𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀇

Prakrit

Alternative forms

• 𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀤𑀺 (jīvadi) — Śaurasenī

Etymology

Etymology tree

Proto-Indo-European *gʷeyh₃-

Proto-Indo-European *-wós

Proto-Indo-European *gʷih₃wós

Proto-Indo-European *gʷíh₃weti

Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰíHwati

Sanskrit जीवति (jīvati)

Prakrit 𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀇 (jīvaï)

Inherited from Sanskrit जीवति (jīvati), from Proto-Indo-Aryan *ȷ́íHwati, from Proto-Indo-Iranian *ǰíHwati, from Proto-Indo-European *gʷíh₃weti (“to live”).

Verb

𑀚𑀻𑀯𑀇 (jīvaï) (Devanagari जीवइ, Kannada ಜೀವಇ) (intransitive) (Māhārāṣṭrī)

1. lives

Descendants

Descendants

• Central Indo-Aryan:
  • Old Gujarati: जीवइ (jīvaï)
    • Gujarati: જીવવું (jīvvũ)
  • Hindi: जीना (jīnā)
  • Romani: ʒivel, ʒuvel (International Standard), dživel, džuvel (Pan-Vlax), zhuvel (Anglicized)
• Eastern Indo-Aryan:
  • Bengali: জিয়া (jiẏa)
  • Bihari:
    • Bhojpuri: जीयल (jīyal)
    • Maithili: जियब (jiyab)
  • Early Assamese: জী (jī)
    • Assamese: জীয়া (zia)
  • Odia: ଜୀବା (jibā)
• Northern Indo-Aryan:
  • Kumaoni: ज्यूणो (jyūṇo)
  • Nepali: जिउनु (jiunu)
• Northwestern Indo-Aryan:
  • Punjabi: ਜਿਊਣਾ (jiūṇā)
• Southern Indo-Aryan:
  • Marathi: जिणे (jiṇe)
  • Sindhi: जिअणु (jiaṇu)

References

• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “jīvaï”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press