ملأك
Arabic
[edit]Alternative forms
[edit]- مَلَك (malak)
Etymology
[edit]Borrowed from Ge'ez መልአክ (mälʾäk, “messenger; angel”), the plural of which is መላእክት (mälaʾəkt), itself a calque of Aramaic מַלְאֲכָא / ܡܠܐܟܐ (malʾăḵā, “angel, messenger”) and Hebrew מַלְאָךְ (malʾā́ḵ, “angel, messenger”), closer in Tigrinya መልኣኽ (mälʾax), Amharic መልኣክ (mälʾak), መላክ (mälak) of which the plural is መላእክት (mälaʾəkt). Compare the root ل ء ك (l-ʔ-k) and لَأَكَ (laʔaka), أَلْأَكَ (ʔalʔaka, “to send as a messenger”), which was regularly used as the normal word for “to send” in Ge'ez ለአከ (läʾäkä) as well as in Ugaritic 𐎍𐎛𐎋 (lỉk), 𐎍𐎀𐎋 (lảk) for which the normal Arabic word is أَرْسَلَ (ʔarsala) upon which one has formed رَسُول (rasūl, “messenger; apostle; angel”), with the same pattern native Ge'ez ልኡክ (ləʾuk, “messenger; apostle; cantor”).
Pronunciation
[edit]Noun
[edit]مَلْأَك • (malʔak) m (plural مَلَائِك (malāʔik) or مَلَائِكَة (malāʔika))
Declension
[edit]Singular | basic singular triptote | ||
---|---|---|---|
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | مَلْأَك malʔak |
الْمَلْأَك al-malʔak |
مَلْأَك malʔak |
Nominative | مَلْأَكٌ malʔakun |
الْمَلْأَكُ al-malʔaku |
مَلْأَكُ malʔaku |
Accusative | مَلْأَكًا malʔakan |
الْمَلْأَكَ al-malʔaka |
مَلْأَكَ malʔaka |
Genitive | مَلْأَكٍ malʔakin |
الْمَلْأَكِ al-malʔaki |
مَلْأَكِ malʔaki |
Dual | Indefinite | Definite | Construct |
Informal | مَلْأَكَيْن malʔakayn |
الْمَلْأَكَيْن al-malʔakayn |
مَلْأَكَيْ malʔakay |
Nominative | مَلْأَكَانِ malʔakāni |
الْمَلْأَكَانِ al-malʔakāni |
مَلْأَكَا malʔakā |
Accusative | مَلْأَكَيْنِ malʔakayni |
الْمَلْأَكَيْنِ al-malʔakayni |
مَلْأَكَيْ malʔakay |
Genitive | مَلْأَكَيْنِ malʔakayni |
الْمَلْأَكَيْنِ al-malʔakayni |
مَلْأَكَيْ malʔakay |
Plural | basic broken plural diptote; broken plural triptote in ـَة (-a) | ||
Indefinite | Definite | Construct | |
Informal | مَلَائِك; مَلَائِكَة malāʔik; malāʔika |
الْمَلَائِك; الْمَلَائِكَة al-malāʔik; al-malāʔika |
مَلَائِك; مَلَائِكَة malāʔik; malāʔikat |
Nominative | مَلَائِكُ; مَلَائِكَةٌ malāʔiku; malāʔikatun |
الْمَلَائِكُ; الْمَلَائِكَةُ al-malāʔiku; al-malāʔikatu |
مَلَائِكُ; مَلَائِكَةُ malāʔiku; malāʔikatu |
Accusative | مَلَائِكَ; مَلَائِكَةً malāʔika; malāʔikatan |
الْمَلَائِكَ; الْمَلَائِكَةَ al-malāʔika; al-malāʔikata |
مَلَائِكَ; مَلَائِكَةَ malāʔika; malāʔikata |
Genitive | مَلَائِكَ; مَلَائِكَةٍ malāʔika; malāʔikatin |
الْمَلَائِكِ; الْمَلَائِكَةِ al-malāʔiki; al-malāʔikati |
مَلَائِكِ; مَلَائِكَةِ malāʔiki; malāʔikati |
Descendants
[edit]- → Abaza: мальаикь (malᶻaikʲ)
- → Abkhaz: амаалықь (amaaləkʲ)
- → Adyghe: мэлэӏич (mɛlɛʼič)
- → Armenian: մալաք, մալախ (malakʻ, malax)
- → Avar: малаик (malaik)
- → Azerbaijani: mələk
- → Chechen: малик (malik)
- → Classical Persian: مَلَک (malak)
- → Dargwa: малайк (malajk)
- → Farefare: malɛka
- → Fula: maleyka
- → Hausa: mala'ika
- → Ingush: малайк (malajk)
- → Javanese: ꦩꦭꦲꦺꦏꦠ꧀ (malaékat)
- → Kabardian: мэлэӏыч (mɛlɛʼəč)
- → Khwarezmian: ملك (mlk)[1]
- → Kumyk: малайик (malayik)
- → Northern Kurdish: melek, milyaket
- → Lezgi: малаик (malaik)
- → Malay: malak, malaikat
- Indonesian: malaikat
- → Maranao: mala'ikat
- → Moore: malɛka
- → Ngiti: màlàyikà
- → Ottoman Turkish: ملك (melek)
- → Swahili: malaika
- Tooro: malaika
- → Tabasaran: малайик (malajik)
- → Tat: малах
- → Tausug: malāikat
- → Turkmen: melek
- → Yoruba: màlékà
References
[edit]- ^ Benzing, Johannes (1983) “mlk”, in Chwaresmischer Wortindex, Wiesbaden: Harrasowitz, page 410
- Geiger, Abraham (1833, 1902) Was hat Mohammed aus dem Judenthume aufgenommen? (in German), 2nd edition, Leipzig: M. W. Kaufmann, page 59
- Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 269–270
- Nöldeke, Theodor (1910) Neue Beiträge zur semitischen Sprachwissenschaft[1] (in German), Straßburg: Karl J. Trübner, page 34
- Arabic terms borrowed from Ge'ez
- Arabic terms derived from Ge'ez
- Arabic terms derived from Aramaic
- Arabic terms derived from Hebrew
- Arabic terms belonging to the root ل ء ك
- Arabic 2-syllable words
- Arabic terms with IPA pronunciation
- Arabic lemmas
- Arabic nouns
- Arabic masculine nouns
- ar:Mythological creatures
- Arabic nouns with basic triptote singular
- Arabic nouns with broken plural
- Arabic nouns with basic diptote broken plural
- Arabic nouns with triptote broken plural in -a