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თოკი

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary

Georgian

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Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Uncertain. Proto-Georgian-Zan *toḳ- is reconstructible, compare Mingrelian თოკი (toḳi) and Laz თოკი (toǩi), თოჭი (toç̌i), (მ)თუკი ((m)tuǩi), თიჭი (tiç̌i). For Laz vocalism compare the Zan descendants of Proto-Georgian-Zan *kor-. Mainstream Kartvelian literature is seemingly unaware of this root however.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [tʰokʼi]
  • Hyphenation: თო‧კი

Noun

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თოკი (toḳi) (plural თოკები)

  1. rope, cord

Inflection

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Declension of თოკი (see Georgian declension)
singular plural archaic plural
nominative თოკი (toḳi) თოკები (toḳebi) თოკნი (toḳni)
ergative თოკმა (toḳma) თოკებმა (toḳebma) თოკთ(ა) (toḳt(a))
dative თოკს(ა) (toḳs(a)) თოკებს(ა) (toḳebs(a)) თოკთ(ა) (toḳt(a))
genitive თოკის(ა) (toḳis(a)) თოკების(ა) (toḳebis(a)) თოკთ(ა) (toḳt(a))
instrumental თოკით(ა) (toḳit(a)) თოკებით(ა) (toḳebit(a))
adverbial თოკად(ა) (toḳad(a)) თოკებად(ა) (toḳebad(a))
vocative თოკო (toḳo) თოკებო (toḳebo) თოკნო (toḳno)
Notes: archaic plurals might not exist.
Postpositional inflection of თოკი (see Georgian postpositions)
postpositions taking a dative case singular plural
-ზე (-ze, on) თოკზე (toḳze) თოკებზე (toḳebze)
-თან (-tan, near) თოკთან (toḳtan) თოკებთან (toḳebtan)
-ში (-ši, in) თოკში (toḳši) თოკებში (toḳebši)
-ვით (-vit, like) თოკივით (toḳivit) თოკებივით (toḳebivit)
postpositions taking a genitive case singular plural
-თვის (-tvis, for) თოკისთვის (toḳistvis) თოკებისთვის (toḳebistvis)
-ებრ (-ebr, like) თოკისებრ (toḳisebr) თოკებისებრ (toḳebisebr)
-კენ (-ḳen, towards) თოკისკენ (toḳisḳen) თოკებისკენ (toḳebisḳen)
-გან (-gan, from/of) თოკისგან (toḳisgan) თოკებისგან (toḳebisgan)
postpositions taking an instrumental case singular plural
-დან (-dan, from/since) თოკიდან (toḳidan) თოკებიდან (toḳebidan)
-ურთ (-urt, together with) თოკითურთ (toḳiturt) თოკებითურთ (toḳebiturt)
postpositions taking an adverbial case singular plural
-მდე (-mde, up to) თოკამდე (toḳamde) თოკებამდე (toḳebamde)

Descendants

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  • Armenian: թոկ (tʻok)
  • Bats: თოკ (toḳ)
  • Bezhta: токӏи (tokʼi)
  • Hunzib: токӏи (toḳi)
  • Svan: თა̈კუ̂ (täḳû)

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Marr, N. (1911) “Дневник поездки в Шавшетию и Кларджетию [Diary of the trip to Shavsheti and Klarjeti]”, in Тексты и разыскания по армяно-грузинской филологии. Книга VII. Георгий Мерчуле. Житие Св. Григория Хандзтийского (Издания Факультета восточных языков Императорского С.-Петербургского университета; 5)‎[1] (in Russian), Saint Petersburg: Academy Press, page 82a
  2. ^ Ɣlonṭi, Aleksandre (1974) “თოკვი”, in Kartul ḳilo-tkmata siṭq̇vis ḳona [Dictionary of dialectal Georgian words]‎[2] (in Georgian), volume I, Tbilisi: Academy Press, page 250b

Further reading

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  • Čikobava, Arnold et al., editors (1950–1964), “თოკი”, in Kartuli enis ganmarṭebiti leksiḳoni [Explanatory Dictionary of the Georgian language] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Academy Press
  • Orbeliani, Sulxan-Saba (1685–1716) “თოკი”, in S. Iordanišvili, editor, Siṭq̇vis ḳona kartuli, romel ars leksiḳoni [Collection of Georgian words, that is a dictionary]‎[3], Tbilisi: Georgian SSR print, published 1949, page 244b
  • Klimov, G. A., Xalilov, M. Š. (2003) Словарь кавказских языков. Сопоставление основной лексики [Dictionary of Caucasian Languages. A comparison of the Basic Vocabulary] (in Russian), Moscow: Vostochnaya Literatura, →ISBN, page 134
  • Kiria, Č̣abuḳi, Ezugbaia, Lali, Memišiši, Omar, Čuxua, Merab (2015) Lazur-megruli gramaṭiḳa [Laz–Mingrelian Grammar] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Gamomcemloba Meridiani, page 796

Mingrelian

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Etymology

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See Georgian თოკი (toḳi).

Noun

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თოკი (toḳi) (plural თოკეფი)

  1. rope, cord
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Further reading

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  • Kajaia, Otar (2005) “თოკი”, in Megrul-kartuli leksiḳoni [Mingrelian–Georgian Dictionary], online version prepared by Joost Gippert, Frankfurt am Main, published 2001–2004, page 603
  • Kiria, Č̣abuḳi, Ezugbaia, Lali, Memišiši, Omar, Čuxua, Merab (2015) Lazur-megruli gramaṭiḳa [Laz–Mingrelian Grammar] (in Georgian), Tbilisi: Gamomcemloba Meridiani, page 796
  • Kobalia, Alio (2010) “თოკი”, in Merab Čuxua, Nona Kobalia, Nana Kobalia, editors, Megruli leksiḳoni [Mingrelian Dictionary] (Ḳolxuri seria; 7)‎[4], online version prepared by Manana Buḳia, Tbilisi: Artanuji, →ISBN
  • Pipia, Daniel (2008) “თოკი”, in Tamaz Pipia, Givi Boǯgua, editors, Megruli saleksiḳono masalebi [Megrelian dictionary materials] (Ḳolxuri seria; 3)‎[5], online version prepared by Manana Buḳia, Tbilisi: Artanuji, →ISBN