नष्ट

See also: नाष्टा

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit नष्ट (naṣṭá). Cognate with Marathi नष्ट (naṣṭa).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /nəʂʈ/, [nɐʂʈ]

Adjective

नष्ट • (naṣṭ) (indeclinable, Urdu spelling نشٹ)

1. destroyed, spoiled, ruined
2. squandered, lost

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit नष्ट (naṣṭa). Cognate with Hindi नष्ट (naṣṭ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /nəʂ.ʈə/

Adjective

नष्ट • (naṣṭa)

1. destroyed

Derived terms

• नष्ट करणे (naṣṭa karṇe, “to destroy”)

 

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “नष्ट”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• নষ্ট (Assamese script)
• ᬦᬱ᭄ᬝ (Balinese script)
• নষ্ট (Bengali script)
• 𑰡𑰬𑰿𑰘 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀦𑀱𑁆𑀝 (Brahmi script)
• နၑ္ဋ (Burmese script)
• નષ્ટ (Gujarati script)
• ਨਸ਼੍ਟ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌨𑌷𑍍𑌟 (Grantha script)
• ꦤꦰ꧀ꦛ (Javanese script)
• 𑂢𑂭𑂹𑂗 (Kaithi script)
• ನಷ್ಟ (Kannada script)
• នឞ្ដ (Khmer script)
• ນຩ຺ຏ (Lao script)
• നഷ്ട (Malayalam script)
• ᠨᠠᢢᢞᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘡𑘬𑘿𑘘 (Modi script)
• ᠨᠠᢔᢌᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑧁𑧌𑧠𑦸 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐣𑐲𑑂𑐚 (Newa script)
• ନଷ୍ଟ (Odia script)
• ꢥꢰ꣄ꢜ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆤𑆰𑇀𑆛 (Sharada script)
• 𑖡𑖬𑖿𑖘 (Siddham script)
• නෂ‍්ට (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩯𑪀 𑪙𑩦 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚝𑚶𑚔 (Takri script)
• நஷ்ட (Tamil script)
• నష్ట (Telugu script)
• นษฺฏ (Thai script)
• ན་ཥྚ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒢𑒭𑓂𑒙 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨝𑨯𑩇𑨔 (Zanabazar Square script)

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /nɐʂ.ʈɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈn̪ɐʂ.ʈɐ/

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *naṣṭás, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *naštás, from Proto-Indo-European *neḱ-tós, from *neḱ- (“to perish, disappear”). Cognate to Avestan 𐬥𐬀𐬱𐬙𐬀 (našta).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /nɐʂ.ʈɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈn̪ɐʂ.ʈɐ/

Participle

नष्ट • (naṣṭá) past passive participle (root नश्)

1. past passive participle of नश् (naś, “to perish, disappear”)

Adjective

नष्ट • (naṣṭá) stem

1. lost, disappeared, perished, destroyed, lost sight of invisible
2. escaped (also -वत् mfn.), run away from [with ablative], fled (impers. with instr. of subj. Ratn. ii. 3)
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata
   • 606 CE – 648 CE, Harṣa, Ratnāvalī 2.3
   • c. 1700 BCE – 1200 BCE, Ṛgveda
3. spoiled, damaged, corrupted, wasted, unsuccessful, fruitless, in vain
   • c. 200 BCE – 200 CE, Manusmṛti
   • c. 800 BCE, Yājñavalkya
   • c. 400 BCE, Mahābhārata

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of नष्ट (naṣṭá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	नष्टः naṣṭáḥ	नष्टौ / नष्टा¹ naṣṭaú / naṣṭā́¹	नष्टाः / नष्टासः¹ naṣṭā́ḥ / naṣṭā́saḥ¹
Vocative	नष्ट náṣṭa	नष्टौ / नष्टा¹ náṣṭau / náṣṭā¹	नष्टाः / नष्टासः¹ náṣṭāḥ / náṣṭāsaḥ¹
Accusative	नष्टम् naṣṭám	नष्टौ / नष्टा¹ naṣṭaú / naṣṭā́¹	नष्टान् naṣṭā́n
Instrumental	नष्टेन naṣṭéna	नष्टाभ्याम् naṣṭā́bhyām	नष्टैः / नष्टेभिः¹ naṣṭaíḥ / naṣṭébhiḥ¹
Dative	नष्टाय naṣṭā́ya	नष्टाभ्याम् naṣṭā́bhyām	नष्टेभ्यः naṣṭébhyaḥ
Ablative	नष्टात् naṣṭā́t	नष्टाभ्याम् naṣṭā́bhyām	नष्टेभ्यः naṣṭébhyaḥ
Genitive	नष्टस्य naṣṭásya	नष्टयोः naṣṭáyoḥ	नष्टानाम् naṣṭā́nām
Locative	नष्टे naṣṭé	नष्टयोः naṣṭáyoḥ	नष्टेषु naṣṭéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of नष्टा (naṣṭā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	नष्टा naṣṭā́	नष्टे naṣṭé	नष्टाः naṣṭā́ḥ
Vocative	नष्टे náṣṭe	नष्टे náṣṭe	नष्टाः náṣṭāḥ
Accusative	नष्टाम् naṣṭā́m	नष्टे naṣṭé	नष्टाः naṣṭā́ḥ
Instrumental	नष्टया / नष्टा¹ naṣṭáyā / naṣṭā́¹	नष्टाभ्याम् naṣṭā́bhyām	नष्टाभिः naṣṭā́bhiḥ
Dative	नष्टायै naṣṭā́yai	नष्टाभ्याम् naṣṭā́bhyām	नष्टाभ्यः naṣṭā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	नष्टायाः / नष्टायै² naṣṭā́yāḥ / naṣṭā́yai²	नष्टाभ्याम् naṣṭā́bhyām	नष्टाभ्यः naṣṭā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	नष्टायाः / नष्टायै² naṣṭā́yāḥ / naṣṭā́yai²	नष्टयोः naṣṭáyoḥ	नष्टानाम् naṣṭā́nām
Locative	नष्टायाम् naṣṭā́yām	नष्टयोः naṣṭáyoḥ	नष्टासु naṣṭā́su
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of नष्ट (naṣṭá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	नष्टम् naṣṭám	नष्टे naṣṭé	नष्टानि / नष्टा¹ naṣṭā́ni / naṣṭā́¹
Vocative	नष्ट náṣṭa	नष्टे náṣṭe	नष्टानि / नष्टा¹ náṣṭāni / náṣṭā¹
Accusative	नष्टम् naṣṭám	नष्टे naṣṭé	नष्टानि / नष्टा¹ naṣṭā́ni / naṣṭā́¹
Instrumental	नष्टेन naṣṭéna	नष्टाभ्याम् naṣṭā́bhyām	नष्टैः / नष्टेभिः¹ naṣṭaíḥ / naṣṭébhiḥ¹
Dative	नष्टाय naṣṭā́ya	नष्टाभ्याम् naṣṭā́bhyām	नष्टेभ्यः naṣṭébhyaḥ
Ablative	नष्टात् naṣṭā́t	नष्टाभ्याम् naṣṭā́bhyām	नष्टेभ्यः naṣṭébhyaḥ
Genitive	नष्टस्य naṣṭásya	नष्टयोः naṣṭáyoḥ	नष्टानाम् naṣṭā́nām
Locative	नष्टे naṣṭé	नष्टयोः naṣṭáyoḥ	नष्टेषु naṣṭéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• → Hindi: नष्ट (naṣṭ) (learned)
• → Malayalam: നഷ്ടം (naṣṭaṁ) (learned)
• → Marathi: नष्ट (naṣṭa) (learned)
• → Tamil: நஷ்டம் (naṣṭam) (learned)
• → Telugu: నష్టము (naṣṭamu) (learned)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “नष्ट”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 0532.