रुद्राक्ष

Hindi

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *HrewdH-

Sanskrit रुद् (rud)

Sanskrit -र (-ra)

Sanskrit रु॒द्र (rudrá)

Sanskrit अ॒क्ष (akṣá)

Sanskrit रुद्राक्ष (rudrākṣa)bor.

Hindi रुद्राक्ष (rudrākṣ)

Borrowed from Sanskrit रुद्राक्ष (rudrākṣa).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɾʊd̪.ɾɑːkʂ/, [ɾʊd̪.ɾäːkʃ]

Noun

रुद्राक्ष • (rudrākṣ) m (Urdu spelling رُدراکش)

1. A tree used for rosaries and held sacred in Hinduism, the rudraksha, Elaeocarpus ganitrus

Declension

Declension of रुद्राक्ष (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	रुद्राक्ष rudrākṣ	रुद्राक्ष rudrākṣ
oblique	रुद्राक्ष rudrākṣ	रुद्राक्षों rudrākṣõ
vocative	रुद्राक्ष rudrākṣ	रुद्राक्षो rudrākṣo

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ৰুদ্ৰাক্ষ (Assamese script)
• ᬭᬸᬤ᭄ᬭᬵᬓ᭄ᬱ (Balinese script)
• রুদ্রাক্ষ (Bengali script)
• 𑰨𑰲𑰟𑰿𑰨𑰯𑰎𑰿𑰬 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀭𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀭𑀸𑀓𑁆𑀱 (Brahmi script)
• ရုဒြာက္ၑ (Burmese script)
• રુદ્રાક્ષ (Gujarati script)
• ਰੁਦ੍ਰਾਕ੍ਸ਼ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌰𑍁𑌦𑍍𑌰𑌾𑌕𑍍𑌷 (Grantha script)
• ꦫꦸꦢꦿꦴꦏ꧀ꦰ (Javanese script)
• 𑂩𑂳𑂠𑂹𑂩𑂰𑂍𑂹𑂭 (Kaithi script)
• ರುದ್ರಾಕ್ಷ (Kannada script)
• រុទ្រាក្ឞ (Khmer script)
• ຣຸທ຺ຣາກ຺ຩ (Lao script)
• രുദ്രാക്ഷ (Malayalam script)
• ᡵᡠᡩᡵᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᡬᢢᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘨𑘳𑘟𑘿𑘨𑘰𑘎𑘿𑘬 (Modi script)
• ᠷᠤᢑᠷᠠᢗᢉᢔᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧈𑧔𑦿𑧠𑧈𑧑𑦮𑧠𑧌 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐬𑐸𑐡𑑂𑐬𑐵𑐎𑑂𑐲 (Newa script)
• ରୁଦ୍ରାକ୍ଷ (Odia script)
• ꢬꢸꢣ꣄ꢬꢵꢒ꣄ꢰ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆫𑆶𑆢𑇀𑆫𑆳𑆑𑇀𑆰 (Sharada script)
• 𑖨𑖲𑖟𑖿𑖨𑖯𑖎𑖿𑖬 (Siddham script)
• රුද්‍රාක්‍ෂ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩼𑩒𑩭 𑪙𑩼𑩛𑩜 𑪙𑪀 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚤𑚰𑚛𑚶𑚤𑚭𑚊𑚶 (Takri script)
• ருத்³ராக்ஷ (Tamil script)
• రుద్రాక్ష (Telugu script)
• รุทฺรากฺษ (Thai script)
• རུ་དྲཱ་ཀྵ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒩𑒳𑒠𑓂𑒩𑒰𑒏𑓂𑒭 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨫𑨃𑨛𑩇𑨫𑨊𑨋𑩇𑨯 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *HrewdH-

Sanskrit रुद् (rud)

Sanskrit -र (-ra)

Sanskrit रु॒द्र (rudrá)

Sanskrit अ॒क्ष (akṣá)

Sanskrit रुद्राक्ष (rudrākṣa)

Compound of रु॒द्र (rudrá, “Shiva”) +‎ अ॒क्ष (akṣá, “die”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɾud.ɾɑːk.ʂɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ɾud̪.ɾɑːk.ʂɐ/

Noun

रुद्राक्ष • (rudrākṣa) stem, m

1. a tree used for rosaries and held sacred in Hinduism, the rudraksha, Elaeocarpus angustifolius

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of रुद्राक्ष

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	रुद्राक्षः (rudrākṣaḥ)	रुद्राक्षौ (rudrākṣau) रुद्राक्षा¹ (rudrākṣā¹)	रुद्राक्षाः (rudrākṣāḥ) रुद्राक्षासः¹ (rudrākṣāsaḥ¹)
vocative	रुद्राक्ष (rudrākṣa)	रुद्राक्षौ (rudrākṣau) रुद्राक्षा¹ (rudrākṣā¹)	रुद्राक्षाः (rudrākṣāḥ) रुद्राक्षासः¹ (rudrākṣāsaḥ¹)
accusative	रुद्राक्षम् (rudrākṣam)	रुद्राक्षौ (rudrākṣau) रुद्राक्षा¹ (rudrākṣā¹)	रुद्राक्षान् (rudrākṣān)
instrumental	रुद्राक्षेण (rudrākṣeṇa)	रुद्राक्षाभ्याम् (rudrākṣābhyām)	रुद्राक्षैः (rudrākṣaiḥ) रुद्राक्षेभिः¹ (rudrākṣebhiḥ¹)
dative	रुद्राक्षाय (rudrākṣāya)	रुद्राक्षाभ्याम् (rudrākṣābhyām)	रुद्राक्षेभ्यः (rudrākṣebhyaḥ)
ablative	रुद्राक्षात् (rudrākṣāt)	रुद्राक्षाभ्याम् (rudrākṣābhyām)	रुद्राक्षेभ्यः (rudrākṣebhyaḥ)
genitive	रुद्राक्षस्य (rudrākṣasya)	रुद्राक्षयोः (rudrākṣayoḥ)	रुद्राक्षाणाम् (rudrākṣāṇām)
locative	रुद्राक्षे (rudrākṣe)	रुद्राक्षयोः (rudrākṣayoḥ)	रुद्राक्षेषु (rudrākṣeṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Descendants

• Prakrit: 𑀭𑀼𑀤𑁆𑀤𑀓𑁆𑀔 (ruddakkha)

Borrowed terms

• → Assamese: ৰুদ্ৰাক্ষ (rudrakh)
• → Bengali: রুদ্রাক্ষ (rudrakkho)
• → Hindustani:
  • Hindi: रुद्राक्ष (rudrākṣ)
  • Urdu: رُدراکش
• → Kannada: ರುದ್ರಾಕ್ಷ (rudrākṣa) (learned)
• → Malayalam: രുദ്രാക്ഷം (rudrākṣaṁ) (learned)
• → Marathi: रुद्राक्ष (rudrākṣa) (learned)
• → Nepali: रुद्राक्ष (rudrākṣa) (learned)
• → Odia: ରୁଦ୍ରାକ୍ଷ (rudrāksha) (learned)
• → Punjabi:

  Gurmukhi script: ਰੁੱਦਰਾਖ (ruddarākh)

  Shahmukhi script: ردراکھ (rdrākh)

• → Tamil: உருத்திராக்கம் (uruttirākkam)
• → Telugu: రుద్రాక్షచెట్టు (rudrākṣaceṭṭu)

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “rudrākṣa”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 623