दाढिका

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

দাঢিকা (Assamese script)
ᬤᬵᬠᬶᬓᬵ (Balinese script)
দাঢিকা (Bengali script)
𑰟𑰯𑰛𑰰𑰎𑰯 (Bhaiksuki script)
𑀤𑀸𑀠𑀺𑀓𑀸 (Brahmi script)
ဒါဎိကာ (Burmese script)
દાઢિકા (Gujarati script)
ਦਾਢਿਕਾ (Gurmukhi script)
𑌦𑌾𑌢𑌿𑌕𑌾 (Grantha script)
ꦢꦴꦞꦶꦏꦴ (Javanese script)
𑂠𑂰𑂛𑂱𑂍𑂰 (Kaithi script)
ದಾಢಿಕಾ (Kannada script)
ទាឍិកា (Khmer script)
ທາຒິກາ (Lao script)
ദാഢികാ (Malayalam script)
ᡩᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᢟᡳᡬᠠᢇ (Manchu script)
𑘟𑘰𑘛𑘱𑘎𑘰 (Modi script)
ᢑᠠᢗᢎᠾᠢᢉᠠ᠎ᠠ (Mongolian script)
𑦿𑧑𑦻𑧒𑦮𑧑 (Nandinagari script)
𑐡𑐵𑐝𑐶𑐎𑐵 (Newa script)
ଦାଢିକା (Odia script)
ꢣꢵꢟꢶꢒꢵ (Saurashtra script)
𑆢𑆳𑆞𑆴𑆑𑆳 (Sharada script)
𑖟𑖯𑖛𑖰𑖎𑖯 (Siddham script)
දාඪිකා (Sinhalese script)
𑩭𑩛𑩩𑩑𑩜𑩛 (Soyombo script)
𑚛𑚭𑚗𑚮𑚊𑚭 (Takri script)
த³ாடி⁴கா (Tamil script)
దాఢికా (Telugu script)
ทาฒิกา (Thai script)
དཱ་ཌྷི་ཀཱ (Tibetan script)
𑒠𑒰𑒜𑒱𑒏𑒰 (Tirhuta script)
𑨛𑨊𑨗𑨁𑨋𑨊 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

A corruption of दंष्ट्रिका (daṃṣṭrikā), a compound of दंष्ट्र (daṃṣṭra, “large tooth, tusk”) +‎ -इक (-ika, possessive suffix) +‎ -आ (-ā, feminine suffix), with a semantic shift from "tooth" to "beard", both of which are within the same general facial area; the first element is from Proto-Indo-Iranian *dánštram, from Proto-Indo-European *denḱ-trom, from *denḱ- (“to bite”) + *-trom (suffix denoting a tool or instrument). Cognate with Avestan 𐬙𐬌𐬲𐬌-𐬛𐬄𐬯𐬙𐬭𐬀 (tiži-dąstra, “having sharp teeth”).

Pronunciation

(Vedic) IPA^(key): /dɑː.ɖʱi.kɑː/
(Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈd̪ɑː.ɖʱi.kɑː/

Noun

दाढिका • (dāḍhikā) stem, f

beard

Declension

Feminine ā-stem declension of दाढिका
	singular	dual	plural
nominative	दाढिका (dāḍhikā)	दाढिके (dāḍhike)	दाढिकाः (dāḍhikāḥ)
vocative	दाढिके (dāḍhike)	दाढिके (dāḍhike)	दाढिकाः (dāḍhikāḥ)
accusative	दाढिकाम् (dāḍhikām)	दाढिके (dāḍhike)	दाढिकाः (dāḍhikāḥ)
instrumental	दाढिकया (dāḍhikayā) दाढिका¹ (dāḍhikā¹)	दाढिकाभ्याम् (dāḍhikābhyām)	दाढिकाभिः (dāḍhikābhiḥ)
dative	दाढिकायै (dāḍhikāyai)	दाढिकाभ्याम् (dāḍhikābhyām)	दाढिकाभ्यः (dāḍhikābhyaḥ)
ablative	दाढिकायाः (dāḍhikāyāḥ) दाढिकायै² (dāḍhikāyai²)	दाढिकाभ्याम् (dāḍhikābhyām)	दाढिकाभ्यः (dāḍhikābhyaḥ)
genitive	दाढिकायाः (dāḍhikāyāḥ) दाढिकायै² (dāḍhikāyai²)	दाढिकयोः (dāḍhikayoḥ)	दाढिकानाम् (dāḍhikānām)
locative	दाढिकायाम् (dāḍhikāyām)	दाढिकयोः (dāḍhikayoḥ)	दाढिकासु (dāḍhikāsu)

¹Vedic
²Brāhmaṇas

Descendants

Dardic:
- → Kashmiri:
  - Sharada script: 𑆢𑇋𑆳𑆫 (dạ̄r)
  - Devanagari script: दऻर (dạ̄r)
  - Arabic script: دٲر (dạ̄r)
- → Phalura:
  - Latin script: déeṛi
  - Arabic script: دیڑیۡ
- → Torwali: دأ
Pali: dāṭhikā
- → Thai: ทาฐิกะ (taa-tì-gà)
Prakrit: 𑀤𑀸𑀠𑀺𑀆 (dāḍhiā)
- Central Indo-Aryan:
  - Hindustani:
    Hindi: दाढ़ी (dāṛhī)
    Urdu: دَاڑِھی (dāṛhī)
- Eastern Indo-Aryan:
  - Bengali–Assamese:
    - Assamese: দাড়ি (dari)
    - Bengali: দাড়ি (daṛi)
  - Bihari:
    - Magahi: 𑂠𑂰𑂜𑂲 (dāṛhī)
    - Maithili:
      Devanagari script: दाढ़ी (dāṛhī)
      Tirhuta script: 𑒠𑒰𑒜𑓃𑒲 (dāṛhī)
  - Odia: ଦାଢ଼ି (dāṛhi)
- Insular Indo-Aryan:
  - Dhivehi: ދޮޅި (doḷi)
  - Sinhalese: දැළිය (dæḷiya)
- Northern Indo-Aryan:
  - Dogri:
    Devanagari script: दाढ़ी (dāṛhī)
    Dogra script: 𑠛𑠬𑠗𑠺𑠮 (dāṛhī)
  - Nepali: दाह्री (dāhrī)
- Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
  - Old Punjabi: ਦਾੜੀ (dāṛī)
    - Punjabi:
      Gurmukhi script: ਦਾੜ੍ਹੀ (dāṛhī)
      Shahmukhi script: داڑھی (dāṛhī)
    - Saraiki:
      Devanagari script: दाढ़ी (dāṛhī)
      Multani script: 𑊘𑊨 (dṛh)
      Shahmukhi script: ݙاڑھی (ḏāṛhī)
  - Sindhi:
    Arabic script: ڏاڙِهي (ḍ̠āḍhī)
    Devanagari script: ॾाढ़ी (ḍ̠āḍhī)
- Southern Indo-Aryan:
  - Konkani:
    Devanagari script: दाडि (dāḍi)
    Kannada script: ದಾಡಿ (dāḍi)
    Latin script: daddi
  - Old Marathi: (see there for further descendants)
    Devanagari script: दाढी (dāḍhī)
    Modi script: 𑘟𑘰𑘛𑘲 (dāḍhī)
- Western Indo-Aryan:
  - Ahirani: दाढी (dāḍhī)
  - Gojri: داڑھی (dāṛhī)
  - Gujarati: દાઢી (dāḍhī)
  - Malvi: दाड़ी (dāṛī)
  - Marwari:
    Devanagari script: दाडी (dāḍī), दाढी (dāḍhī)
    Mahajani script: 𑅥𑅠𑅑 (dḍi), 𑅥𑅡𑅑 (dḍhi)

References

Monier Williams (1899) “दाढिका”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 475, column 2.