ἕπω
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See also: ἔπω
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Ultimately derived from a thematic present of Proto-Indo-European *sep- (“to care for”). Cognate with Sanskrit सपति (sapati, “he worships”), सपर्यति (saparyati, “he honors”) (see the Sanskrit root सप् (sap)), Avestan 𐬵𐬀𐬟𐬱𐬍 (haf-šī, “you hold (in the hand), support”), Latin sepelio (“to bury, inter”).[1] Related to ὅπλον (hóplon, “tool”) and possibly also ἐπητής (epētḗs, “courteous”), but unrelated to ἕπομαι (hépomai, “to follow”) and εἶπον (eîpon, “I said”).
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /hé.pɔː/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈ(h)e.po/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈe.po/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈe.po/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈe.po/
Verb
[edit]ἕπω • (hépō)
- to busy oneself with
Inflection
[edit]number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἕπω | ἕπεις | ἕπει | ἕπετον | ἕπετον | ἕπομεν | ἕπετε | ἕπουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | ἕπω | ἕπῃς | ἕπῃ | ἕπητον | ἕπητον | ἕπωμεν | ἕπητε | ἕπωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ἕποιμῐ | ἕποις | ἕποι | ἕποιτον | ἑποίτην | ἕποιμεν | ἕποιτε | ἕποιεν | |||||
imperative | ἕπε | ἑπέτω | ἕπετον | ἑπέτων | ἕπετε | ἑπόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἕπομαι | ἕπῃ, ἕπει |
ἕπεται | ἕπεσθον | ἕπεσθον | ἑπόμεθᾰ | ἕπεσθε | ἕπονται | ||||
subjunctive | ἕπωμαι | ἕπῃ | ἕπηται | ἕπησθον | ἕπησθον | ἑπώμεθᾰ | ἕπησθε | ἕπωνται | |||||
optative | ἑποίμην | ἕποιο | ἕποιτο | ἕποισθον | ἑποίσθην | ἑποίμεθᾰ | ἕποισθε | ἕποιντο | |||||
imperative | ἕπου | ἑπέσθω | ἕπεσθον | ἑπέσθων | ἕπεσθε | ἑπέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ἕπειν | ἕπεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ἕπων | ἑπόμενος | ||||||||||
f | ἕπουσᾰ | ἑπομένη | |||||||||||
n | ἕπον | ἑπόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἕπω | ἕπεις | ἕπει | ἕπετον | ἕπετον | ἕπομεν | ἕπετε | ἕπουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | ἕπω, ἕπωμῐ |
ἕπῃς, ἕπῃσθᾰ |
ἕπῃ, ἕπῃσῐ |
ἕπητον | ἕπητον | ἕπωμεν | ἕπητε | ἕπωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ἕποιμῐ | ἕποισ(θᾰ) | ἕποι | ἕποιτον | ἑποίτην | ἕποιμεν | ἕποιτε | ἕποιεν | |||||
imperative | ἕπε | ἑπέτω | ἕπετον | ἑπέτων | ἕπετε | ἑπόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἕπομαι | ἕπεαι | ἕπεται | ἕπεσθον | ἕπεσθον | ἑπόμε(σ)θᾰ | ἕπεσθε | ἕπονται | ||||
subjunctive | ἕπωμαι | ἕπηαι | ἕπηται | ἕπησθον | ἕπησθον | ἑπώμε(σ)θᾰ | ἕπησθε | ἕπωνται | |||||
optative | ἑποίμην | ἕποιο | ἕποιτο | ἕποισθον | ἑποίσθην | ἑποίμε(σ)θᾰ | ἕποισθε | ἑποίᾰτο | |||||
imperative | ἕπεο | ἑπέσθω | ἕπεσθον | ἑπέσθων | ἕπεσθε | ἑπέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ἕπειν/ἑπέμεν(αι)/ἕπμεν(αι) | ἕπεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ἕπων | ἑπόμενος | ||||||||||
f | ἕπουσᾰ | ἑπομένη | |||||||||||
n | ἕπον | ἑπόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἕπω | ἕπεις | ἕπει | ἕπετον | ἕπετον | ἕπομεν | ἕπετε | ἕπουσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | ἕπω | ἕπῃς | ἕπῃ | ἕπητον | ἕπητον | ἕπωμεν | ἕπητε | ἕπωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | ἕποιμῐ | ἕποις | ἕποι | ἕποιτον | ἑποίτην | ἕποιμεν | ἕποιτε | ἕποιεν | |||||
imperative | ἕπε | ἑπέτω | ἕπετον | ἑπέτων | ἕπετε | ἑπόντων | |||||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἕπομαι | ἕπεαι | ἕπεται | ἕπεσθον | ἕπεσθον | ἑπόμεθᾰ | ἕπεσθε | ἕπονται | ||||
subjunctive | ἕπωμαι | ἕπηαι | ἕπηται | ἕπησθον | ἕπησθον | ἑπώμεθᾰ | ἕπησθε | ἕπωνται | |||||
optative | ἑποίμην | ἕποιο | ἕποιτο | ἕποισθον | ἑποίσθην | ἑποίμεθᾰ | ἕποισθε | ἑποίᾰτο | |||||
imperative | ἕπευ | ἑπέσθω | ἕπεσθον | ἑπέσθων | ἕπεσθε | ἑπέσθων | |||||||
active | middle/passive | ||||||||||||
infinitive | ἕπειν | ἕπεσθαι | |||||||||||
participle | m | ἕπων | ἑπόμενος | ||||||||||
f | ἕπουσᾰ | ἑπομένη | |||||||||||
n | ἕπον | ἑπόμενον | |||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | εἷπον | εἷπες | εἷπε(ν) | εἵπετον | εἱπέτην | εἵπομεν | εἵπετε | εἷπον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | εἱπόμην | εἵπου | εἵπετο | εἵπεσθον | εἱπέσθην | εἱπόμεθᾰ | εἵπεσθε | εἵποντο | ||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἕπον | ἕπες | ἕπε(ν) | ἕπετον | ἑπέτην | ἕπομεν | ἕπετε | ἕπον | ||||
middle/ passive |
indicative | ἑπόμην | ἕπου | ἕπετο | ἕπεσθον | ἑπέσθην | ἑπόμεθᾰ | ἕπεσθε | ἕποντο | ||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: ἕπψομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | ἕπψομαι | ἕπψῃ, ἕπψει |
ἕπψεται | ἕπψεσθον | ἕπψεσθον | ἑπψόμεθᾰ | ἕπψεσθε | ἕπψονται | ||||
optative | ἑπψοίμην | ἕπψοιο | ἕπψοιτο | ἕπψοισθον | ἑπψοίσθην | ἑπψοίμεθᾰ | ἕπψοισθε | ἕπψοιντο | |||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ἕπψεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ἑπψόμενος | |||||||||||
f | ἑπψομένη | ||||||||||||
n | ἑπψόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Aorist: ἑσπόμην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | ἑσπόμην | ἕσπου | ἕσπετο | ἕσπεσθον | ἑσπέσθην | ἑσπόμεθᾰ | ἕσπεσθε | ἕσποντο | ||||
subjunctive | σπῶμαι | σπῇ | σπῆται | σπῆσθον | σπῆσθον | σπώμεθᾰ | σπῆσθε | σπῶνται | |||||
optative | σποίμην | σποῖο | σποῖτο | σποῖσθον | σποίσθην | σποίμεθᾰ | σποῖσθε | σποῖντο | |||||
imperative | σποῦ, σπεῖο |
σπέσθω | σπέσθον | σπέσθων | σπέσθε | σπέσθων | |||||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | σπέσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | σπόμενος, ἑσπόμενος |
|||||||||||
f | σπομένη, ἑσπομένη |
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n | σπόμενον, ἑσπόμενον |
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Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
[edit]References
[edit]- ^ Beekes, Robert S. P. (2010) “ἕπω 1”, in Etymological Dictionary of Greek (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 10), volume I, with the assistance of Lucien van Beek, Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 448
Further reading
[edit]- “ἕπω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἕπω”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- ἕπω in Bailly, Anatole (1935) Le Grand Bailly: Dictionnaire grec-français, Paris: Hachette