मृज्

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

मर्ज् (marj), मार्ज् (mārj), मृश् (mṛś)

Alternative scripts

মৃজ্ (Assamese script)
ᬫᬺᬚ᭄ (Balinese script)
মৃজ্ (Bengali script)
𑰦𑰴𑰕𑰿 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀫𑀾𑀚𑁆 (Brahmi script)
မၖဇ် (Burmese script)
મૃજ્ (Gujarati script)
ਮ੍ਰਜ੍ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌮𑍃𑌜𑍍 (Grantha script)
ꦩꦽꦗ꧀ (Javanese script)
𑂧𑃂𑂔𑂹 (Kaithi script)
ಮೃಜ್ (Kannada script)
ម្ឫជ៑ (Khmer script)
ມ຺ຣິຊ຺ (Lao script)
മൃജ് (Malayalam script)
ᠮᡵᡳᡯ (Manchu script)
𑘦𑘵𑘕𑘿 (Modi script)
ᠮᠷᠢᠽ (Mongolian script)
𑧆𑧖𑦵𑧠 (Nandinagari script)
𑐩𑐺𑐖𑑂 (Newa script)
ମୃଜ୍ (Odia script)
ꢪꢺꢙ꣄ (Saurashtra script)
𑆩𑆸𑆘𑇀 (Sharada script)
𑖦𑖴𑖕𑖿 (Siddham script)
මෘජ් (Sinhalese script)
𑩴𑩙𑩣 𑪙 (Soyombo script)
𑚢𑚑𑚶 (Takri script)
ம்ரிஜ் (Tamil script)
మృజ్ (Telugu script)
มฺฤชฺ (Thai script)
མྲྀ་ཛ྄ (Tibetan script)
𑒧𑒵𑒖𑓂 (Tirhuta script)
𑨢𑨼𑨉𑨥𑨴 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *h₃merǵ-

Sanskrit मृज् (mṛj)

Inherited from Proto-Indo-European *h₃merǵ- (“to wipe”). Cognate with Ancient Greek ὀμόργνῡμῐ (omórgnūmi, “to wipe”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /mr̩d͡ʑ/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /mr̩d͡ʑ/

Root

मृज् • (mṛj)

to wipe, rub, cleanse, polish
to purify, embellish, adorn

Derived terms

Primary Verbal Forms

मार्ष्टि (mā́rṣṭi, Present)
मृजति (mṛjáti, Present)
मार्जति (mā́rjati, Present)
मृञ्जत (mṛñjata, Vedic, third-person plural injunctive)
म्रक्ष्यते (mrakṣyáte, Future)
मार्क्ष्यते (mārkṣyáte, Future)
मार्जिष्यति (mārjiṣyáti, Future)
म्रष्टा (mraṣṭā́, Periphrastic Future)
मार्ष्टा (mārṣṭā́, Periphrastic Future)
मार्जिता (mārjitā́, Periphrastic Future)
अमार्क्षीत् (ámārkṣīt, Aorist)
अमार्जीत् (ámārjīt, Aorist)
अमृक्षत् (ámṛkṣat, Aorist)
ममार्ज (mamā́rja, Perfect)
मामार्ज (māmā́rja, Perfect)

Secondary Forms

मृज्यते (mṛjyáte, Passive)
अमार्जि (ámārji, Passive Aorist)
मर्जयति (marjáyati, Causative)
मार्जयति (mārjáyati, Causative)
अमीमृजत (ámīmṛjata, Causative Aorist)
अममार्जत् (ámamārjat, Causative Aorist)
मार्ज्यते (mārjyate, Passive of Causative)
मिमार्जिषति (mimārjiṣati, Desiderative)
मिमृक्षति (mimṛkṣati, Desiderative)
मर्मृजीति (marmṛjīti, Intensive)
मर्मृज्यते (marmṛjyate, Intensive)
मरीमृज्यते (marīmṛjyate, Intensive)

Non-Finite Forms

मृष्ट (mṛṣṭá, Past Participle)
मृजित (mṛjitá, Past Participle)
मार्जित (mārjitá, Past Participle)
मर्ष्टुम् (marṣṭum, Infinitive)
मार्ष्टुम् (mārṣṭum, Infinitive)
मार्जितुम् (mārjitum, Infinitive)
मृजस् (mṛjas, Infinitive)
मृष्ट्वा (mṛṣṭvā́, Gerund)
मार्जित्वा (mārjitvā́, Gerund)
मŕज्य (mŕjya, Gerund)
मार्ज्य (mārjya, Gerund)
मर्ज्य (márjya, Gerundive)
मृज्य (mṛjya, Gerundive)
मार्ष्टव्य (mārṣṭavya, Gerundive)
मार्जनीय (mārjanī́ya, Gerundive)

Derived Nominal Forms

मृज (mṛja)
मृजा (mṛjā)
मार्ग (mārga)
मार्जक (mārjaka)
मार्जन (mā́rjana)
मार्गुक (mārguka)
मार्जाल्य (mārjālyà)
मृष्टि (mṛ́ṣṭi)
मार्ष्टि (mārṣṭi)
मृग्र (mṛgra)
मृग्वन् (mṛ́gvan)
मर्मृजेन्य (marmṛjénya)

Prefixed Root Forms

The root मृक्ष् (mṛkṣ) is probably derived from the desiderative of this term.
The word मार्जार (mārjāra) is traditionally connected with this root, but that is certainly a folk etymology.

Descendants

Terms derived from the Sanskrit root मृज् (8 c, 0 e)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “मृज्”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 829, column 2.
Arthur Anthony Macdonell (1893) “मृज्”, in A practical Sanskrit dictionary with transliteration, accentuation, and etymological analysis throughout, London: Oxford University Press
William Dwight Whitney, 1885, The Roots, Verb-forms, and Primary Derivatives of the Sanskrit Language, Leipzig: Breitkopf and Härtel, page 125
Otto Böhtlingk, Richard Schmidt (1879-1928) “मृज्”, in Walter Slaje, Jürgen Hanneder, Paul Molitor, Jörg Ritter, editors, Nachtragswörterbuch des Sanskrit [Dictionary of Sanskrit with supplements] (in German), Halle-Wittenberg: Martin-Luther-Universität, published 2016
Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “mṛj”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.
Mayrhofer, Manfred (1996) “MARJ”, in Etymologisches Wörterbuch des Altindoarischen [Etymological Dictionary of Old Indo-Aryan]‎^[1] (in German), volume 2, Heidelberg: Carl Winter Universitätsverlag, pages 324-6

Mallory, J. P. with Adams, D. Q. (2006) The Oxford Introduction to Proto-Indo-European and the Proto-Indo-European World (Oxford Linguistics), New York: Oxford University Press, →ISBN, page 377
Rix, Helmut, editor (2001), Lexikon der indogermanischen Verben [Lexicon of Indo-European Verbs] (in German), 2nd edition, Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag, →ISBN, page 280
Pokorny, Julius (1959) “738”, in Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 2, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 738