शारीर

Sanskrit

FWOTD – 13 August 2024

Alternative scripts

শাৰীৰ (Assamese script)
ᬰᬵᬭᬷᬭ (Balinese script)
শারীর (Bengali script)
𑰫𑰯𑰨𑰱𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀰𑀸𑀭𑀻𑀭 (Brahmi script)
ၐာရီရ (Burmese script)
શારીર (Gujarati script)
ਸ਼ਾਰੀਰ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌶𑌾𑌰𑍀𑌰 (Grantha script)
ꦯꦴꦫꦷꦫ (Javanese script)
𑂬𑂰𑂩𑂲𑂩 (Kaithi script)
ಶಾರೀರ (Kannada script)
ឝារីរ (Khmer script)
ຨາຣີຣ (Lao script)
ശാരീര (Malayalam script)
ᡧᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡵᡳᡳᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
𑘫𑘰𑘨𑘲𑘨 (Modi script)
ᠱᠠᢗᠷᠢᠢᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
𑧋𑧑𑧈𑧓𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
𑐱𑐵𑐬𑐷𑐬 (Newa script)
ଶାରୀର (Odia script)
ꢯꢵꢬꢷꢬ (Saurashtra script)
𑆯𑆳𑆫𑆵𑆫 (Sharada script)
𑖫𑖯𑖨𑖱𑖨 (Siddham script)
ශාරීර (Sinhalese script)
𑩿𑩛𑩼𑩑𑩛𑩼 (Soyombo script)
𑚧𑚭𑚤𑚯𑚤 (Takri script)
ஶாரீர (Tamil script)
శారీర (Telugu script)
ศารีร (Thai script)
ཤཱ་རཱི་ར (Tibetan script)
𑒬𑒰𑒩𑒲𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
𑨮𑨊𑨫𑨁𑨊𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Vṛddhi derivative of शरीर (śárīra).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɕɑː.ɾiː.ɾɐ́/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɕɑː.ɾiː.ɾɐ/

Adjective

शारीर • (śārīrá) stem

bodily, corporal, physical
- c. 700 BCE, Śatapatha Brāhmaṇa
- c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa 2.16.12:
  विवर्णवदनो दीनो न हि मामभिभाषते ।
  शारीरो मानसो वापि कच्चिदेनं न बाधते ।
  संतापो वाभितापो वा दुर्लभं हि सदा सुखम् ॥
  vivarṇavadano dīno na hi māmabhibhāṣate.
  śārīro mānaso vāpi kaccidenaṃ na bādhate.
  saṃtāpo vābhitāpo vā durlabhaṃ hi sadā sukham.
  Pale-faced and depressed, he does not talk to me. Is he subject to any physical or mental distress? Eternal happiness is indeed very rare.
(rare) made of bones
- c. 600 BCE – 600 CE, Suśruta, Suśruta Saṃhitā
incorporate, embodied

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of शारीर
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शारीरः (śārīráḥ)	शारीरौ (śārīraú) शारीरा¹ (śārīrā́¹)	शारीराः (śārīrā́ḥ) शारीरासः¹ (śārīrā́saḥ¹)
vocative	शारीर (śā́rīra)	शारीरौ (śā́rīrau) शारीरा¹ (śā́rīrā¹)	शारीराः (śā́rīrāḥ) शारीरासः¹ (śā́rīrāsaḥ¹)
accusative	शारीरम् (śārīrám)	शारीरौ (śārīraú) शारीरा¹ (śārīrā́¹)	शारीरान् (śārīrā́n)
instrumental	शारीरेण (śārīréṇa)	शारीराभ्याम् (śārīrā́bhyām)	शारीरैः (śārīraíḥ) शारीरेभिः¹ (śārīrébhiḥ¹)
dative	शारीराय (śārīrā́ya)	शारीराभ्याम् (śārīrā́bhyām)	शारीरेभ्यः (śārīrébhyaḥ)
ablative	शारीरात् (śārīrā́t)	शारीराभ्याम् (śārīrā́bhyām)	शारीरेभ्यः (śārīrébhyaḥ)
genitive	शारीरस्य (śārīrásya)	शारीरयोः (śārīráyoḥ)	शारीराणाम् (śārīrā́ṇām)
locative	शारीरे (śārīré)	शारीरयोः (śārīráyoḥ)	शारीरेषु (śārīréṣu)

¹Vedic

Feminine ī-stem declension of शारीरी
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शारीरी (śārīrī́)	शारीर्यौ (śārīryaù) शारीरी¹ (śārīrī́¹)	शारीर्यः (śārīryàḥ) शारीरीः¹ (śārīrī́ḥ¹)
vocative	शारीरि (śā́rīri)	शारीर्यौ (śā́rīryau) शारीरी¹ (śā́rīrī¹)	शारीर्यः (śā́rīryaḥ) शारीरीः¹ (śā́rīrīḥ¹)
accusative	शारीरीम् (śārīrī́m)	शारीर्यौ (śārīryaù) शारीरी¹ (śārīrī́¹)	शारीरीः (śārīrī́ḥ)
instrumental	शारीर्या (śārīryā́)	शारीरीभ्याम् (śārīrī́bhyām)	शारीरीभिः (śārīrī́bhiḥ)
dative	शारीर्यै (śārīryaí)	शारीरीभ्याम् (śārīrī́bhyām)	शारीरीभ्यः (śārīrī́bhyaḥ)
ablative	शारीर्याः (śārīryā́ḥ) शारीर्यै² (śārīryaí²)	शारीरीभ्याम् (śārīrī́bhyām)	शारीरीभ्यः (śārīrī́bhyaḥ)
genitive	शारीर्याः (śārīryā́ḥ) शारीर्यै² (śārīryaí²)	शारीर्योः (śārīryóḥ)	शारीरीणाम् (śārīrī́ṇām)
locative	शारीर्याम् (śārīryā́m)	शारीर्योः (śārīryóḥ)	शारीरीषु (śārīrī́ṣu)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of शारीर
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शारीरम् (śārīrám)	शारीरे (śārīré)	शारीराणि (śārīrā́ṇi) शारीरा¹ (śārīrā́¹)
vocative	शारीर (śā́rīra)	शारीरे (śā́rīre)	शारीराणि (śā́rīrāṇi) शारीरा¹ (śā́rīrā¹)
accusative	शारीरम् (śārīrám)	शारीरे (śārīré)	शारीराणि (śārīrā́ṇi) शारीरा¹ (śārīrā́¹)
instrumental	शारीरेण (śārīréṇa)	शारीराभ्याम् (śārīrā́bhyām)	शारीरैः (śārīraíḥ) शारीरेभिः¹ (śārīrébhiḥ¹)
dative	शारीराय (śārīrā́ya)	शारीराभ्याम् (śārīrā́bhyām)	शारीरेभ्यः (śārīrébhyaḥ)
ablative	शारीरात् (śārīrā́t)	शारीराभ्याम् (śārīrā́bhyām)	शारीरेभ्यः (śārīrébhyaḥ)
genitive	शारीरस्य (śārīrásya)	शारीरयोः (śārīráyoḥ)	शारीराणाम् (śārīrā́ṇām)
locative	शारीरे (śārīré)	शारीरयोः (śārīráyoḥ)	शारीरेषु (śārīréṣu)

¹Vedic

Descendants

Prakrit: 𑀲𑀸𑀭𑀻𑀭 (sārīra)

Noun

शारीर • (śārīra) stem, n

bodily constitution; physical makeup
- c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
anatomy; science of the body
- c. 600 BCE – 600 CE, Suśruta, Suśruta Saṃhitā
faeces, excrement
- c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti 11.203:
  विनाद्भिरप्सु वाप्यार्तः शारीरं संनिवेश्य च ।
  सचैलो बहिराप्लुत्य गामालभ्य विशुध्यति ॥
  vinādbhirapsu vāpyārtaḥ śārīraṃ saṃniveśya ca.
  sacailo bahirāplutya gāmālabhya viśudhyati.
  He who has relieved himself of excrement, being greatly pressed, either without using water or in water, becomes pure by bathing outside (the village) in his clothes and by touching a cow.
the embodied soul or spirit

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of शारीर
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	शारीरम् (śārīrám)	शारीरे (śārīré)	शारीराणि (śārīrā́ṇi) शारीरा¹ (śārīrā́¹)
vocative	शारीर (śā́rīra)	शारीरे (śā́rīre)	शारीराणि (śā́rīrāṇi) शारीरा¹ (śā́rīrā¹)
accusative	शारीरम् (śārīrám)	शारीरे (śārīré)	शारीराणि (śārīrā́ṇi) शारीरा¹ (śārīrā́¹)
instrumental	शारीरेण (śārīréṇa)	शारीराभ्याम् (śārīrā́bhyām)	शारीरैः (śārīraíḥ) शारीरेभिः¹ (śārīrébhiḥ¹)
dative	शारीराय (śārīrā́ya)	शारीराभ्याम् (śārīrā́bhyām)	शारीरेभ्यः (śārīrébhyaḥ)
ablative	शारीरात् (śārīrā́t)	शारीराभ्याम् (śārīrā́bhyām)	शारीरेभ्यः (śārīrébhyaḥ)
genitive	शारीरस्य (śārīrásya)	शारीरयोः (śārīráyoḥ)	शारीराणाम् (śārīrā́ṇām)
locative	शारीरे (śārīré)	शारीरयोः (śārīráyoḥ)	शारीरेषु (śārīréṣu)

¹Vedic

References

Monier Williams (1899) “शारीर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 1066, column 2.
Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “śārīra”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “शारीर”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 1546
Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “शारीर”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press, page 312