शैव

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• শৈৱ (Assamese script)
• ᬰᬿᬯ (Balinese script)
• শৈব (Bengali script)
• 𑰫𑰹𑰪 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀰𑁃𑀯 (Brahmi script)
• ၐဲဝ (Burmese script)
• શૈવ (Gujarati script)
• ਸ਼ੈਵ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌶𑍈𑌵 (Grantha script)
• ꦯꦻꦮ (Javanese script)
• 𑂬𑂶𑂫 (Kaithi script)
• ಶೈವ (Kannada script)
• ឝៃវ (Khmer script)
• ໄຨວ (Lao script)
• ശൈവ (Malayalam script)
• ᡧᠠᡳᠸᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘫𑘺𑘪 (Modi script)
• ᠱᠧᠧᠸᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧋𑧛𑧊 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐱𑐿𑐰 (Newa script)
• ଶୈଵ (Odia script)
• ꢯꣀꢮ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆯𑆽𑆮 (Sharada script)
• 𑖫𑖹𑖪 (Siddham script)
• ශෛව (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩿𑩗𑩾 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚧𑚳𑚦 (Takri script)
• ஶைவ (Tamil script)
• శైవ (Telugu script)
• ไศว (Thai script)
• ཤཻ་ཝ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒬𑒻𑒫 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨮𑨇𑨭 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Vṛddhi derivative of शिव (śivá).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕɑːj.ʋɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɕɑj.ʋɐ/

Adjective

शैव • (śaiva) stem

1. relating to, belonging to, or sacred to Shiva

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शैव (śaiva)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शैवः śaivaḥ	शैवौ / शैवा¹ śaivau / śaivā¹	शैवाः / शैवासः¹ śaivāḥ / śaivāsaḥ¹
Vocative	शैव śaiva	शैवौ / शैवा¹ śaivau / śaivā¹	शैवाः / शैवासः¹ śaivāḥ / śaivāsaḥ¹
Accusative	शैवम् śaivam	शैवौ / शैवा¹ śaivau / śaivā¹	शैवान् śaivān
Instrumental	शैवेन śaivena	शैवाभ्याम् śaivābhyām	शैवैः / शैवेभिः¹ śaivaiḥ / śaivebhiḥ¹
Dative	शैवाय śaivāya	शैवाभ्याम् śaivābhyām	शैवेभ्यः śaivebhyaḥ
Ablative	शैवात् śaivāt	शैवाभ्याम् śaivābhyām	शैवेभ्यः śaivebhyaḥ
Genitive	शैवस्य śaivasya	शैवयोः śaivayoḥ	शैवानाम् śaivānām
Locative	शैवे śaive	शैवयोः śaivayoḥ	शैवेषु śaiveṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ī-stem declension of शैवी (śaivī)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शैवी śaivī	शैव्यौ / शैवी¹ śaivyau / śaivī¹	शैव्यः / शैवीः¹ śaivyaḥ / śaivīḥ¹
Vocative	शैवि śaivi	शैव्यौ / शैवी¹ śaivyau / śaivī¹	शैव्यः / शैवीः¹ śaivyaḥ / śaivīḥ¹
Accusative	शैवीम् śaivīm	शैव्यौ / शैवी¹ śaivyau / śaivī¹	शैवीः śaivīḥ
Instrumental	शैव्या śaivyā	शैवीभ्याम् śaivībhyām	शैवीभिः śaivībhiḥ
Dative	शैव्यै śaivyai	शैवीभ्याम् śaivībhyām	शैवीभ्यः śaivībhyaḥ
Ablative	शैव्याः / शैव्यै² śaivyāḥ / śaivyai²	शैवीभ्याम् śaivībhyām	शैवीभ्यः śaivībhyaḥ
Genitive	शैव्याः / शैव्यै² śaivyāḥ / śaivyai²	शैव्योः śaivyoḥ	शैवीनाम् śaivīnām
Locative	शैव्याम् śaivyām	शैव्योः śaivyoḥ	शैवीषु śaivīṣu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of शैव (śaiva)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शैवम् śaivam	शैवे śaive	शैवानि / शैवा¹ śaivāni / śaivā¹
Vocative	शैव śaiva	शैवे śaive	शैवानि / शैवा¹ śaivāni / śaivā¹
Accusative	शैवम् śaivam	शैवे śaive	शैवानि / शैवा¹ śaivāni / śaivā¹
Instrumental	शैवेन śaivena	शैवाभ्याम् śaivābhyām	शैवैः / शैवेभिः¹ śaivaiḥ / śaivebhiḥ¹
Dative	शैवाय śaivāya	शैवाभ्याम् śaivābhyām	शैवेभ्यः śaivebhyaḥ
Ablative	शैवात् śaivāt	शैवाभ्याम् śaivābhyām	शैवेभ्यः śaivebhyaḥ
Genitive	शैवस्य śaivasya	शैवयोः śaivayoḥ	शैवानाम् śaivānām
Locative	शैवे śaive	शैवयोः śaivayoḥ	शैवेषु śaiveṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

शैव • (śaiva) stem, m

1. a worshipper of Shiva, a follower of Shaivism

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शैव (śaiva)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	शैवः śaivaḥ	शैवौ śaivau	शैवाः śaivāḥ
Vocative	शैव śaiva	शैवौ śaivau	शैवाः śaivāḥ
Accusative	शैवम् śaivam	शैवौ śaivau	शैवान् śaivān
Instrumental	शैवेन śaivena	शैवाभ्याम् śaivābhyām	शैवैः śaivaiḥ
Dative	शैवाय śaivāya	शैवाभ्याम् śaivābhyām	शैवेभ्यः śaivebhyaḥ
Ablative	शैवात् śaivāt	शैवाभ्याम् śaivābhyām	शैवेभ्यः śaivebhyaḥ
Genitive	शैवस्य śaivasya	शैवयोः śaivayoḥ	शैवानाम् śaivānām
Locative	शैवे śaive	शैवयोः śaivayoḥ	शैवेषु śaiveṣu

Descendants

• → Assamese: শৈব (xoibo)
• → Bengali: শৈব (śōib)
• → English: Saiva
  • ⇒ English: Saivite, Shaivist, Shaivism
• → Gujarati: શૈવ (śaiv)
• → Hindi: शैव (śaiv)
• → Kannada: ಶೈವ (śaiva)
• → Old Marathi:

  Devanagari script: शैव (śaiva)

  Modi script: 𑘫𑘺𑘪 (śaiva)

  • → Marathi: शैव (śaiv)
• → Punjabi: ਸ਼ੈਵ (śaiv)
• → Sinhalese: ශෛව (śaiwa)
• → Tamil: சைவ (caiva)
• ⇒ Telugu: శైవము (śaivamu), Telugu: శైవుడు (śaivuḍu)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “शैव”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1090, column 2.