ܫܥܬܐ
Appearance
Assyrian Neo-Aramaic
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Etymology
[edit]Inherited from Aramaic שָׁעְתָא (šāʿəṯā); related to Arabic سَاعَة (sāʕa) and Hebrew שָׁעָה (sha'á). Doublet of ܣܵܥܲܬ (sāˁat).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ܫܵܥܬ݂ܵܐ • (šāˁṯā) f sg (plural ܫܵܥܹ̈ܐ (šāˁē) or ܫܵܥ̈ܵܬ݂ܵܐ (šāˁāṯā))
- an hour (a period of time, sixty minutes)
- ܐܝܼܬ݂ ܐܸܫܬܝܼܢ ܕܲܩܝܼܩܹ̈ܐ ܒܫܵܥܬ݂ܵܐ
- īṯ ištīn daqīqē b-šāˁṯā
- There are sixty minutes in an hour
- ܒܸܬ ܡܵܛܲܚ ܒܚܲܡܸܫ ܫܵܥܹ̈ܐ ― bit māṭaḥ b-ḥammiš šāˁē ― We will arrive in five hours
- ܘܵܠܹܐ ܕܛܵܪܹܝܬ ܬܚܘܿܬ݂ ܬܡܵܢܝܼܢ ܟܝܼܠܘܿܡܝܼܛܪܹ̈ܐ ܓܲܘ ܫܵܥܬ݂ܵܐ ܒܗܵܕ݂ܹܐ ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ.
- wālē d-ṭārēt tḥōṯ tmānīn kīlōmīṭrē gaw šāˁṯā b-hāḏē urḥā.
- You must drive under eighty kilometers per hour on this road.
- Matthew 24:36:
- ܐܝܼܢܵܐ ܠܗ̇ܘ ܝܲܘܡܵܐ ܘܠܗ̇ܝ ܫܵܥܬ݂ܵܐ ܐܵܦ ܚܲܕ݇ ܐ݇ܢܵܫܵܐ ܠܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܝܵܕ݂ܹܥ، ܘܐܵܦ ܠܵܐ ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܹ̈ܐ ܕܫ̈ܡܲܝܵܐ، ܐܸܠܵܐ ܐܲܒ݂ܵܐ ܒܢܲܦ̮ܫܹܗ.
- īnā l-awa yawmā w-l-aya šāˁṯā āp ḥa nāšā lā kē yāḏēˁ, w-āp lā mallaˀḵē d-šmayyā, illā aḇā b-nafšēh.
- But of that day and that hour no one knows, not even the angels of heaven, but My Father only.
- moment of time
- ܬܵܐ ܥܕ݂ܘܿܪ ܠܝܼ، ܠܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܗܵܘܝܵܐ ܐܸܠܵܐ ܚܕ݂ܵܐ ܫܵܥܬ݂ܵܐ
- tā ˁḏōr lī, lā kē hāwyā illā ḥḏā šāˁṯā
- Come help me, it won’t be but a moment.
- (by extension) the time
- see more in the construct state → ܫܵܥܲܬ݂ (šāˁaṯ)
- Luke 23:44:
- ܐܲܝܟ݂ ܫܵܥܲܬ݂ ܬܲܪܬܲܥܸܣܪܹܐ ܕܛܲܗܪܵܐ، ܗܘܹܐ ܠܹܐ ܚܘܼܫܟܵܐ ܥܲܠ ܟܠܵܗ̇ ܐܲܪܥܵܐ ܗܲܠ ܫܵܥܲܬ݂ ܬܠܵܬ݂ ܡ̣ܢ ܒܵܬ݂ܲܪ ܛܲܗܪܵܐ
- ayḵ šāˁaṯ tartaˁisrē d-ṭahrā, hwē lē ḥuškā ˁal kullāh arˁā hal šāˁaṯ tlāṯ min bāṯar ṭahrā
- Now it was about the sixth hour (twelfth hour at noon) and there was darkness over all the earth until the ninth hour (third hour in the afternoon).
- timepiece, clock, watch
- ܟܹܐ ܡܲܚܒܸܢ ܠܵܗ̇ ܫܵܥܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ ܫܲܦܝܼܪܬܵܐ.
- kē maḥbin lāh šāˁṯūḵ šapīrtā.
- I love your beautiful watch.
Usage notes
[edit]- Since ܫܵܥܬ݂ܵܐ (šāˁṯā) is feminine, the numbers with gendered forms display feminine gender agreement when they refer to the hour of the day. However, in some dialects of colloquial Assyrian Neo-Aramaic, masculine numbers are often used regardless.
- Masculine numbers are always used for the minutes as ܕܲܩܝܼܩܵܐ (daqīqā) is grammatically masculine. However, in some dialects of colloquial Assyrian Neo-Aramaic that use feminine numbers, they are used instead.
Inflection
[edit]isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
m | f | |||||||
singular | absolute | – | 1st person | ܫܵܥܬ݂ܝܼ (šāˁṯī) | ܫܵܥܬ݂ܲܢ (šāˁṯan) | |||
construct | ܫܵܥܲܬ݂ (šāˁaṯ) | 2nd person | ܫܵܥܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (šāˁṯūḵ) | ܫܵܥܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (šāˁṯāḵ) | ܫܵܥܬ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šāˁṯāwḵōn) | |||
emphatic | ܫܵܥܬ݂ܵܐ (šāˁṯā) | 3rd person | ܫܵܥܬ݂ܹܗ (šāˁṯēh) | ܫܵܥܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (šāˁṯāh) | ܫܵܥܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ (šāˁṯhōn) | |||
plural | absolute | – | 1st person | ܫܵܥܝܼ̈ (šāˁī) | ܫܵܥܲܢ̈ (šāˁan) | |||
construct | ܫܵܥܲܝ̈ (šāˁay) | 2nd person | ܫܵܥܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (šāˁūḵ) | ܫܵܥܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (šāˁāḵ) | ܫܵܥܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (šāˁāwḵōn) | |||
emphatic | ܫܵܥܹ̈ܐ (šāˁē) | 3rd person | ܫܵܥܘܼ̈ܗܝ (šāˁūh) | ܫܵܥ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (šāˁōh) | ܫܵܥܗ̈ܘܿܢ (šāˁhōn) |
Coordinate terms
[edit]- ܪܦܵܦܵܐ (rpāpā, “moment”), ܬܪܲܝܵܢܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (trayyānīṯā, “second”), ܝܲܘܡܵܐ (yawmā, “day”), ܫܵܒ݂ܘܿܥܵܐ (šāḇōˁā, “week”), ܝܲܪܚܵܐ (yarḥā, “month”), ܐܸܩܡܵܐ (iqmā, “season”), ܫܹܢ݇ܬܵܐ (šēttā, “year”)
Derived terms
[edit]- ܫܵܥܬ݂ܵܐ ܪܲܒܬ݂ܵܐ (šāˁṯā rabṯā, “clock”)
- ܫܵܥܬ݂ܵܐ ܚܝܼܙܵܝܬܵܐ (šāˁṯā ḥīzāytā, “hourglass”)
- ܫܵܥܬ݂ܵܐ ܡܙܲܗܪܵܢܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ (šāˁṯā mzahrānīṯā, “alarm clock”)
Classical Syriac
[edit]Etymology 1
[edit]Compare Arabic سَاعَة (sāʕa) and Hebrew שָׁעָה (šāʿâ).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ܫܥܬܐ • (šāʿṯā) f (plural ܫܥܬܐ or ܫܥܐ)
- hour (60 minutes)
- time, o'clock
- moment
- season
- (astronomy) angle, degree
- (astronomy) ascendant
- unit of weight equal to 5 oz.
- (astrology) horoscope
Usage notes
[edit]- Usually, the plural ܫܥܐ (šāʿē) is a paucal plural (from two to ten) while the plural ܫܥܬܐ (šāʿāṯā) is a multiple plural (eleven or more).
- The absolute singular form ܫܥ (šāʿ) only occurs in the compound ܟܠܫܥ (kolšāʿ, “always”).
Inflection
[edit]isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
m | f | m | f | |||||
singular | absolute | ܫܥ) ,ܫܥܐ) | 1st person | ܫܥܬܝ | ܫܥܬܢ | |||
construct | ܫܥܬ | 2nd person | ܫܥܬܟ | ܫܥܬܟܝ | ܫܥܬܟܘܢ | ܫܥܬܟܝܢ | ||
emphatic | ܫܥܬܐ | 3rd person | ܫܥܬܗ | ܫܥܬܗ | ܫܥܬܗܘܢ | ܫܥܬܗܝܢ | ||
plural | absolute | ܫܥܢ ,ܫܥܝܢ | 1st person | ܫܥܬܝ ,ܫܥܝ | ܫܥܬܢ ,ܫܥܝܢ | |||
construct | ܫܥܬ ,ܫܥܝ | 2nd person | ܫܥܬܟ ,ܫܥܝܟ | ܫܥܬܟܝ ,ܫܥܝܟܝ | ܫܥܬܟܘܢ ,ܫܥܝܟܘܢ | ܫܥܬܟܝܢ ,ܫܥܝܟܝܢ | ||
emphatic | ܫܥܬܐ ,ܫܥܐ | 3rd person | ܫܥܬܗ ,ܫܥܘܗܝ | ܫܥܬܗ ,ܫܥܝܗ | ܫܥܬܗܘܢ ,ܫܥܝܗܘܢ | ܫܥܬܗܝܢ ,ܫܥܝܗܝܢ |
Etymology 2
[edit]Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ܫܥܬܐ • (šʿāṯā) f (plural ܫܥܬܐ)
Inflection
[edit]isolated forms | with possessive pronouns | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
state | form | person | singular | plural | ||||
m | f | m | f | |||||
singular | absolute | ܫܥܐ | 1st person | ܫܥܬܝ | ܫܥܬܢ | |||
construct | ܫܥܬ | 2nd person | ܫܥܬܟ | ܫܥܬܟܝ | ܫܥܬܟܘܢ | ܫܥܬܟܝܢ | ||
emphatic | ܫܥܬܐ | 3rd person | ܫܥܬܗ | ܫܥܬܗ | ܫܥܬܗܘܢ | ܫܥܬܗܝܢ | ||
plural | absolute | ܫܥܢ | 1st person | ܫܥܬܢ | ܫܥܬܢ | |||
construct | ܫܥܬ | 2nd person | ܫܥܬܟ | ܫܥܬܟܝ | ܫܥܬܟܘܢ | ܫܥܬܟܝܢ | ||
emphatic | ܫܥܬܐ | 3rd person | ܫܥܬܗ | ܫܥܬܗ | ܫܥܬܗܘܢ | ܫܥܬܗܝܢ |
References
[edit]- “šˁh”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
- Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, pages 363a, 375b
- Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 588a, 598a
- Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 1584b–1585a
Turoyo
[edit]Etymology
[edit]From Aramaic ܫܥܬܐ (šāʿṯā). Doublet of ܣܰܥܰܐ (saca), an Arabic borrowing.
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]ܫܳܥܬ݂ܳܐ • (šocṯo) f (plural ܫܳܥܶܐ (šoce))
See also
[edit]Categories:
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms inherited from Aramaic
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms derived from Aramaic
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic doublets
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic lemmas
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic nouns
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic feminine nouns
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with usage examples
- Assyrian Neo-Aramaic terms with quotations
- aii:Time
- aii:Clocks
- Classical Syriac terms with IPA pronunciation
- Classical Syriac lemmas
- Classical Syriac nouns
- Classical Syriac feminine nouns
- syc:Astronomy
- syc:Astrology
- Classical Syriac terms belonging to the root ܫ ܥ ܐ
- Classical Syriac invariant nouns
- Classical Syriac nouns with irregular plurals
- syc:Seasons
- syc:Sports
- syc:Time
- syc:Units of measure
- Turoyo terms inherited from Aramaic
- Turoyo terms derived from Aramaic
- Turoyo doublets
- Turoyo terms with IPA pronunciation
- Turoyo lemmas
- Turoyo nouns
- Turoyo feminine nouns
- tru:Time