बध्यते

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

বধ্যতে (Assamese script)
ᬩᬥ᭄ᬬᬢᬾ (Balinese script)
বধ্যতে (Bengali script)
𑰤𑰠𑰿𑰧𑰝𑰸 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀩𑀥𑁆𑀬𑀢𑁂 (Brahmi script)
ဗဓျတေ (Burmese script)
બધ્યતે (Gujarati script)
ਬਧ੍ਯਤੇ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌬𑌧𑍍𑌯𑌤𑍇 (Grantha script)
ꦧꦣꦾꦠꦺ (Javanese script)
𑂥𑂡𑂹𑂨𑂞𑂵 (Kaithi script)
ಬಧ್ಯತೇ (Kannada script)
ពធ្យតេ (Khmer script)
ພຘ຺ຍເຕ (Lao script)
ബധ്യതേ (Malayalam script)
ᠪᠠᢡᠶᠠᢠᡝ (Manchu script)
𑘤𑘠𑘿𑘧𑘝𑘹 (Modi script)
ᠪᠠᢑᠾᠶ᠋ᠠᢐᠧ (Mongolian script)
𑧄𑧀𑧠𑧇𑦽𑧚 (Nandinagari script)
𑐧𑐢𑑂𑐫𑐟𑐾 (Newa script)
ବଧ୍ଯତେ (Odia script)
ꢨꢤ꣄ꢫꢡꢾ (Saurashtra script)
𑆧𑆣𑇀𑆪𑆠𑆼 (Sharada script)
𑖤𑖠𑖿𑖧𑖝𑖸 (Siddham script)
බධ්‍යතෙ (Sinhalese script)
𑩲𑩮 𑪙𑩻𑩫𑩔 (Soyombo script)
𑚠𑚜𑚶𑚣𑚙𑚲 (Takri script)
ப³த்⁴யதே (Tamil script)
బధ్యతే (Telugu script)
พธฺยเต (Thai script)
བ་དྷྱ་ཏེ (Tibetan script)
𑒥𑒡𑓂𑒨𑒞𑒹 (Tirhuta script)
𑨠𑨜𑩇𑨪𑨙𑨄 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From बन्ध् (bandh) + -यते (-yate).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /bɐdʱ.jɐ.tɐj/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈbɐd̪ʱ.jɐ.t̪eː/

Verb

बध्यते • (badhyate) third-singular indicative (passive, root बन्ध्)

to be bound (especially by the fetters of existence or evil)
sin again
to be affected by, experience, suffer

Conjugation

Present: बध्यते (badhyate)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	बध्यते badhyate	बध्येते badhyete	बध्यन्ते badhyante
Second	- -	- -	- -	बध्यसे badhyase	बध्येथे badhyethe	बध्यध्वे badhyadhve
First	- -	- -	- -	बध्ये badhye	बध्यावहे badhyāvahe	बध्यामहे badhyāmahe
Imperative
Third	- -	- -	- -	बध्यताम् badhyatām	बध्येताम् badhyetām	बध्यन्ताम् badhyantām
Second	- -	- -	- -	बध्यस्व badhyasva	बध्येथाम् badhyethām	बध्यध्वम् badhyadhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	बध्यै badhyai	बध्यावहै badhyāvahai	बध्यामहै badhyāmahai
Optative/Potential
Third	- -	- -	- -	बध्येत badhyeta	बध्येयाताम् badhyeyātām	बध्येरन् badhyeran
Second	- -	- -	- -	बध्येथाः badhyethāḥ	बध्येयाथाम् badhyeyāthām	बध्येध्वम् badhyedhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	बध्येय badhyeya	बध्येवहि badhyevahi	बध्येमहि badhyemahi
Subjunctive
Third	- -	- -	- -	बध्याते / बध्यातै badhyāte / badhyātai	बध्यैते badhyaite	बध्यन्त / बध्यान्तै badhyanta / badhyāntai
Second	- -	- -	- -	बध्यासे / बध्यासै badhyāse / badhyāsai	बध्यैथे badhyaithe	बध्याध्वै badhyādhvai
First	- -	- -	- -	बध्यै badhyai	बध्यावहै badhyāvahai	बध्यामहै badhyāmahai
Participles
	- -			बध्यमान badhyamāna
Notes	The subjunctive is only used in Vedic Sanskrit.

Imperfect: अबध्यत (abadhyata)
	Active			Mediopassive
	Singular	Dual	Plural	Singular	Dual	Plural
Indicative
Third	- -	- -	- -	अबध्यत abadhyata	अबध्येताम् abadhyetām	अबध्यन्त abadhyanta
Second	- -	- -	- -	अबध्यथाः abadhyathāḥ	अबध्येथाम् abadhyethām	अबध्यध्वम् abadhyadhvam
First	- -	- -	- -	अबध्ये abadhye	अबध्यावहि abadhyāvahi	अबध्यामहि abadhyāmahi

Derived terms

अभिसम्बध्यते (abhisambadhyate, “is referred to, belongs to”)
निबध्यते (nibadhyate, “is bound”)
सम्बध्यते (sambadhyate, “is fastened together”)

Descendants

Dardic:
- Pashayi: [Term?] (baǰ-, “'to become stiff, coagulate, freeze”)
- Shina: [script needed] (băžóĭki̯, “(of water) to freeze”)
Pali: बज्झति (bajjhati)
Prakrit: बज्झइ (bajjhaï) (see there for further descendants)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “बध्यते”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 720.
Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “badhyate”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 515