तर्जन

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• তৰ্জন (Assamese script)
• ᬢᬃᬚᬦ (Balinese script)
• তর্জন (Bengali script)
• 𑰝𑰨𑰿𑰕𑰡 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀢𑀭𑁆𑀚𑀦 (Brahmi script)
• တရ်္ဇန (Burmese script)
• તર્જન (Gujarati script)
• ਤਰ੍ਜਨ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌤𑌰𑍍𑌜𑌨 (Grantha script)
• ꦠꦂꦗꦤ (Javanese script)
• 𑂞𑂩𑂹𑂔𑂢 (Kaithi script)
• ತರ್ಜನ (Kannada script)
• តជ៌ន (Khmer script)
• ຕຣ຺ຊນ (Lao script)
• തര്ജന (Malayalam script)
• ᢠᠠᡵᡯᠠᠨᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘝𑘨𑘿𑘕𑘡 (Modi script)
• ᢐᠠᠷᠽᠠᠨᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦽𑧈𑧠𑦵𑧁 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐟𑐬𑑂𑐖𑐣 (Newa script)
• ତର୍ଜନ (Odia script)
• ꢡꢬ꣄ꢙꢥ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆠𑆫𑇀𑆘𑆤 (Sharada script)
• 𑖝𑖨𑖿𑖕𑖡 (Siddham script)
• තර්‍ජන (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩫𑩼 𑪙𑩣𑩯 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚙𑚤𑚶𑚑𑚝 (Takri script)
• தர்ஜந (Tamil script)
• తర్జన (Telugu script)
• ตรฺชน (Thai script)
• ཏ་རྫ་ན (Tibetan script)
• 𑒞𑒩𑓂𑒖𑒢 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨙𑨫𑩇𑨥𑨝 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *tergʷ-

Sanskrit तर्ज् (tarj)

Proto-Indo-European *-nós

Sanskrit -अन (-ana)

Sanskrit तर्जन (tarjana)

From तर्ज् (tarj) + -अन (-ana).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /tɐɾ.d͡ʑɐ.nɐ/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /t̪ɐɾ.d͡ʑɐ.n̪ɐ/

Noun

तर्जन • (tarjana) stem, n (root तर्ज्)

1. threatening, scolding
   • c. 500 BCE – 100 BCE, Rāmāyaṇa III.IV
2. (at the end of a compound)
3. derision
4. putting to shame, surpassing
5. anger

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of तर्जन

	singular	dual	plural
nominative	तर्जनम् (tarjanam)	तर्जने (tarjane)	तर्जनानि (tarjanāni) तर्जना¹ (tarjanā¹)
vocative	तर्जन (tarjana)	तर्जने (tarjane)	तर्जनानि (tarjanāni) तर्जना¹ (tarjanā¹)
accusative	तर्जनम् (tarjanam)	तर्जने (tarjane)	तर्जनानि (tarjanāni) तर्जना¹ (tarjanā¹)
instrumental	तर्जनेन (tarjanena)	तर्जनाभ्याम् (tarjanābhyām)	तर्जनैः (tarjanaiḥ) तर्जनेभिः¹ (tarjanebhiḥ¹)
dative	तर्जनाय (tarjanāya)	तर्जनाभ्याम् (tarjanābhyām)	तर्जनेभ्यः (tarjanebhyaḥ)
ablative	तर्जनात् (tarjanāt)	तर्जनाभ्याम् (tarjanābhyām)	तर्जनेभ्यः (tarjanebhyaḥ)
genitive	तर्जनस्य (tarjanasya)	तर्जनयोः (tarjanayoḥ)	तर्जनानाम् (tarjanānām)
locative	तर्जने (tarjane)	तर्जनयोः (tarjanayoḥ)	तर्जनेषु (tarjaneṣu)

• ¹Vedic

Derived terms

• उत्तर्जन (uttarjana, “violent threatening”)
• उत्तर्जनीक (uttarjanīka, “threatening, menacing”)
• तर्जना (tarjanā, “scolding”)
• तर्जनी (tarjanī, “fore-finger”)
• संतर्जन (saṃtarjana, “threatening, abusing, reviling”)

Descendants

• Prakrit: 𑀢𑀚𑁆𑀚𑀡 (tajjaṇa, “threat”)
  • Eastern Indo-Aryan:
    • Assamese: তাজনা (tazona, “severe punishment”)
  • Western Indo-Aryan:
    • Gujarati: તાજણો (tājṇo, “whip, lash”)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “तर्जन”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page {{{1}}}.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “tarjana”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press