ḥꜣj

See also: hꜣj and ḫꜣj

Egyptian

Etymology 1

ḥꜣ (“behind, around”) +‎ -j (“nisba ending”).

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /hɑi/
  • Conventional anglicization: hai

Adjective

1. surrounding

Inflection

Declension of ḥꜣj (nisba adjective)

	masculine	feminine
singular	ḥꜣj	ḥꜣt
dual	ḥꜣjwj, ḥꜣwj	ḥꜣtj
plural	ḥꜣjw, ḥꜣw	ḥꜣwt1, ḥꜣt2
Archaic in Middle Egyptian when modifying a noun. From Middle Egyptian, this feminine singular form was generally used for the plural. In Late Egyptian, the masculine singular form was used with all nouns.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• (modern Egyptological) IPA^(key): /hɑi/
  • Conventional anglicization: hai

Verb

 3ae inf.

1. (intransitive) to be(come) naked

Inflection

Conjugation of ḥꜣj (third weak / 3ae inf. / III. inf.) — base stem: ḥꜣ

infinitival forms			imperative
infinitive	negatival complement	complementary infinitive1	singular	plural
ḥꜣt, ḥꜣj	ḥꜣw, ḥꜣ	ḥꜣt, ḥꜣwt, ḥꜣyt	ḥꜣ	ḥꜣ, ḥꜣy

‘pseudoverbal’ forms
stative stem	periphrastic imperfective2		periphrastic prospective2
ḥꜣ8	ḥr ḥꜣt, ḥr ḥꜣj	m ḥꜣt, m ḥꜣj	r ḥꜣt, r ḥꜣj

suffix conjugation
aspect / mood	active	contingent
		aspect / mood	active
perfect	ḥꜣ.n	consecutive	ḥꜣ.jn
terminative	ḥꜣt, ḥꜣyt
perfective3	ḥꜣ	obligative1	ḥꜣ.ḫr
imperfective	ḥꜣ, ḥꜣy
prospective3	ḥꜣw, ḥꜣ, ḥꜣy	potentialis1	ḥꜣ.kꜣ
subjunctive	ḥꜣ, ḥꜣy

verbal adjectives
aspect / mood	relative (incl. nominal / emphatic) forms	participles
	active	active	passive
perfect	ḥꜣ.n	—	—
perfective	ḥꜣw1, ḥꜣy, ḥꜣ	ḥꜣ	ḥꜣy, ḥꜣ
imperfective	ḥꜣ, ḥꜣy, ḥꜣw5	ḥꜣ, ḥꜣj6, ḥꜣy6	ḥꜣ, ḥꜣw5
prospective	ḥꜣw1, ḥꜣy, ḥꜣ, ḥꜣtj7	ḥꜣwtj1 4, ḥꜣtj4, ḥꜣt4
Used in Old Egyptian; archaic by Middle Egyptian. Used mostly since Middle Egyptian. Archaic or greatly restricted in usage by Middle Egyptian. The perfect has mostly taken over the functions of the perfective, and the subjunctive and periphrastic prospective have mostly replaced the prospective. Declines using third-person suffix pronouns instead of adjectival endings: masculine .f/.fj, feminine .s/.sj, dual .sn/.snj, plural .sn. Only in the masculine singular. Only in the masculine. Only in the feminine. Third-person masculine statives of this class often have a final -y instead of the expected stative ending.

References

• James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 36, 91.