पुर

See also: पर, परा, परि, परि-, परी, परौं, पार, पारा, पारो, पिरो, पीर, पीरू, पुर्, पुरु, पुरी, पुरे, पुरो, पूर, पूरा, पूरी, पूरे, पेर, पेरी, पेरू, पैर, पैरो, पैरों, and प्री

Braj

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit पुरस् (puras).

Adverb

पुर (pur)

1. before, in front of
   • 1601, Keshavdas, Ramchandrika‎^[1]:

     राम कह्यो जो कछु दुख तेरे। श्वान निशंक कहो पुर मेरे।।152।।

     rām kahyo jo kachu dukh tere. śvān niśaṅk kaho pur mere..152..

     Ram said, whatever your sorrow be; say with insouciance as that of a dog, before me.

Hindi

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /pʊɾ/

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Sanskrit पुर (pura).

Noun

पुर • (pur) m (Urdu spelling پور)

1. town, city; locality, village
2. fortress

Declension

Declension of पुर (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	पुर pur	पुर pur
oblique	पुर pur	पुरों purõ
vocative	पुर pur	पुरो puro

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Classical Persian پر (pur). Doublet of पुर- (pur-).

Adjective

पुर • (pur) (Urdu spelling پر)

1. complete, full, laden, ample
2. Alternative form of पुर- (pur-)

Etymology 3

(This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Noun

पुर • (pur) m

1. a leather bag used in fetching water (from well) for irrigation

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• পুৰ (Assamese script)
• ᬧᬸᬭ (Balinese script)
• পুর (Bengali script)
• 𑰢𑰲𑰨 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀧𑀼𑀭 (Brahmi script)
• ပုရ (Burmese script)
• પુર (Gujarati script)
• ਪੁਰ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌪𑍁𑌰 (Grantha script)
• ꦥꦸꦫ (Javanese script)
• 𑂣𑂳𑂩 (Kaithi script)
• ಪುರ (Kannada script)
• បុរ (Khmer script)
• ປຸຣ (Lao script)
• പുര (Malayalam script)
• ᢒᡠᡵᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘢𑘳𑘨 (Modi script)
• ᢒᠤᠷᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧂𑧔𑧈 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐥𑐸𑐬 (Newa script)
• ପୁର (Odia script)
• ꢦꢸꢬ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆥𑆶𑆫 (Sharada script)
• 𑖢𑖲𑖨 (Siddham script)
• පුර (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩰𑩒𑩼 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚞𑚰𑚤 (Takri script)
• புர (Tamil script)
• పుర (Telugu script)
• ปุร (Thai script)
• པུ་ར (Tibetan script)
• 𑒣𑒳𑒩 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨞𑨃𑨫 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From पुर् (púr, “stronghold, fortress”). Cognate with Ancient Greek πόλις f (pólis) and Lithuanian pilis.

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /pú.ɾɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /pu.ɾɐ/

Noun

पुर • (púra) stem, n

1. fortress, castle, city, town
2. house, abode, residence, receptacle

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of पुर

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	पुरम् (púram)	पुरे (púre)	पुराणि (púrāṇi) पुरा¹ (púrā¹)
vocative	पुर (púra)	पुरे (púre)	पुराणि (púrāṇi) पुरा¹ (púrā¹)
accusative	पुरम् (púram)	पुरे (púre)	पुराणि (púrāṇi) पुरा¹ (púrā¹)
instrumental	पुरेण (púreṇa)	पुराभ्याम् (púrābhyām)	पुरैः (púraiḥ) पुरेभिः¹ (púrebhiḥ¹)
dative	पुराय (púrāya)	पुराभ्याम् (púrābhyām)	पुरेभ्यः (púrebhyaḥ)
ablative	पुरात् (púrāt)	पुराभ्याम् (púrābhyām)	पुरेभ्यः (púrebhyaḥ)
genitive	पुरस्य (púrasya)	पुरयोः (púrayoḥ)	पुराणाम् (púrāṇām)
locative	पुरे (púre)	पुरयोः (púrayoḥ)	पुरेषु (púreṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Derived terms

• सिंहपुर (siṃhapura)
• हस्तिनापुर (hastināpura)

Descendants

• Assamese: পুৰ (pur)
• Bengali: পুর (pur)
• Hindi: पुर (pur), पुरा (purā)
• → Malay: pura, فورا
  • → Indonesian: pura
• → Kannada: ಪುರ (pura)
• Konkani: पूर (pūr)
• → Malayalam: പുരം (puraṁ)
• Marathi: पुर (pur)
• Nepali: पुर् (pur)
• → Old Javanese: pura
  • Javanese: ꦥꦸꦫ (pura)
  • → Balinese: ᬧᬸᬭ (pura)
    • → Indonesian: pura (“temple”) (semantic loan)
• Odia: ପୁର (pura)
• Pali: pura
• Punjabi: ਪੁਰ (pur)
• Pahari-Potwari: پُر (pur)
• → Tamil: புரம் (puram), புரை (purai)
• → Telugu: పురము (puramu)
• Urdu: پُور (pūr)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “पुर”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0635.