ग्लानि

Hindi

Etymology

Learned borrowing from Sanskrit ग्लानि (glāní).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /ɡlɑː.niː/, [ɡläː.niː]

Noun

ग्लानि • (glāni) f (Urdu spelling گلانی)

1. languor, fatigue
2. depression, remorse
3. aversion, disgust

Declension

Declension of ग्लानि (fem i-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	ग्लानि glāni	ग्लानियाँ glāniyā̃
oblique	ग्लानि glāni	ग्लानियों glāniyõ
vocative	ग्लानि glāni	ग्लानियो glāniyo

Related terms

• आत्मग्लानि (ātmaglāni)

Further reading

• Dāsa, Śyāmasundara (1965–1975) “ग्लानि”, in Hindī Śabdasāgara [lit. Sea of Hindi words] (in Hindi), Kashi [Varanasi]: Nagari Pracarini Sabha
• Platts, John T. (1884) “ग्लानि”, in A dictionary of Urdu, classical Hindi, and English, London: W. H. Allen & Co.
• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “ग्लानि”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press
• “گلانی”, in ریخْتَہ لُغَت (rexta luġat) - Rekhta Dictionary [Urdu dictionary with meanings in Hindi & English], Noida, India: Rekhta Foundation, 2024.

Sanskrit

Alternative scripts

Alternative scripts

• গ্লানি (Assamese script)
• ᬕ᭄ᬮᬵᬦᬶ (Balinese script)
• গ্লানি (Bengali script)
• 𑰐𑰿𑰩𑰯𑰡𑰰 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀕𑁆𑀮𑀸𑀦𑀺 (Brahmi script)
• ဂ္လါနိ (Burmese script)
• ગ્લાનિ (Gujarati script)
• ਗ੍ਲਾਨਿ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌗𑍍𑌲𑌾𑌨𑌿 (Grantha script)
• ꦒ꧀ꦭꦴꦤꦶ (Javanese script)
• 𑂏𑂹𑂪𑂰𑂢𑂱 (Kaithi script)
• ಗ್ಲಾನಿ (Kannada script)
• គ្លានិ (Khmer script)
• ຄ຺ລານິ (Lao script)
• ഗ്ലാനി (Malayalam script)
• ᡤᠯᠠ᠎᠊ᠠᠨᡳ (Manchu script)
• 𑘐𑘿𑘩𑘰𑘡𑘱 (Modi script)
• ᠺᠯᠠᢗᠨᠢ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦰𑧠𑧉𑧑𑧁𑧒 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐐𑑂𑐮𑐵𑐣𑐶 (Newa script)
• ଗ୍ଲାନି (Odia script)
• ꢔ꣄ꢭꢵꢥꢶ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆓𑇀𑆬𑆳𑆤𑆴 (Sharada script)
• 𑖐𑖿𑖩𑖯𑖡𑖰 (Siddham script)
• ග‍්ලානි (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩞 𑪙𑩽𑩛𑩯𑩑 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚌𑚶𑚥𑚭𑚝𑚮 (Takri script)
• க்³லாநி (Tamil script)
• గ్లాని (Telugu script)
• คฺลานิ (Thai script)
• གླཱ་ནི (Tibetan script)
• 𑒑𑓂𑒪𑒰𑒢𑒱 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨍𑩇𑨬𑨊𑨝𑨁 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From the root ग्लै (glai, “to be weary, to be reluctant, to feel averse”), from Proto-Indo-European *gʷelH- (“to suffer”). Cognate with Lithuanian gėlà (“pain”), Proto-Germanic *kwelaną (“to suffer”), Old Irish at-baill (“to die”).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /ɡlɑː.ní/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈɡl̪ɑː.n̪i/

Noun

ग्लानि • (glāní) stem, f

1. exhaustion, fatigue, sickness
2. decrease, decline
   • c. 400 BCE, Bhagavad Gītā Chapter IV.7:

     यदा यदा हि धर्मस्य ग्लानिर् भवति भारत।
     अभ्युत्थानम् अधर्मस्य तदात्मानं सृजाम्य् अहम् ॥

     yadā yadā hi dharmasya glānir bhavati bhārata.
     abhyutthānam adharmasya tadātmānaṃ sṛjāmy aham.

     [And the Lord said:] "Whenever and wherever there is a decline in Dharma and a predominant rise of immoral and unethical behaviour, O Bhārata, at that time I manifest myself."

3. debility

Declension

Feminine i-stem declension of ग्लानि (glāní)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ग्लानिः glāníḥ	ग्लानी glānī́	ग्लानयः glānáyaḥ
Vocative	ग्लाने glā́ne	ग्लानी glā́nī	ग्लानयः glā́nayaḥ
Accusative	ग्लानिम् glāním	ग्लानी glānī́	ग्लानीः glānī́ḥ
Instrumental	ग्लान्या / ग्लानी¹ glānyā́ / glānī́¹	ग्लानिभ्याम् glāníbhyām	ग्लानिभिः glāníbhiḥ
Dative	ग्लानये / ग्लान्यै² / ग्लानी¹ glānáye / glānyaí² / glānī́¹	ग्लानिभ्याम् glāníbhyām	ग्लानिभ्यः glāníbhyaḥ
Ablative	ग्लानेः / ग्लान्याः² / ग्लान्यै³ glānéḥ / glānyā́ḥ² / glānyaí³	ग्लानिभ्याम् glāníbhyām	ग्लानिभ्यः glāníbhyaḥ
Genitive	ग्लानेः / ग्लान्याः² / ग्लान्यै³ glānéḥ / glānyā́ḥ² / glānyaí³	ग्लान्योः glānyóḥ	ग्लानीनाम् glānīnā́m
Locative	ग्लानौ / ग्लान्याम्² / ग्लाना¹ glānaú / glānyā́m² / glānā́¹	ग्लान्योः glānyóḥ	ग्लानिषु glāníṣu
Notes	¹Vedic ²Later Sanskrit ³Brāhmaṇas

Derived terms

• आत्मग्लानि (ātmaglāni) (New Sanskrit)

Descendants

• Prakrit: 𑀕𑀺𑀮𑀸𑀦𑀺 (gilāni)
• → Assamese: গ্লানি (glani)
• → Bengali: গ্লানি (glani)
• → Gujarati: ગ્લાનિ (glāni)
• → Hindustani: glāni

  Hindi: ग्लानि

  Urdu: گلانی

• → Kannada: ಗ್ಲಾನಿ (glāni)
• → Malayalam: ഗ്ലാനി (glāni)
• → Marathi: ग्लानी (glānī)
• → Odia: ଗ୍ଲାନି (glāni)
• → Telugu: గ్లాని (glāni)

Further reading

• Monier Williams (1899) “ग्लानि”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 374.
• Turner, Ralph Lilley (1969–1985) “glāní”, in A Comparative Dictionary of the Indo-Aryan Languages, London: Oxford University Press, page 828
• Apte, Vaman Shivram (1890) “ग्लानि”, in The practical Sanskrit-English dictionary, Poona: Prasad Prakashan, page 682
• Hellwig, Oliver (2010-2024) “glāni”, in DCS - The Digital Corpus of Sanskrit, Berlin, Germany.