ἕψω
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Ancient Greek
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]Etymology
[edit]The verb is clearly related to Old Armenian եփեմ (epʻem, “to boil, cook”). However, as Armenian փ- (pʻ-) can hardly represent *ps-, it has been suggested an Indo-European pre-form *sepʰ-, which would have had an s-enlargement in Greek. However, Indo-European did not possess a phoneme pʰ-: this leads to a substrate origin, probably Pre-Greek according to Beekes. For this, compare δέφω (déphō, “to soften, knead”).[1]
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /hép.sɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈ(h)ep.so/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈep.so/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈep.so/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈep.so/
Verb
[edit]ἕψω • (hépsō)
Conjugation
[edit] Present: ἕψω, ἕψομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἕψω | ἕψεις | ἕψει | ἕψετον | ἕψετον | ἕψομεν | ἕψετε | ἕψουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | ἕψω | ἕψῃς | ἕψῃ | ἕψητον | ἕψητον | ἕψωμεν | ἕψητε | ἕψωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ἕψοιμῐ | ἕψοις | ἕψοι | ἕψοιτον | ἑψοίτην | ἕψοιμεν | ἕψοιτε | ἕψοιεν | |||||
imperative | ἕψε | ἑψέτω | ἕψετον | ἑψέτων | ἕψετε | ἑψόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἕψομαι | ἕψῃ, ἕψει |
ἕψεται | ἕψεσθον | ἕψεσθον | ἑψόμεθᾰ | ἕψεσθε | ἕψονται | ||||
subjunctive | ἕψωμαι | ἕψῃ | ἕψηται | ἕψησθον | ἕψησθον | ἑψώμεθᾰ | ἕψησθε | ἕψωνται | |||||
optative | ἑψοίμην | ἕψοιο | ἕψοιτο | ἕψοισθον | ἑψοίσθην | ἑψοίμεθᾰ | ἕψοισθε | ἕψοιντο | |||||
imperative | ἕψου | ἑψέσθω | ἕψεσθον | ἑψέσθων | ἕψεσθε | ἑψέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ἕψειν | ἕψεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ἕψων | ἑψόμενος | ||||||||||
f | ἕψουσᾰ | ἑψομένη | |||||||||||
n | ἕψον | ἑψόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἧψον | ἧψες | ἧψε(ν) | ἥψετον | ἡψέτην | ἥψομεν | ἥψετε | ἧψον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἡψόμην | ἥψου | ἥψετο | ἥψεσθον | ἡψέσθην | ἡψόμεθᾰ | ἥψεσθε | ἥψοντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἑψήσω | ἑψήσεις | ἑψήσει | ἑψήσετον | ἑψήσετον | ἑψήσομεν | ἑψήσετε | ἑψήσουσῐ(ν) | ||||
optative | ἑψήσοιμῐ | ἑψήσοις | ἑψήσοι | ἑψήσοιτον | ἑψησοίτην | ἑψήσοιμεν | ἑψήσοιτε | ἑψήσοιεν | |||||
middle | indicative | ἑψήσομαι | ἑψήσῃ, ἑψήσει |
ἑψήσεται | ἑψήσεσθον | ἑψήσεσθον | ἑψησόμεθᾰ | ἑψήσεσθε | ἑψήσονται | ||||
optative | ἑψησοίμην | ἑψήσοιο | ἑψήσοιτο | ἑψήσοισθον | ἑψησοίσθην | ἑψησοίμεθᾰ | ἑψήσοισθε | ἑψήσοιντο | |||||
passive | indicative | ἑψεθήσομαι | ἑψεθήσῃ | ἑψεθήσεται | ἑψεθήσεσθον | ἑψεθήσεσθον | ἑψεθησόμεθᾰ | ἑψεθήσεσθε | ἑψεθήσονται | ||||
optative | ἑψεθησοίμην | ἑψεθήσοιο | ἑψεθήσοιτο | ἑψεθήσοισθον | ἑψεθησοίσθην | ἑψεθησοίμεθᾰ | ἑψεθήσοισθε | ἑψεθήσοιντο | |||||
active | middle | passive | |||||||||||
infinitive | ἑψήσειν | ἑψήσεσθαι | ἑψεθήσεσθαι | ||||||||||
participle | m | ἑψήσων | ἑψησόμενος | ἑψεθησόμενος | |||||||||
f | ἑψήσουσᾰ | ἑψησομένη | ἑψεθησομένη | ||||||||||
n | ἑψῆσον | ἑψησόμενον | ἑψεθησόμενον | ||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἔψω”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 492
Further reading
[edit]- “ἕψω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἕψω”, in Liddell & Scott (1889) An Intermediate Greek–English Lexicon, New York: Harper & Brothers
- ἕψω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette