ἔτλην
Appearance
Ancient Greek
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Proto-Indo-European *telh₂- (“endure”). Related to τάλαντον (tálanton, “(measuring) scale, talent”) and possibly to Ἄτλᾱς (Átlās); also to Latin tolerō and Old English þolian.
Pronunciation
[edit]- (5th BCE Attic) IPA(key): /é.tlɛːn/
- (1st CE Egyptian) IPA(key): /ˈe.tle̝n/
- (4th CE Koine) IPA(key): /ˈe.tlin/
- (10th CE Byzantine) IPA(key): /ˈe.tlin/
- (15th CE Constantinopolitan) IPA(key): /ˈe.tlin/
Verb
[edit]ἔτλην • (étlēn)
- (poetic) to suffer, undergo; endure, be patient, submit (sometimes with accusative)
- (poetic) to bring oneself to do something contrary to one's inclination or feelings, good or bad: dare, venture, have the courage, have the cruelty to do (with infinitive, accusative or participle)
Usage notes
[edit]Perfect τέτληκα (tétlēka) frequently has present meaning. The present form *τλάω (*tláō) found in some dictionaries is not actually attested.
ἔτλην is used in poetry, τολμάω (tolmáō) in prose.
Inflection
[edit] Aorist: ἔτλην
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἔτλην | ἔτλης | ἔτλη | ἔτλητον | ἐτλήτην | ἔτλημεν | ἔτλητε | ἔτλησᾰν | ||||
subjunctive | τλῶ | τλῇς | τλῇ | τλῆτον | τλῆτον | τλῶμεν | τλῆτε | τλῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | τλαίην | τλαίης | τλαίη | τλαῖτον, τλαίητον |
τλαίτην, τλαιήτην |
τλαῖμεν, τλαίημεν |
τλαῖτε, τλαίητε |
τλαῖεν, τλαίησᾰν | |||||
imperative | τλῆθῐ | τλήτω | τλῆτον | τλήτων | τλῆτε | τλᾰ́ντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | τλῆναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | τλᾱ́ς | |||||||||||
f | τλᾶσᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | τλᾰ́ν | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: τλήσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | τλήσομαι | τλήσῃ, τλήσει |
τλήσεται | τλήσεσθον | τλήσεσθον | τλησόμεθᾰ | τλήσεσθε | τλήσονται | ||||
optative | τλησοίμην | τλήσοιο | τλήσοιτο | τλήσοισθον | τλησοίσθην | τλησοίμεθᾰ | τλήσοισθε | τλήσοιντο | |||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | τλήσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | τλησόμενος | |||||||||||
f | τλησομένη | ||||||||||||
n | τλησόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: τλάσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | τλάσομαι | τλάσῃ, τλάσει |
τλάσεται | τλάσεσθον | τλάσεσθον | τλασόμεθᾰ | τλάσεσθε | τλάσονται | ||||
optative | τλασοίμην | τλάσοιο | τλάσοιτο | τλάσοισθον | τλασοίσθην | τλασοίμεθᾰ | τλάσοισθε | τλάσοιντο | |||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | τλάσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | τλασόμενος | |||||||||||
f | τλασομένη | ||||||||||||
n | τλασόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Future: ταλάσσομαι
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
middle | indicative | ταλάσσομαι | ταλάσσῃ, ταλάσσει |
ταλάσσεται | ταλάσσεσθον | ταλάσσεσθον | ταλασσόμεθᾰ | ταλάσσεσθε | ταλάσσονται | ||||
optative | ταλασσοίμην | ταλάσσοιο | ταλάσσοιτο | ταλάσσοισθον | ταλασσοίσθην | ταλασσοίμεθᾰ | ταλάσσοισθε | ταλάσσοιντο | |||||
middle | |||||||||||||
infinitive | ταλάσσεσθαι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | ταλασσόμενος | |||||||||||
f | ταλασσομένη | ||||||||||||
n | ταλασσόμενον | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Perfect: τέτληκᾰ
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | τέτληκᾰ | τέτληκᾰς | τέτληκε(ν) | τετλήκᾰτον | τετλήκᾰτον | τετλήκᾰμεν | τετλήκᾰτε | τετλήκᾱσῐ(ν) | ||||
subjunctive | τετλήκω | τετλήκῃς | τετλήκῃ | τετλήκητον | τετλήκητον | τετλήκωμεν | τετλήκητε | τετλήκωσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | τετλήκοιμῐ, τετληκοίην |
τετλήκοις, τετληκοίης |
τετλήκοι, τετληκοίη |
τετλήκοιτον | τετληκοίτην | τετλήκοιμεν | τετλήκοιτε | τετλήκοιεν | |||||
imperative | τέτληκε | τετληκέτω | τετλήκετον | τετληκέτων | τετλήκετε | τετληκόντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | τετληκέναι | ||||||||||||
participle | m | τετληκώς | |||||||||||
f | τετληκυῖᾰ | ||||||||||||
n | τετληκός | ||||||||||||
Notes: | This table gives Attic inflectional endings. For conjugation in dialects other than Attic, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | τέτλᾰτον | τέτλᾰτον | τέτλᾰμεν | τέτλᾰτε | τετλᾶσῐ(ν) | |||||||
subjunctive | τετλῶ, τετλῶμῐ |
τετλῇς, τετλῇσθᾰ |
τετλῇ, τετλῇσῐ |
τετλῆτον | τετλῆτον | τετλῶμεν | τετλῆτε | τετλῶσῐ(ν) | |||||
optative | τετλαίην | τετλαίης | τετλαίη | τετλαῖτον | τετλαίτην | τετλαῖμεν | τετλαῖτε | τετλαῖεν | |||||
imperative | τετλᾰ́θι | τετλᾰ́τω | τέτλᾰτον | τετλᾰ́των | τέτλᾰτε | τετλᾰ́ντων | |||||||
active | |||||||||||||
infinitive | τετλάναι, τετλάμεν(αι) |
||||||||||||
participle | m | τετληώς | |||||||||||
f | τετληυῖα | ||||||||||||
n | τετληός | ||||||||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
number | singular | dual | plural | ||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
first | second | third | second | third | first | second | third | ||||||
active | indicative | ἐτέτλᾰτον | ἐτετλᾰ́την | ἐτέτλᾰμεν | ἐτέτλᾰτε | ἐτέτλᾰσᾰν | |||||||
Notes: | Dialects other than Attic are not well attested. Some forms are based on conjecture. Use with caution. For more details, see Appendix:Ancient Greek dialectal conjugation.
|
Derived terms
[edit]- ταλαύρῑνος (talaúrīnos)
References
[edit]- “τλάω”, in Liddell & Scott (1940) A Greek–English Lexicon, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “ἔτλην”, in Autenrieth, Georg (1891) A Homeric Dictionary for Schools and Colleges, New York: Harper and Brothers
- τλάω in Cunliffe, Richard J. (1924) A Lexicon of the Homeric Dialect: Expanded Edition, Norman: University of Oklahoma Press, published 1963