ईश

See also: ईश्

Hindi

Etymology

Borrowed from Sanskrit ईश (īśa).

Pronunciation

• (Delhi) IPA^(key): /iːʃ/

Noun

ईश • (īś) m

1. (formal, literary) Synonym of ईश्वर (īśvar, “lord, husband, God, deity”)

   Synonyms: see Thesaurus:भगवान

Declension

Declension of ईश (masc cons-stem)

	singular	plural
direct	ईश īś	ईश īś
oblique	ईश īś	ईशों īśõ
vocative	ईश īś	ईशो īśo

References

• McGregor, Ronald Stuart (1993) “ईश”, in The Oxford Hindi-English Dictionary, London: Oxford University Press, page 110

Sanskrit

Alternative forms

Alternative scripts

• ঈশ (Assamese script)
• ᬈᬰ (Balinese script)
• ঈশ (Bengali script)
• 𑰃𑰫 (Bhaiksuki script)
• 𑀈𑀰 (Brahmi script)
• ဤၐ (Burmese script)
• ઈશ (Gujarati script)
• ਈਸ਼ (Gurmukhi script)
• 𑌈𑌶 (Grantha script)
• ꦇꦯ (Javanese script)
• 𑂆𑂬 (Kaithi script)
• ಈಶ (Kannada script)
• ឦឝ (Khmer script)
• ອີຨ (Lao script)
• ഈശ (Malayalam script)
• ᡳᡳᡧᠠ (Manchu script)
• 𑘃𑘫 (Modi script)
• ᠢᠢᠱᠠ᠋ (Mongolian script)
• 𑦣𑧋 (Nandinagari script)
• 𑐃𑐱 (Newa script)
• ଈଶ (Odia script)
• ꢅꢯ (Saurashtra script)
• 𑆆𑆯 (Sharada script)
• 𑖃𑖫 (Siddham script)
• ඊශ (Sinhalese script)
• 𑩐𑩑𑩛𑩿 (Soyombo script)
• 𑚃𑚧 (Takri script)
• ஈஶ (Tamil script)
• ఈశ (Telugu script)
• อีศ (Thai script)
• ཨཱི་ཤ (Tibetan script)
• 𑒄𑒬 (Tirhuta script)
• 𑨀𑨁𑨊𑨮 (Zanabazar Square script)

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-Aryan *HiHśás, form Proto-Indo-Iranian *HiHćás, from Proto-Indo-European *h₂eyḱ- (“to own; ability, possession”). Cognate with Avestan 𐬀𐬉𐬱𐬁- (aēšā-, “ability, possessions”), Tocharian B aik- (“to know”), and Proto-Germanic *aiganą (Whence English own, Danish eje).

The Sanskrit root is ईश् (īś). See also ईश्वर (īśvará).

Pronunciation

• (Vedic) IPA^(key): /iː.ɕɐ́/
• (Classical Sanskrit) IPA^(key): /ˈiː.ɕɐ/

Adjective

ईश • (īśá) stem

1. owning, possessing

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of ईश (īśá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ईशः īśáḥ	ईशौ / ईशा¹ īśaú / īśā́¹	ईशाः / ईशासः¹ īśā́ḥ / īśā́saḥ¹
Vocative	ईश ī́śa	ईशौ / ईशा¹ ī́śau / ī́śā¹	ईशाः / ईशासः¹ ī́śāḥ / ī́śāsaḥ¹
Accusative	ईशम् īśám	ईशौ / ईशा¹ īśaú / īśā́¹	ईशान् īśā́n
Instrumental	ईशेन īśéna	ईशाभ्याम् īśā́bhyām	ईशैः / ईशेभिः¹ īśaíḥ / īśébhiḥ¹
Dative	ईशाय īśā́ya	ईशाभ्याम् īśā́bhyām	ईशेभ्यः īśébhyaḥ
Ablative	ईशात् īśā́t	ईशाभ्याम् īśā́bhyām	ईशेभ्यः īśébhyaḥ
Genitive	ईशस्य īśásya	ईशयोः īśáyoḥ	ईशानाम् īśā́nām
Locative	ईशे īśé	ईशयोः īśáyoḥ	ईशेषु īśéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Feminine ā-stem declension of ईशा (īśā́)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ईशा īśā́	ईशे īśé	ईशाः īśā́ḥ
Vocative	ईशे ī́śe	ईशे ī́śe	ईशाः ī́śāḥ
Accusative	ईशाम् īśā́m	ईशे īśé	ईशाः īśā́ḥ
Instrumental	ईशया / ईशा¹ īśáyā / īśā́¹	ईशाभ्याम् īśā́bhyām	ईशाभिः īśā́bhiḥ
Dative	ईशायै īśā́yai	ईशाभ्याम् īśā́bhyām	ईशाभ्यः īśā́bhyaḥ
Ablative	ईशायाः / ईशायै² īśā́yāḥ / īśā́yai²	ईशाभ्याम् īśā́bhyām	ईशाभ्यः īśā́bhyaḥ
Genitive	ईशायाः / ईशायै² īśā́yāḥ / īśā́yai²	ईशयोः īśáyoḥ	ईशानाम् īśā́nām
Locative	ईशायाम् īśā́yām	ईशयोः īśáyoḥ	ईशासु īśā́su
Notes	¹Vedic ²Brāhmaṇas

Neuter a-stem declension of ईश (īśá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ईशम् īśám	ईशे īśé	ईशानि / ईशा¹ īśā́ni / īśā́¹
Vocative	ईश ī́śa	ईशे ī́śe	ईशानि / ईशा¹ ī́śāni / ī́śā¹
Accusative	ईशम् īśám	ईशे īśé	ईशानि / ईशा¹ īśā́ni / īśā́¹
Instrumental	ईशेन īśéna	ईशाभ्याम् īśā́bhyām	ईशैः / ईशेभिः¹ īśaíḥ / īśébhiḥ¹
Dative	ईशाय īśā́ya	ईशाभ्याम् īśā́bhyām	ईशेभ्यः īśébhyaḥ
Ablative	ईशात् īśā́t	ईशाभ्याम् īśā́bhyām	ईशेभ्यः īśébhyaḥ
Genitive	ईशस्य īśásya	ईशयोः īśáyoḥ	ईशानाम् īśā́nām
Locative	ईशे īśé	ईशयोः īśáyoḥ	ईशेषु īśéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Noun

ईश • (īśá) stem, m

1. lord, master, ruler
2. one who is a master of anything
3. a husband
4. one of the 11 Rudras
5. the number ‘eleven’ (as there are eleven Rudras)

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of ईश (īśá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ईशः īśáḥ	ईशौ / ईशा¹ īśaú / īśā́¹	ईशाः / ईशासः¹ īśā́ḥ / īśā́saḥ¹
Vocative	ईश ī́śa	ईशौ / ईशा¹ ī́śau / ī́śā¹	ईशाः / ईशासः¹ ī́śāḥ / ī́śāsaḥ¹
Accusative	ईशम् īśám	ईशौ / ईशा¹ īśaú / īśā́¹	ईशान् īśā́n
Instrumental	ईशेन īśéna	ईशाभ्याम् īśā́bhyām	ईशैः / ईशेभिः¹ īśaíḥ / īśébhiḥ¹
Dative	ईशाय īśā́ya	ईशाभ्याम् īśā́bhyām	ईशेभ्यः īśébhyaḥ
Ablative	ईशात् īśā́t	ईशाभ्याम् īśā́bhyām	ईशेभ्यः īśébhyaḥ
Genitive	ईशस्य īśásya	ईशयोः īśáyoḥ	ईशानाम् īśā́nām
Locative	ईशे īśé	ईशयोः īśáyoḥ	ईशेषु īśéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Derived terms

• गणेश (gaṇeśa, “Ganesha, son of Shiva”)
• गिरीश (girīśa, “mountain-lord, Shiva”)
• परमेश (parameśa, “the supreme being”)
• सुरेश (sureśa, “a lord of the gods, name of a god, of Indra”)

 

Proper noun

ईश • (īśa) stem, m

1. an epithet of Shiva as regent of the north-east quarter
2. an epithet of Shiva
3. an epithet of Kubera

Declension

Masculine a-stem declension of ईश (īśá)
	Singular	Dual	Plural
Nominative	ईशः īśáḥ	ईशौ / ईशा¹ īśaú / īśā́¹	ईशाः / ईशासः¹ īśā́ḥ / īśā́saḥ¹
Vocative	ईश ī́śa	ईशौ / ईशा¹ ī́śau / ī́śā¹	ईशाः / ईशासः¹ ī́śāḥ / ī́śāsaḥ¹
Accusative	ईशम् īśám	ईशौ / ईशा¹ īśaú / īśā́¹	ईशान् īśā́n
Instrumental	ईशेन īśéna	ईशाभ्याम् īśā́bhyām	ईशैः / ईशेभिः¹ īśaíḥ / īśébhiḥ¹
Dative	ईशाय īśā́ya	ईशाभ्याम् īśā́bhyām	ईशेभ्यः īśébhyaḥ
Ablative	ईशात् īśā́t	ईशाभ्याम् īśā́bhyām	ईशेभ्यः īśébhyaḥ
Genitive	ईशस्य īśásya	ईशयोः īśáyoḥ	ईशानाम् īśā́nām
Locative	ईशे īśé	ईशयोः īśáyoḥ	ईशेषु īśéṣu
Notes	¹Vedic

Descendants

• → Hindi: ईश (īś)
• → Telugu: ఈశుడు (īśuḍu)
• → Tamil: ஈசன் (īcaṉ)

References

• Monier Williams (1899) “ईश”, in A Sanskrit–English Dictionary, […], new edition, Oxford: At the Clarendon Press, →OCLC, page 171.