घर्षण

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit घर्षण (gharṣaṇa).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɡʱəɾ.ʂəɳ/, [ɡʱɐɾ.ʃɐ̃ɳ]

Noun

घर्षण • (gharṣaṇ) m

1. rubbing, polishing, grinding
2. (physics) friction

Declension

Declension of घर्षण (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	घर्षण gharṣaṇ	घर्षण gharṣaṇ
oblique	घर्षण gharṣaṇ	घर्षणों gharṣaṇõ
vocative	घर्षण gharṣaṇ	घर्षणो gharṣaṇo

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “घर्षण”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press

Marathi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit घर्षण (gharṣaṇa). Related with घासणे (ghāsṇe, “to rub”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɡʱəɾ.ʂəɳ/

Noun

घर्षण • (gharṣaṇ) n

1. (physics, sciences) friction

Declension

Declension of घर्षण (neut cons-stem)
direct singular	घर्षण gharṣaṇ
direct plural	घर्षणे, घर्षणं gharṣaṇe, gharṣaṇa
	singular एकवचन		plural अनेकवचन
nominative प्रथमा	घर्षण gharṣaṇ		घर्षणे, घर्षणं gharṣaṇe, gharṣaṇa
oblique सामान्यरूप	घर्षणा gharṣaṇā		घर्षणां- gharṣaṇān-
acc. / dative द्वितीया / चतुर्थी	घर्षणाला gharṣaṇālā		घर्षणांना gharṣaṇānnā
ergative	घर्षणाने, घर्षणानं gharṣaṇāne, gharṣaṇāna		घर्षणांनी gharṣaṇānnī
instrumental	घर्षणाशी gharṣaṇāśī		घर्षणांशी gharṣaṇānśī
locative सप्तमी	घर्षणात gharṣaṇāt		घर्षणांत gharṣaṇāt
vocative संबोधन	घर्षणा gharṣaṇā		घर्षणांनो gharṣaṇānno
Oblique Note: The oblique case precedes all postpositions. There is no space between the stem and the postposition. Locative Note: -त (-ta) is a postposition.

Genitive declension of घर्षण (neut cons-stem)
	masculine object पुल्लिंगी कर्म		feminine object स्त्रीलिंगी कर्म		neuter object नपुसकलिंगी कर्म		oblique सामान्यरूप
	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन	singular* एकवचन	plural अनेकवचन
singular subject एकवचनी कर्ता	घर्षणाचा gharṣaṇāċā	घर्षणाचे gharṣaṇāċe	घर्षणाची gharṣaṇācī	घर्षणाच्या gharṣaṇācā	घर्षणाचे, घर्षणाचं gharṣaṇāċe, gharṣaṇāċa	घर्षणाची gharṣaṇācī	घर्षणाच्या gharṣaṇācā
plural subject अनेकवचनी कर्ता	घर्षणांचा gharṣaṇānċā	घर्षणांचे gharṣaṇānċe	घर्षणांची gharṣaṇāñcī	घर्षणांच्या gharṣaṇāncā	घर्षणांचे, घर्षणांचं gharṣaṇānċe, gharṣaṇānċa	घर्षणांची gharṣaṇāñcī	घर्षणांच्या gharṣaṇāñcā
* Note: Word-final ए (e) in neuter words is alternatively written with the anusvara and pronounced as अ (a). Oblique Note: For most postpostions, the oblique genitive can be optionally inserted between the stem and the postposition.

Derived terms

• घर्षणात्मक (gharṣaṇātmak, “frictional”)

References

• Berntsen, Maxine (1982–1983) “घर्षण”, in A Basic Marathi-English Dictionary, New Delhi: American Institute of Indian Studies

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• ঘৰ্ষণ (Assamese script)
• ᬖᬃᬱᬡ (Balinese script)
• ঘর্ষণ (Bengali script)
• 𑰑𑰨𑰿𑰬𑰜 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀖𑀭𑁆𑀱𑀡 (Brahmi script)
• ဃရ္ၑဏ (Burmese script)
• ઘર્ષણ (Gujarati script)
• ਘਰ੍ਸ਼ਣ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌘𑌰𑍍𑌷𑌣 (Grantha script)
• ꦓꦂꦰꦟ (Javanese script)
• 𑂐𑂩𑂹𑂭𑂝 (Kaithi script)
• ಘರ್ಷಣ (Kannada script)
• ឃឞ៌ណ (Khmer script)
• ຆຣ຺ຩຓ (Lao script)
• ഘര്ഷണ (Malayalam script)
• ᢚᠠᡵᢢᠠᢏᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘑𑘨𑘿𑘬𑘜 (Modi script)
• ᠺᠾᠠᠷᢔᠠᢏᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦱𑧈𑧠𑧌𑦼 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐑𑐬𑑂𑐲𑐞 (Newa script)
• ଘର୍ଷଣ (Odia script)
• ꢕꢬ꣄ꢰꢠ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆔𑆫𑇀𑆰𑆟 (Sharada script)
• 𑖑𑖨𑖿𑖬𑖜 (Siddham script)
• ඝර්‍ෂණ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩟𑩼 𑪙𑪀𑩪 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚍𑚤𑚶𑚘 (Takri script)
• க⁴ர்ஷண (Tamil script)
• ఘర్షణ (Telugu script)
• ฆรฺษณ (Thai script)
• གྷ་རྵ་ཎ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒒𑒩𑓂𑒭𑒝 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨎𑨫𑩇𑨯𑨘 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root घृष् (ghṛṣ) +‎ -अन (-ana).

Noun

घर्षण • (gharṣaṇa) stem, n

1. rubbing, polishing
2. grinding, pounding
3. rubbing, embrocation

Declension

Neuter a-stem declension of घर्षण
Nom. sg.	घर्षणम् (gharṣaṇam)
Gen. sg.	घर्षणस्य (gharṣaṇasya)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	घर्षणम् (gharṣaṇam)	घर्षणे (gharṣaṇe)	घर्षणानि (gharṣaṇāni)
Vocative	घर्षण (gharṣaṇa)	घर्षणे (gharṣaṇe)	घर्षणानि (gharṣaṇāni)
Accusative	घर्षणम् (gharṣaṇam)	घर्षणे (gharṣaṇe)	घर्षणानि (gharṣaṇāni)
Instrumental	घर्षणेन (gharṣaṇena)	घर्षणाभ्याम् (gharṣaṇābhyām)	घर्षणैः (gharṣaṇaiḥ)
Dative	घर्षणाय (gharṣaṇāya)	घर्षणाभ्याम् (gharṣaṇābhyām)	घर्षणेभ्यः (gharṣaṇebhyaḥ)
Ablative	घर्षणात् (gharṣaṇāt)	घर्षणाभ्याम् (gharṣaṇābhyām)	घर्षणेभ्यः (gharṣaṇebhyaḥ)
Genitive	घर्षणस्य (gharṣaṇasya)	घर्षणयोः (gharṣaṇayoḥ)	घर्षणानाम् (gharṣaṇānām)
Locative	घर्षणे (gharṣaṇe)	घर्षणयोः (gharṣaṇayoḥ)	घर्षणेषु (gharṣaṇeṣu)

Descendants

• → Hindi: घर्षण (gharṣaṇ)
• → Marathi: घर्षण (gharṣaṇ)
• → Malayalam: ഘർഷണം (ghaṟṣaṇaṁ)
• → Telugu: ఘర్షణ (gharṣaṇa)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899) “घर्षण”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 379.