ܥܝܢܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

ܥܝܢܐ

Etymology

Root
ܥ ܝ ܢ (ˁ y n)
4 terms

From Aramaic עַיְנָא (ʿaynā), from Proto-Semitic *ʕayn-; compare Arabic عَيْن (ʕayn), Hebrew עַיִן ('áyin) and Akkadian 𒅆 (īnum).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʕaj.nɑː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [ʔeːnɑː]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [ʔaj.nɑː]

Noun

ܥܲܝܢܵܐ • (ˁaynā) f sg (plural ܥܲܝ̈ܢܹܐ (ˁaynē) or ܥܲܝ̈ܢܵܬ݂ܹܐ (ˁaynāṯē) or ܥܲܝ̈ܢܲܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ˁaynawwāṯā))

1. (anatomy) eye

   ܡ̣ܢ ܩܘܼܪܢܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ ܕܥܲܝܢܝܼ، ܚܙܹܐ ܠܝܼ ܓܲܢܵܒ݂ܵܐ ܒܸܫܩܵܠܵܐ ܓ̰ܲܢܛܵܐ ܕܒܲܟ݂ܬܵܐ.

   min qurnīṯā d-ˁaynī, ḥzē lī gannāḇā bišqālā janṭā d-baḵtā.

   From the corner of my eye I saw a thief taking a woman’s purse.

   • Matthew 5:38:

     ܫܡܝܼܥ ܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ ܕܦܝܼܫ ܠܵܗ̇ ܐ݇ܡܝܼܪܬܵܐ: «ܥܲܝܢܵܐ ܚܠܵܦ ܥܲܝܢܵܐ، ܘܟܹܟܵܐ ܚܠܵܦ ܟܹܟܵܐ».

     šmīˁ lāwḵōn d-pīš lāh mīrtā: “ˁaynā ḥlāp ˁaynā, w-kēkā ḥlāp kēkā”.

     You have heard that it was said, “An eye for an eye and a tooth for a tooth.”

2. fountain, spring, source
3. (figuratively) eye as a container of desire, yearn, want
4. stove burner, stove eye

Usage notes

• The many dialects, the plural ܥܲܝ̈ܢܹܐ (ˁaynē) is used for literal senses (eye) while the plurals ܥܲܝ̈ܢܵܬ݂ܹܐ (ˁaynāṯē) and ܥܲܝ̈ܢܲܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (ˁaynawwāṯā) are used for figurative senses (fountain, stove burner).

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܲܝܢܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܥܲܝܢܝܼ (ˁaynī)		ܥܲܝܢܲܢ (ˁaynan)
	construct	ܥܹܝܢ (ˁēn)		2nd person	ܥܲܝܢܘܼܟ݂ (ˁaynūḵ)	ܥܲܝܢܵܟ݂ܝ (ˁaynāḵ)	ܥܲܝܢܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁaynāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܲܝܢܵܐ (ˁaynā)		3rd person	ܥܲܝܢܹܗ (ˁaynēh)	ܥܲܝܢܵܗ̇ (ˁaynāh)	ܥܲܝܢܗܘܿܢ (ˁaynhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܥܲܝܢܵܬ݂ܝܼ̈ (ˁaynāṯī)		ܥܲܝܢܵܬ݂ܲܢ̈ (ˁaynāṯan)
	construct	ܥܲܝ̈ܢܵܬ݂ (ˁaynāṯ)		2nd person	ܥܲܝܢܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (ˁaynāṯūḵ)	ܥܲܝܢܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (ˁaynāṯāḵ)	ܥܲܝܢܵܬ݂ܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ˁaynāṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܥܲܝ̈ܢܵܬ݂ܹܐ (ˁaynāṯē)		3rd person	ܥܲܝܢܵܬ݂ܘܼ̈ܗܝ (ˁaynāṯūh)	ܥܲܝ̈ܢܵܬ݂ܘܿܗ̇ (ˁaynāṯōh)	ܥܲܝܢܵܬ݂ܗ̈ܘܿܢ (ˁaynāṯhōn)

Derived terms

• ܟܥܹܝܢ (kˁēn, “like, similar to”)
• ܠܥܹܝܢ (lˁēn, “before one's eyes, face to face”)
• ܡܥܝܼܢܵܐ (mˁīnā, “fountain”)
• ܥܲܝܢܬܵܐ (ˁayntā, “airhole”)
• ܥܲܝܢܵܐ ܒܝܼܫܬܵܐ (ˁaynā bīštā, “evil eye”)
• ܥܲܝܢܹܗ (ˁaynēh)
• ܥܹܝܢ (ˁēn)

See also

• ܕܸܡܵܐ (dimmā, “blood as a container of character”)
• ܠܸܒܵܐ (libbā, “heart as a center of emotion”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

From Aramaic עֵינָא (ʿēnā), from Proto-Semitic *ʿayn-.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʕajnɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ʕajne(ʔ)], [ʕajnɑθɑ(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܥܝܢܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܥܝܢܬܐ or ܥܝܢܐ)

1. (anatomy) eye

   Synonym: ܚܙܝܬܐ

2. fountain, spring, source

   Synonyms: ܓܠܠܐ, ܡܥܝܢܐ, ܡܒܘܥܐ

3. (botany) bulb, bud

   Synonym: ܝܥܝܬܐ

4. socket
5. guide
6. intelligence, mind's eye

   Synonym: ܝܕܥܬܐ

7. view, opinion
8. appearance, aspect
9. color/colour, sparkle, luster, brightness (e.g. of wine or gems)

   Synonyms: ܣܡܐ, ܨܒܥܐ, ܙܗܪܐ, ܙܪܩܐ, ܙܠܓܐ, ܢܘܗܪܐ

10. capital city, metropolis

    Synonym: ܪܝܫܐ

11. surface

    Synonym: ܫܛܚܐ

12. (architecture) opening, span, or arch of a bridge

Inflection

Inflection of ܥܝܢܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܥܝܢ		1st person	ܥܝܢܝ		ܥܝܢܢ
	construct	ܥܝܢ		2nd person	ܥܝܢܟ	ܥܝܢܟܝ	ܥܝܢܟܘܢ	ܥܝܢܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܝܢܐ		3rd person	ܥܝܢܗ	ܥܝܢܗ	ܥܝܢܗܘܢ	ܥܝܢܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܥܝܢܢ ,ܥܝܢܝܢ		1st person	ܥܝܢܬܝ ,ܥܝܢܝ		ܥܝܢܬܢ ,ܥܝܢܝܢ
	construct	ܥܝܢܬ ,ܥܝܢܝ		2nd person	ܥܝܢܬܟ ,ܥܝܢܝܟ	ܥܝܢܬܟܝ ,ܥܝܢܝܟܝ	ܥܝܢܬܟܘܢ ,ܥܝܢܝܟܘܢ	ܥܝܢܬܟܝܢ ,ܥܝܢܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܥܝܢܬܐ ,ܥܝܢܐ		3rd person	ܥܝܢܬܗ ,ܥܝܢܘܗܝ	ܥܝܢܬܗ ,ܥܝܢܝܗ	ܥܝܢܬܗܘܢ ,ܥܝܢܝܗܘܢ	ܥܝܢܬܗܝܢ ,ܥܝܢܝܗܝܢ

References

• “ˁyn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 251a-b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 411b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 1097a-b

Turoyo

Etymology

From Aramaic עֵינָא (ʿēnā), from Proto-Semitic *ʿayn-.

Noun

ܥܰܝܢܳܐ • (cayno) f (plural ܥܰܝܢܶܐ (cayne) or ܥܰܝܢܳܬ݂ܶܐ (caynoṯe))

1. (anatomy) eye