जिउनु
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Nepali
[edit]Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Prakrit जीवइ (jīvaï), from Sanskrit जीवति (jīvati).
Pronunciation
[edit]Verb
[edit]जिउनु • (jiunu) (intransitive)
Conjugation
[edit]Conjugation of जिउनु [d͡ziunu]
Information | ||||
---|---|---|---|---|
Primary stem | जिउ- [d͡ziu-] | |||
Secondary stem | जि- [d͡zi-] | |||
Conjugation type | 3rd conjugation: vowel-ending stem, irregular. | |||
Non-finite forms | ||||
Infinitives | जिउनु [d͡ziunu] जिउन [d͡ziunʌ] | |||
Participles | Affirmative (+) | Negative (–) | ||
Conjunctive | जिएर [d͡zieɾʌ] जिई [d͡zii] जिईकन [d͡ziikʌnʌ] |
नजिएर [nʌ ͜ d͡zieɾʌ] नजिई [nʌ ͜ d͡zii] नजिईकन [nʌ ͜ d͡ziikʌnʌ] | ||
1st Perfect | m. sing. | जिएको [d͡zieko] | नजिएको [nʌ ͜ d͡zieko] | |
f. sing. | जिएकी [d͡zieki] | नजिएकी [nʌ ͜ d͡zieki] | ||
pl. | जिएका [d͡ziekä] | नजिएका [nʌ ͜ d͡ziekä] | ||
high-resp. | जिउनुभएको [d͡ziunu ͜ bʱʌeko] | नजिउनुभएको [nʌ ͜ d͡ziunu ͜ bʱʌeko] | ||
2nd Perfect | normal | जिए [d͡zie] | नजिए [nʌ ͜ d͡zie] | |
high-resp. | जिउनुभए [d͡ziunu ͜ bʱʌe] | नजिउनुभए [nʌ ͜ d͡ziunu ͜ bʱʌe] | ||
Imperfect | normal | जिउदा [d͡ziud̪ä] जिउदै [d͡ziud̪ʌi̯] जिउदो [d͡ziud̪o] |
नजिउदा [nʌ ͜ d͡ziud̪ä] नजिउदै [nʌ ͜ d͡ziud̪ʌi̯] नजिउदो [nʌ ͜ d͡ziud̪o] | |
high-resp. | जिउनुहुँदा [d͡ziunuɦũd̪ä] जिउनुहुँदै [d͡ziunuɦũd̪ʌi̯] जिउनुहुँदो [d͡ziunuɦũd̪o] |
नजिउनुहुँदा [nʌ ͜ d͡ziunuɦũd̪ä] नजिउनुहुँदै [nʌ ͜ d͡ziunuɦũd̪ʌi̯] नजिउनुहुँदो [nʌ ͜ d͡ziunuɦũd̪o] | ||
Infinitival | normal | जिउने [d͡ziune] | नजिउने [nʌ ͜ d͡ziune] | |
high-resp. | जिउनुहुने [d͡ziunuɦune] | नजिउनुहुने [nʌ ͜ d͡ziunuɦune] | ||
Absolutive | जिइ [d͡zii] |
Finite forms of जिउनु [d͡ziunu] | |||||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Person | 1st | 2nd | 3rd | 2nd & 3rd | |||||||||||
Pronoun | म SING. |
हामी PL. |
तँ LOW-RESP. SING. |
तिमी MID-RESP. |
ऊ LOW-RESP. SING. |
उनी MID-RESP. |
तपाईं / ऊहाँ HIGH-RESP. | ||||||||
m | f | m | f | m | f | m | f | m | f | m | f | ||||
Present | + | जिउँछु [d͡ziũt͡sʰu] |
जिउँछौं [d͡ziũt͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯] |
जिउँछस् [d͡ziũt͡sʰʌs] |
जिउँछेस् [d͡ziũt͡sʰes] |
जिउँछौ [d͡ziũt͡sʰʌu̯] |
जिउँछ्यौ [d͡ziũt͡sʰeu̯] |
जिउँछ [d͡ziũt͡sʰʌ] |
जिउँछे [d͡ziũt͡sʰe] |
जिउँछन् [d͡ziũt͡sʰʌn] |
जिउँछिन् [d͡ziũt͡sʰin] |
जिउनुहुन्छ [d͡ziunuɦunt͡sʰʌ] | |||
– | जिउँदिनँ [d͡ziũd̪inʌ̃] |
जिउँदैनौं [d͡ziũd̪ʌi̯nʌ̃ũ̯] |
जिउँदैनस् [d͡ziũd̪ʌi̯nʌs] |
जिउँदिनेस् [d͡ziũd̪ines] |
जिउँदैनौ [d͡ziũd̪ʌi̯nʌu̯] |
जिउँदिनौ [d͡ziũd̪inʌu̯] |
जिउँदैन [d͡ziũd̪ʌi̯nʌ] |
जिउँदिने [d͡ziũd̪ine] |
जिउँदैनन् [d͡ziũd̪ʌi̯nʌn] |
जिउँदिनन् [d͡ziũd̪inʌn] |
जिउनुहुँदैन [d͡ziunuɦũd̪ʌi̯nʌ] | ||||
जिउन्नँ [d͡ziunnʌ̃] |
जिउन्नौं [d͡ziunnʌ̃ũ̯] |
जिउन्नस् [d͡ziunnʌs] |
जिउन्नौ [d͡ziunnʌu̯] |
जिउन्न [d͡ziunnʌ] |
जिउन्नन् [d͡ziunnʌn] |
जिउनुहुन्न [d͡ziunuɦunnʌ] | |||||||||
Past | Simple | + | जिएं [d͡ziẽ] |
जियौं [d͡ziẽũ̯] |
जिइस् [d͡ziis] |
जियौ [d͡zieu̯] |
जियो [d͡zijo] |
जिई [d͡zii] |
जिए [d͡zie] |
जिइन् [d͡ziin] |
जिउनुभयो [d͡ziunu ͜ bʱʌjo] | ||||
– | जिइनँ [d͡ziinʌ̃] |
जिएनौं [d͡zienʌ̃ũ̯] |
जिएनस् [d͡zienʌs] |
जिइनेस् [d͡ziines] |
जिएनौ [d͡zienʌu̯] |
जिएन [d͡zienʌ] |
जिइने [d͡ziine] |
जिएनन् [d͡zienʌn] |
जिइनन् [d͡ziinʌn] |
जिउनुभएन [d͡ziunu ͜ bʱʌenʌ] | |||||
Habitual | + | जिउँथें [d͡ziũt̪ʰẽ] |
जिउँथ्यौं [d͡ziũt̪ʰẽũ̯] |
जिउँथिस् [d͡ziũt̪ʰis] |
जिउँथ्यौ [d͡ziũt̪ʰeu̯] |
जिउँथ्यो [d͡ziũt̪ʰjo] |
जिउँथी [d͡ziũt̪ʰi] |
जिउँथे [d͡ziũt̪ʰe] |
जिउँथिन् [d͡ziũt̪ʰin] |
जिउनुहुन्थ्यो [d͡ziunuɦun̪t̪ʰjo] | |||||
– | जिउँदिनथें [d͡ziũd̪inʌt̪ʰẽ] |
जिउँदैनथ्यौं [d͡ziũd̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰẽũ̯] |
जिउँदैनथिस् [d͡ziũd̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰis] |
जिउँदिनथिस् [d͡ziũd̪inʌt̪ʰis] |
जिउँदैनथ्यौ [d͡ziũd̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰeu̯] |
जिउँदिनथ्यौ [d͡ziũd̪inʌt̪ʰeu̯] |
जिउँदैनथ्यो [d͡ziũd̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰjo] |
जिउँदैनथी [d͡ziũd̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰi] |
जिउँदैनथे [d͡ziũd̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰe] |
जिउँदिनथिन् [d͡ziũd̪inʌt̪ʰin] |
जिउनुहुँदैनथ्यो [d͡ziunuɦũd̪ʌi̯nʌt̪ʰjo] | ||||
जिउन्नथें [d͡ziunnʌt̪ʰẽ] |
जिउन्नथ्यौं [d͡ziunnʌt̪ʰẽũ̯] |
जिउन्नथिस् [d͡ziunnʌt̪ʰis] |
जिउन्नथ्यौ [d͡ziunnʌt̪ʰeu̯] |
जिउन्नथ्यो [d͡ziunnʌt̪ʰjo] |
जिउन्नथी [d͡ziunnʌt̪ʰi] |
जिउन्नथे [d͡ziunnʌt̪ʰe] |
जिउन्नथिन् [d͡ziunnʌt̪ʰin] |
जिउनुहुन्नथ्यो [d͡ziunuɦunnʌt̪ʰjo] | |||||||
Unknown | + | जिएछु [d͡ziet͡sʰu] |
जिइछु [d͡ziit͡sʰu] |
जिएछौं [d͡ziet͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯] |
जिएछस् [d͡ziet͡sʰʌs] |
जिइछेस् [d͡ziit͡sʰes] |
जिएछौ [d͡ziet͡sʰʌu̯] |
जिएछ [d͡ziet͡sʰʌ] |
जिइछे [d͡ziit͡sʰe] |
जिएछन् [d͡ziet͡sʰʌn] |
जिइछिन् [d͡ziit͡sʰin] |
जिउनुभएछ [d͡ziunu ͜ bʱʌet͡sʰʌ] | |||
– | जिएनछु [d͡zienʌt͡sʰu] |
जिइनछु [d͡ziinʌt͡sʰu] |
जिएनछौं [d͡zienʌt͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯] |
जिएनछस् [d͡zienʌt͡sʰʌs] |
जिइनछेस् [d͡ziinʌt͡sʰes] |
जिएनछौ [d͡zienʌt͡sʰʌu̯] |
जिएनछ [d͡zienʌt͡sʰʌ] |
जिइनछे [d͡ziinʌt͡sʰe] |
जिएनछन् [d͡zienʌt͡sʰʌn] |
जिइनछिन् [d͡ziinʌt͡sʰin] |
जिउनुभएनछ [d͡ziunu ͜ bʱʌenʌt͡sʰʌ] | ||||
Future | Definite | + | जिउनेछु [d͡ziunet͡sʰu] |
जिउनेछौं [d͡ziunet͡sʰʌ̃ũ̯] |
जिउनेछस् [d͡ziunet͡sʰʌs] |
जिउनेछेस् [d͡ziunet͡sʰes] |
जिउनेछौ [d͡ziunet͡sʰʌu̯] |
जिउनेछ्यौ [d͡ziunet͡sʰeu̯] |
जिउनेछ [d͡ziunet͡sʰʌ] |
जिउनेछे [d͡ziunet͡sʰe] |
जिउनेछन् [d͡ziunet͡sʰʌn] |
जिउनेछिन् [d͡ziunet͡sʰin] |
जिउनुहुनेछ [d͡ziunuɦunet͡sʰʌ] | ||
– | जिउनेछैनँ [d͡ziunet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ̃] |
जिउनेछैनौं [d͡ziunet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ̃ũ̯] |
जिउनेछैनस् [d͡ziunet͡sʰʌi̯nʌs] |
जिउनेछैनेस् [d͡ziunet͡sʰʌi̯nes] |
जिउनेछैनौ [d͡ziunet͡sʰʌi̯nʌu̯] |
जिउनेछैन [d͡ziunet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ] |
जिउनेछैनन् [d͡ziunet͡sʰʌi̯nʌn] |
जिउनुहुनेछैन [d͡ziunuɦunet͡sʰʌi̯nʌ] | |||||||
Indefinite | + | जिउँला [d͡ziũlä] |
जिउँली [d͡ziũli] |
जिऔंला [d͡ziʌ̃ũ̯lä] |
जिउलास् [d͡ziuläs] |
जिउलिस् [d͡ziulis] |
जिऔला, जिउलाउ [d͡ziʌu̯lä, d͡ziuläu̯] |
जिऔली, जिउलेउ [d͡ziʌu̯li, d͡ziuleu̯] |
जिउला [d͡ziulä] |
जिउली [d͡ziuli] |
जिउलान्, जिउनन् [d͡ziulän, d͡ziunʌn] |
जिउलिन्, जिउनिन् [d͡ziulin, d͡ziunin] |
जिउनुहोला [d͡ziunuɦolä] | ||
– | जिओइनँ [d͡zioi̯nʌ̃] |
जिओइनौं [d͡zioi̯nʌ̃ũ̯] |
जिओइनस् [d͡zioi̯nʌs] |
जिओइनौ [d͡zioi̯nʌu̯] |
जिओइन [d͡zioi̯nʌ] |
जिओइनन् [d͡zioi̯nʌn] |
जिउनुहोओइन [d͡ziunuɦooi̯nʌ] | ||||||||
नजिउँला [nʌ ͜ d͡ziũlä] |
नजिउँली [nʌ ͜ d͡ziũli] |
नजिऔंला [nʌ ͜ d͡ziʌ̃ũ̯lä] |
नजिउलास् [nʌ ͜ d͡ziuläs] |
नजिउलिस् [nʌ ͜ d͡ziulis] |
नजिऔला, नजिउलाउ [nʌ ͜ d͡ziʌu̯lä, nʌ ͜ d͡ziuläu̯] |
नजिऔली, नजिउलेउ [nʌ ͜ d͡ziʌu̯li, nʌ ͜ d͡ziuleu̯] |
नजिउला [nʌ ͜ d͡ziulä] |
नजिउली [nʌ ͜ d͡ziuli] |
नजिउलान्, नजिउनन् [nʌ ͜ d͡ziulän, nʌ ͜ d͡ziunʌn] |
नजिउलिन्, नजिउनिन् [nʌ ͜ d͡ziulin, nʌ ͜ d͡ziunin] |
नजिउनुहोला [nʌ ͜ d͡ziunuɦolä] | ||||
Injunctive | + | जिऊँ [d͡ziũ] |
जिऔं, जिऊँ [d͡ziʌ̃ũ̯, d͡ziũ] |
जि, जिएस्, जिए [d͡zi, d͡zies, d͡zie] |
जिऊ, जिओ, जिए [d͡ziu, d͡zio, d͡zie] |
जिओस् [d͡zios] |
जिऊन् [d͡ziun] |
जिउनुहोओस् [d͡ziunuɦoos] | |||||||
– | नजिऊँ [nʌ ͜ d͡ziũ] |
नजिऔं, नजिऊँ [nʌ ͜ d͡ziʌ̃ũ̯, nʌ ͜ d͡ziũ] |
नजि, नजिएस्, नजिए [nʌ ͜ d͡zi, nʌ ͜ d͡zies, nʌ ͜ d͡zie] |
नजिऊ, नजिओ, नजिए [nʌ ͜ d͡ziu, nʌ ͜ d͡zio, nʌ ͜ d͡zie] |
नजिओस् [nʌ ͜ d͡zios] |
नजिऊन् [nʌ ͜ d͡ziun] |
नजिउनुहोओस् [nʌ ͜ d͡ziunuɦoos] | ||||||||
Imperative | + | — | — | जि [d͡zi] |
जिअ, जिओ [d͡ziʌ, d͡zio] |
— | — | जिउनुहोस्, जिउनोस् [d͡ziunuɦos, d͡ziunos] | |||||||
– | — | — | नजि [nʌ ͜ d͡zi] |
नजिअ, नजिओ [nʌ ͜ d͡ziʌ, nʌ ͜ d͡zio] |
— | — | नजिउनुहोस्, नजिउनोस् [nʌ(d)ziunuɦos, nʌ(d)ziunos] |
References
[edit]- “जिउनु”, in नेपाली बृहत् शब्दकोश (nepālī br̥hat śabdakoś)[1], Kathmandu: Nepal Academy, 2018
- Schmidt, Ruth L. (1993) “जिउनु”, in A Practical Dictionary of Modern Nepali, Ratna Sagar, page 233
- Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jiunu”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 288
Categories:
- Nepali terms derived from Proto-Indo-European
- Nepali terms derived from the Proto-Indo-European root *gʷeyh₃-
- Nepali terms derived from Sanskrit
- Nepali terms derived from the Sanskrit root जीव्
- Nepali terms inherited from Prakrit
- Nepali terms derived from Prakrit
- Nepali terms inherited from Sanskrit
- Nepali terms with IPA pronunciation
- Nepali lemmas
- Nepali verbs
- Nepali intransitive verbs