ܡܠܐܟܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܠ ܐ ܟ (l ˀ k)
1 term

Inherited from Aramaic מלאכא, from the above root meaning “to send”, not otherwise used in Aramaic and only attested in Ugaritic 𐎍𐎛𐎋 (lỉk), 𐎍𐎀𐎋 (lảk), Arabic لَأَكَ (laʔaka), Ge'ez ለአከ (läʾäkä). The first two senses are Semantic loan from Biblical Hebrew מַלְאָךְ (malʾā́ḵ) through Classical Syriac; compare Arabic مَلْأَك (malʔak).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [malaʔxaː]

Noun

ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܵܐ • (mallaˀḵā) m (plural ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܹ̈ܐ (mallaˀḵē))

1. angel
2. (Christianity) fallen angel, angel of Satan, demon (an angel who rebelled against God)

   Synonyms: ܫܹܐܕ݂ܵܐ (šēḏā), ܣܵܛܵܢܵܐ (sāṭānā)

3. (archaic) messenger

   Synonyms: ܐܝܼܙܓܲܕܵܐ (īzgaddā), ܫܠܝܼܚܵܐ (šlīḥā)

Inflection

Inflection of ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܝܼ (mallaˀḵī)		ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܲܢ (mallaˀḵan)
	construct	ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ (mallaˀḵ)		2nd person	ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (mallaˀḵūḵ)	ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (mallaˀḵāḵ)	ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (mallaˀḵāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܵܐ (mallaˀḵā)		3rd person	ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܹܗ (mallaˀḵēh)	ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܵܗ̇ (mallaˀḵāh)	ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܗܘܿܢ (mallaˀḵhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܝܼ̈ (mallaˀḵī)		ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܲܢ̈ (mallaˀḵan)
	construct	ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܲܝ̈ (mallaˀḵay)		2nd person	ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (mallaˀḵūḵ)	ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (mallaˀḵāḵ)	ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (mallaˀḵāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܹ̈ܐ (mallaˀḵē)		3rd person	ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܘܼ̈ܗܝ (mallaˀḵūh)	ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂̈ܘܿܗ̇ (mallaˀḵōh)	ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܗ̈ܘܿܢ (mallaˀḵhōn)

Derived terms

• ܪܲܒ݂ ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܹ̈ܐ (raḇ mallaˀḵē, “Archangel”)
• ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (mallaˀḵūṯā, “angelic nature”)
• ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܵܝܵܐ (mallaˀḵāyā, “angelic”)
• ܡܲܠܲܐܟ݂ܵܐ ܕܒܛܝܼܠܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (mallaˀḵā dbṭīlūṯā, “guardian angel”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

From the root ܠ-ܐ-ܟ related to sending, not otherwise used in Aramaic. Compare Arabic مَلْأَك (malʔak) and Hebrew מַלְאָךְ (malʾā́ḵ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [malʔăxɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [malʔăxe] (plural)

Noun

ܡܠܐܟܐ • (malʾaḵā) m (plural ܡܠܐܟܐ (malʾaḵē))

1. messenger
2. angel

Inflection

Inflection of ܡܠܐܟܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܡܠܐܟ		1st person	ܡܠܐܟܝ		ܡܠܐܟܢ
	construct	ܡܠܐܟ		2nd person	ܡܠܐܟܟ	ܡܠܐܟܟܝ	ܡܠܐܟܟܘܢ	ܡܠܐܟܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܡܠܐܟܐ		3rd person	ܡܠܐܟܗ	ܡܠܐܟܗ	ܡܠܐܟܗܘܢ	ܡܠܐܟܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܡܠܐܟܝܢ		1st person	ܡܠܐܟܝ		ܡܠܐܟܝܢ
	construct	ܡܠܐܟܝ		2nd person	ܡܠܐܟܝܟ	ܡܠܐܟܝܟܝ	ܡܠܐܟܝܟܘܢ	ܡܠܐܟܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܡܠܐܟܐ		3rd person	ܡܠܐܟܘܗܝ	ܡܠܐܟܝܗ	ܡܠܐܟܝܗܘܢ	ܡܠܐܟܝܗܝܢ

Derived terms

• ܡܠܐܟܐ ܕܒܛܝܠܘܬܐ
• ܡܠܐܟܐܝܬ
• ܡܠܐܟܘܬܐ
• ܡܠܐܟܝܐ

Descendants

• → Malayalam: മാലാഖ (mālākha)

References

• “mlˀk”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-11-08
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 167a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 275a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 764a