विद्यमान

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit विद्यमान (vidyamāna).

Pronunciation

(Delhi) IPA^(key): /ʋɪd̪.jə.mɑːn/, [ʋɪd̪.jɐ.mä̃ːn]

Adjective

विद्यमान • (vidyamān) (indeclinable)

existent, extant, present
- 1988, भारत एक खोज [bhārat ek khoj] (television production), via DD National:
  वह था हिरण्यगर्भ सृष्टि से पहले विद्यमान
  वही तो सारे भूत जात का स्वामी महान
  जो है अस्तित्वमान धरती-आसमान धारण कर
  ऐसे किस देवता की उपासना करें हम हवि देकर
  vah thā hiraṇyagarbh sŕṣṭi se pahle vidyamān
  vahī to sāre bhūt jāt kā svāmī mahān
  jo hai astitvamān dhartī-āsmān dhāraṇ kar
  aise kis devtā kī upāsnā karẽ ham havi dekar
  [original: हिरण्यगर्भस् सम् अवर्तताग्रे भूतस्य जातः पतिर् एक आसीत् । स दाधार पृथिवीं द्याम् उतेमां कस्मै देवाय हविषा विधेम ॥]
  hiraṇyagarbhas sam avartatāgre bhūtasya jātaḥ patir eka āsīt. sa dādhāra pṛthivīṃ dyām utemāṃ kasmai devāya haviṣā vidhema.
  He was Hiraṇyagarbha, existent before the creation
  The great Lord of all created beings
  The existent one holding up the Earth and the Sky
  Which such God shall we venerate by giving oblations

References

Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “विद्यमान”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha, page 4480
Caturvedi, Mahendra, Bhola Nath Tiwari (1970) “विद्यमान”, in A practical Hindi-English dictionary, Delhi: National Publishing House, page 705
McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “विद्यमान”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 921

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Etymology

From the stem of विद्यते (vidyate, “to exist”) +‎ -मान (-māna).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /ʋid.jɐ.mɑː.nɐ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ʋid̪.jɐ.mɑː.n̪ɐ/

Adjective

विद्यमान • (vidyamāna) stem

passive present participle of विद् (vid, “to find; feel, experience”): being found, being felt or experienced; existent, extant, present; real, actual
- c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti 4.15:
  नैहेतार्थान् प्रसङ्गेन न विरुद्धेन कर्मणा ।
  न विद्यमानेष्व् अर्थेषु नार्त्याम् अपि यतस् ततः ॥
  naihetārthān prasaṅgena na viruddhena karmaṇā.
  na vidyamāneṣv artheṣu nārtyām api yatas tataḥ.
  One must never try to obtain wealth by illicit pursuits or evil acts;
  In both cases, when wealth is existent and also when in misery.
- c. 700 CE – 900 CE, Bhāgavata Purāṇa 8.11.47:
  तत्राविनष्टावयवान् विद्यमानशिरोधरान् ।
  उशना जीवयामास संजीवन्या स्वविद्यया ॥
  tatrāvinaṣṭāvayavān vidyamānaśirodharān.
  uśanā jīvayāmāsa saṃjīvanyā svavidyayā.
  There, Śukra, by his skill of reviving the dead, brought back to life the demons whose body parts were not destroyed and whose necks were still existing.

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of विद्यमान
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	विद्यमानः (vidyamānaḥ)	विद्यमानौ (vidyamānau) विद्यमाना¹ (vidyamānā¹)	विद्यमानाः (vidyamānāḥ) विद्यमानासः¹ (vidyamānāsaḥ¹)
vocative	विद्यमान (vidyamāna)	विद्यमानौ (vidyamānau) विद्यमाना¹ (vidyamānā¹)	विद्यमानाः (vidyamānāḥ) विद्यमानासः¹ (vidyamānāsaḥ¹)
accusative	विद्यमानम् (vidyamānam)	विद्यमानौ (vidyamānau) विद्यमाना¹ (vidyamānā¹)	विद्यमानान् (vidyamānān)
instrumental	विद्यमानेन (vidyamānena)	विद्यमानाभ्याम् (vidyamānābhyām)	विद्यमानैः (vidyamānaiḥ) विद्यमानेभिः¹ (vidyamānebhiḥ¹)
dative	विद्यमानाय (vidyamānāya)	विद्यमानाभ्याम् (vidyamānābhyām)	विद्यमानेभ्यः (vidyamānebhyaḥ)
ablative	विद्यमानात् (vidyamānāt)	विद्यमानाभ्याम् (vidyamānābhyām)	विद्यमानेभ्यः (vidyamānebhyaḥ)
genitive	विद्यमानस्य (vidyamānasya)	विद्यमानयोः (vidyamānayoḥ)	विद्यमानानाम् (vidyamānānām)
locative	विद्यमाने (vidyamāne)	विद्यमानयोः (vidyamānayoḥ)	विद्यमानेषु (vidyamāneṣu)

¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of विद्यमाना
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	विद्यमाना (vidyamānā)	विद्यमाने (vidyamāne)	विद्यमानाः (vidyamānāḥ)
vocative	विद्यमाने (vidyamāne)	विद्यमाने (vidyamāne)	विद्यमानाः (vidyamānāḥ)
accusative	विद्यमानाम् (vidyamānām)	विद्यमाने (vidyamāne)	विद्यमानाः (vidyamānāḥ)
instrumental	विद्यमानया (vidyamānayā) विद्यमाना¹ (vidyamānā¹)	विद्यमानाभ्याम् (vidyamānābhyām)	विद्यमानाभिः (vidyamānābhiḥ)
dative	विद्यमानायै (vidyamānāyai)	विद्यमानाभ्याम् (vidyamānābhyām)	विद्यमानाभ्यः (vidyamānābhyaḥ)
ablative	विद्यमानायाः (vidyamānāyāḥ) विद्यमानायै² (vidyamānāyai²)	विद्यमानाभ्याम् (vidyamānābhyām)	विद्यमानाभ्यः (vidyamānābhyaḥ)
genitive	विद्यमानायाः (vidyamānāyāḥ) विद्यमानायै² (vidyamānāyai²)	विद्यमानयोः (vidyamānayoḥ)	विद्यमानानाम् (vidyamānānām)
locative	विद्यमानायाम् (vidyamānāyām)	विद्यमानयोः (vidyamānayoḥ)	विद्यमानासु (vidyamānāsu)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of विद्यमान
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	विद्यमानम् (vidyamānam)	विद्यमाने (vidyamāne)	विद्यमानानि (vidyamānāni) विद्यमाना¹ (vidyamānā¹)
vocative	विद्यमान (vidyamāna)	विद्यमाने (vidyamāne)	विद्यमानानि (vidyamānāni) विद्यमाना¹ (vidyamānā¹)
accusative	विद्यमानम् (vidyamānam)	विद्यमाने (vidyamāne)	विद्यमानानि (vidyamānāni) विद्यमाना¹ (vidyamānā¹)
instrumental	विद्यमानेन (vidyamānena)	विद्यमानाभ्याम् (vidyamānābhyām)	विद्यमानैः (vidyamānaiḥ) विद्यमानेभिः¹ (vidyamānebhiḥ¹)
dative	विद्यमानाय (vidyamānāya)	विद्यमानाभ्याम् (vidyamānābhyām)	विद्यमानेभ्यः (vidyamānebhyaḥ)
ablative	विद्यमानात् (vidyamānāt)	विद्यमानाभ्याम् (vidyamānābhyām)	विद्यमानेभ्यः (vidyamānebhyaḥ)
genitive	विद्यमानस्य (vidyamānasya)	विद्यमानयोः (vidyamānayoḥ)	विद्यमानानाम् (vidyamānānām)
locative	विद्यमाने (vidyamāne)	विद्यमानयोः (vidyamānayoḥ)	विद्यमानेषु (vidyamāneṣu)

¹Vedic

Derived terms

Descendants

→ Bengali: বিদ্যমান (biddoman)
→ Gujarati: વિદ્યમાન (vidyamān)
→ Hindi: विद्यमान (vidyamān)
→ Marathi: विद्यमान (vidyamān)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “विद्यमान”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 965, column 1.
Hellwig, Oliver (2010–2025) “vid”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “विद्यमान”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 1440