ܣܡܠܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܣ ܡ ܠ (s m l)
3 terms

From Aramaic סְמָלָא (səmālā), from Proto-Semitic *śimaʔl-; compare Arabic شِمَال (šimāl), Hebrew שְׂמֹאל (s'mól) Akkadian 𒆏 (šumēlum) and Ugaritic 𐎌𐎎𐎀𐎍 (šmảl).

Pronunciation

• ܣܸܡܵܠܵܐ:
  • (Standard) IPA^(key): [sim.ma.ːlaː]
• ܣܸܡܹܠܹܐ:
  • (Standard) IPA^(key): [sɪm.me.ːleː]

Noun

ܣܸܡܵܠܵܐ • (simmālā) f sg (plural ܣܸܡܵܠܹ̈ܐ (simmālē))

1. (uncountable) left direction

   Synonym: ܟ̰ܲܦܹܐ (čappē)

2. (anatomy) left hand
   • Matthew 6:3:

     ܐܝܼܢܵܐ ܐܲܢ݇ܬ، ܐܝܼܡܲܢ ܕܥܵܒ݂ܕܹܬ ܐܸܪܘܵܢܵܐ، ܠܵܐ ܫܵܒ݂ܩܹܬ ܣܸܡܵܠܘܼܟ݂ ܝܵܕܥܵܐ ܡܘܼܕܝܼ ܒܸܥܒ݂ܵܕܵܐ ܝܠܵܗ̇ ܝܲܡܝܼܢܘܼܟ݂،

     īnā at, īman d-ˁāḇdēt irwānā, lā šāḇqēt simmālūḵ yādˁā mūdī biˁḇādā ìlāh yamīnūḵ,

     But when you do a charitable deed, do not let your left hand know what your right hand is doing,

3. (by extension) small bundle of grass or produce (held in the left hand during harvesting)
4. (politics) left, left-wing

Inflection

Inflection of ܣܸܡܵܠܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person			ܣܸܡܵܠܲܢ (simmālan)
	construct	ܣܸܡܵܠ (simmāl)		2nd person	ܣܸܡܵܠܘܼܟ݂ (simmālūḵ)	ܣܸܡܵܠܵܟ݂ܝ (simmālāḵ)	ܣܸܡܵܠܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (simmālāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܣܸܡܵܠܵܐ (simmālā)		3rd person	ܣܸܡܵܠܹܗ (simmālēh)	ܣܸܡܵܠܵܗ̇ (simmālāh)	ܣܸܡܵܠܗܘܿܢ (simmālhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܣܸܡܵܠܝܼ̈ (simmālī)		ܣܸܡܵܠܲܢ̈ (simmālan)
	construct	ܣܸܡܵܠܲܝ̈ (simmālay)		2nd person	ܣܸܡܵܠܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (simmālūḵ)	ܣܸܡܵܠܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (simmālāḵ)	ܣܸܡܵܠܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (simmālāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܣܸܡܵܠܹ̈ܐ (simmālē)		3rd person	ܣܸܡܵܠܘܼ̈ܗܝ (simmālūh)	ܣܸܡܵܠ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (simmālōh)	ܣܸܡܵܠܗ̈ܘܿܢ (simmālhōn)

Antonyms

• ܝܲܡܝܼܢܵܐ (yamīnā)

Derived terms

• ܒܲܪ ܣܸܡܵܠܵܐ (bar simmālā, “demon”)
• ܣܸܡܵܠܵܐܝܼܬ݂ (simmālāˀīṯ, “on the left, unfortunately”)
• ܣܸܡܵܠܵܝܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (simmālāyūṯā, “leftism”)
• ܣܸܡܵܠܵܝܵܐ (simmālāyā, “left-hander, leftist”)

Proper noun

ܣܸܡܹܠܹܐ • (simmēlē) f

1. Simele (an Assyrian town in northern Iraq)
2. Clipping of ܩܛܵܠܥܲܡܵܐ ܕܣܸܡܹܠܹܐ (“The Simele Genocide”)

Descendants

• → Arabic: سِمِيلْ (simīl)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

Compare Arabic شِمَال (šimāl) and Hebrew שְׂמֹאל (śəmōl).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [sɛmmɑlɑ(ʔ)] (in the singular)
• IPA^(key): [sɛmmɑle(ʔ)] (in the plural)

Noun

ܣܡܠܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܣܡܠܐ)

1. left (direction)
2. (anatomy) left hand

Inflection

Inflection of ܣܡܠܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܣܡܠ		1st person	ܣܡܠܝ		ܣܡܠܢ
	construct	ܣܡܠ		2nd person	ܣܡܠܟ	ܣܡܠܟܝ	ܣܡܠܟܘܢ	ܣܡܠܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܣܡܠܐ		3rd person	ܣܡܠܗ	ܣܡܠܗ	ܣܡܠܗܘܢ	ܣܡܠܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܣܡܠܝܢ		1st person	ܣܡܠܝ		ܣܡܠܝܢ
	construct	ܣܡܠܝ		2nd person	ܣܡܠܝܟ	ܣܡܠܝܟܝ	ܣܡܠܝܟܘܢ	ܣܡܠܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܣܡܠܐ		3rd person	ܣܡܠܘܗܝ	ܣܡܠܝܗ	ܣܡܠܝܗܘܢ	ܣܡܠܝܗܝܢ

Antonyms

• ܝܡܝܢܐ

Derived terms

• ܒܪ ܣܡܠܐ
• ܣܡܠܐܝܬ
• ܣܡܠܝܐ
• ܣܡܠܝܘܬܐ
• ܣܡܠܬܢܝܐ
• ܡܣܡܠܐ

References

• “smˀl”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 231a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 381b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 1020a