἴς”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “ἴς”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
• ἴς in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette
• ἴς in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963
• “ἴς”, in Slater, William J. (1969) Lexicon to Pindar, Berlin: Walter de Gruyter