ܛܪܘܢܐ

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

Compare Ancient Greek τύραννος (túrannos).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tˤ(ə)ronɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [tˤ(ə)rone(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܛܪܘܢܐ • (ṭərōnā) m (plural ܛܪܘܢܐ)

1. tyrant
2. lord, ruler
3. rebel

Inflection

Inflection of ܛܪܘܢܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܛܪܘܢ		1st person	ܛܪܘܢܝ		ܛܪܘܢܢ
	construct	ܛܪܘܢ		2nd person	ܛܪܘܢܟ	ܛܪܘܢܟܝ	ܛܪܘܢܟܘܢ	ܛܪܘܢܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܛܪܘܢܐ		3rd person	ܛܪܘܢܗ	ܛܪܘܢܗ	ܛܪܘܢܗܘܢ	ܛܪܘܢܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܛܪܘܢܝܢ		1st person	ܛܪܘܢܝ		ܛܪܘܢܝܢ
	construct	ܛܪܘܢܝ		2nd person	ܛܪܘܢܝܟ	ܛܪܘܢܝܟܝ	ܛܪܘܢܝܟܘܢ	ܛܪܘܢܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܛܪܘܢܐ		3rd person	ܛܪܘܢܘܗܝ	ܛܪܘܢܝܗ	ܛܪܘܢܝܗܘܢ	ܛܪܘܢܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

From above, under influence of ܛܪܢܐ (ṭarrānāʾ, “flint, rock”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tˤ(ə)ronɑ(ʔ)], [tˤarronɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [tˤ(ə)rone(ʔ)], [tˤarrone(ʔ)] (plural)

Adjective

ܛܪܘܢܐ • (ṭərōnā) m (plural ܛܪܘܢܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܛܪܘܢܬܐ)

1. hard, cruel
2. contumacious, rebellious, refractory

Inflection

Inflection of ܛܪܘܢܐ

person	singular		plural
	m	f	m	f
absolute	ܛܪܘܢ	ܛܪܘܢܐ	ܛܪܘܢܝܢ	ܛܪܘܢܢ
construct	ܛܪܘܢ	ܛܪܘܢܬ	ܛܪܘܢܝ	ܛܪܘܢܬ
emphatic	ܛܪܘܢܐ	ܛܪܘܢܬܐ	ܛܪܘܢܐ	ܛܪܘܢܬܐ

Etymology 3

Compare Hebrew טָרִי (ṭārī), Arabic طَرِيّ (ṭariyy, “fresh”), Ugaritic 𐎉𐎗𐎊 (ṭry, “fresh”), Ge'ez ጥራይ (ṭəray, “fresh”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [tˤarrunɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [tˤarrune(ʔ)] (plural)

Adjective

ܛܪܘܢܐ • (ṭarrūnā) m (plural ܛܪܘܢܐ, singular feminine counterpart ܛܪܘܢܬܐ)

1. fresh
2. dry

Inflection

Inflection of ܛܪܘܢܐ

person	singular		plural
	m	f	m	f
absolute	ܛܪܘܢ	ܛܪܘܢܐ	ܛܪܘܢܝܢ	ܛܪܘܢܢ
construct	ܛܪܘܢ	ܛܪܘܢܬ	ܛܪܘܢܝ	ܛܪܘܢܬ
emphatic	ܛܪܘܢܐ	ܛܪܘܢܬܐ	ܛܪܘܢܐ	ܛܪܘܢܬܐ

References

• “ṭrwn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• “ṭrwn”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 133a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 181b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, page 549b