ܚܙܘܪܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

ܚܙܘܪܐ

Etymology

Inherited from a variant of Aramaic חֲזִירָא (ḥăzīrā); Compare Mlahsö ܚܙܝܪܐ, Hebrew חֲזִיר (khazír), Akkadian 𒄷𒍣𒊏 (ḫuzīru), Arabic خِنْزِير (ḵinzīr) and Maltese ħanżir. This form with /u/ rather than /i/ is already attested in the 9th century Syriac dictionary of Bar Ali, as a vernacular form rather than the standard form in Classical Syriac ܚܙܝܼܪܵܐ (ḥzīrā). The form with /i/ was likely used historically and survives in the month name ܚܙܝܼܪܵܢ (ḥzīrān, “June”), its feminine absolute plural.

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [xzuː.raː.], [ħzuː.raː.]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [xəzuːrɑː]

Noun

ܚܙܘܼܪܵܐ • (ḥzūrā) m (plural ܚܙܘܼܪܹ̈ܐ (ḥzūrē), feminine ܚܙܘܼܪܬܵܐ (ḥzurtā))

1. pig, swine, hog

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܙܘܼܪܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܚܙܘܼܪܝܼ (ḥzūrī)		ܚܙܘܼܪܲܢ (ḥzūran)
	construct	ܚܙܘܼܪ (ḥzūr)		2nd person	ܚܙܘܼܪܘܼܟ݂ (ḥzūrūḵ)	ܚܙܘܼܪܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥzūrāḵ)	ܚܙܘܼܪܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥzūrāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܙܘܼܪܵܐ (ḥzūrā)		3rd person	ܚܙܘܼܪܹܗ (ḥzūrēh)	ܚܙܘܼܪܵܗ̇ (ḥzūrāh)	ܚܙܘܼܪܗܘܿܢ (ḥzurhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܚܙܘܼܪ̈ܝܼ (ḥzūrī)		ܚܙܘܼܪ̈ܲܢ (ḥzūran)
	construct	ܚܙܘܼܪ̈ܲܝ (ḥzūray)		2nd person	ܚܙܘܼܪ̈ܘܼܟ݂ (ḥzūrūḵ)	ܚܙܘܼܪ̈ܵܟ݂ܝ (ḥzūrāḵ)	ܚܙܘܼܪ̈ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ḥzūrāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܚܙܘܼܪܹ̈ܐ (ḥzūrē)		3rd person	ܚܙܘܼܪ̈ܘܼܗܝ (ḥzūrūh)	ܚܙܘܼܪ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (ḥzūrōh)	ܚܙܘܼܪ̈ܗܘܿܢ (ḥzurhōn)

Derived terms

• ܚܙܘܼܪ ܒܲܪܝܼܵܐ (ḥzūr barīyā, “boar”)
• ܚܙܘܼܪܵܝܵܐ (ḥzūrāyā, “swinishness”)
• ܚܙܘܼܪܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (ḥzūrūṯā, “swinish”)
• ܚܲܙܵܪܵܐ (ḥazzārā, “swineherd”)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From Akkadian 𒄭𒂗𒍪𒊒 (/⁠ḫinzūru⁠/), a dialectal form of 𒄑𒈢 (ḫašḫūru [^GEŠḪASḪUR]). Related to Old Armenian խնձոր (xnjor, “apple”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ħazzurɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ħazzure] (plural)

Noun

ܚܙܘܪܐ • (ḥazzūrā) m (plural ܚܙܘܪܐ (ḥazzūrē))

1. apple (tree and fruit)
2. small ball, marble
3. (anatomy) upper facial protuberance; cheek, cheekbone
4. (architecture) capital; poppyhead
5. candelabrum ornament or bowl

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܙܘܪܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܙܘܪ		1st person	ܚܙܘܪܝ		ܚܙܘܪܢ
	construct	ܚܙܘܪ		2nd person	ܚܙܘܪܟ	ܚܙܘܪܟܝ	ܚܙܘܪܟܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܙܘܪܐ		3rd person	ܚܙܘܪܗ	ܚܙܘܪܗ	ܚܙܘܪܗܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܚܙܘܪܝܢ		1st person	ܚܙܘܪܝ		ܚܙܘܪܝܢ
	construct	ܚܙܘܪܝ		2nd person	ܚܙܘܪܝܟ	ܚܙܘܪܝܟܝ	ܚܙܘܪܝܟܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܙܘܪܐ		3rd person	ܚܙܘܪܘܗܝ	ܚܙܘܪܝܗ	ܚܙܘܪܝܗܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܝܗܝܢ

Derived terms

• ܚܙܘܪ ܒܪܐ (hawthorns)
• ܚܙܘܪ ܦܟܐ (cheeck)
• ܚܙܘܪ ܐܦܐ (eyeglobe)
• ܚܙܘܪܐ ܐܪܡܢܝܐ (apricot)
• ܚܙܘܪܐ ܐܪܡܝܐ (apricot)
• ܚܙܘܪܐ ܡܕܝܐ (citron)
• ܚܙܘܪܐ ܦܪܣܝܐ (peach)

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ħɑzorɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ħɑzore] (plural)

Noun

ܚܙܘܪܐ • (ḥāzōrā) m (plural ܚܙܘܪܐ (ḥāzōrē))

1. (dialectal) little mountain

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܙܘܪܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܙܘܪ		1st person	ܚܙܘܪܝ		ܚܙܘܪܢ
	construct	ܚܙܘܪ		2nd person	ܚܙܘܪܟ	ܚܙܘܪܟܝ	ܚܙܘܪܟܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܙܘܪܐ		3rd person	ܚܙܘܪܗ	ܚܙܘܪܗ	ܚܙܘܪܗܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܚܙܘܪܝܢ		1st person	ܚܙܘܪܝ		ܚܙܘܪܝܢ
	construct	ܚܙܘܪܝ		2nd person	ܚܙܘܪܝܟ	ܚܙܘܪܝܟܝ	ܚܙܘܪܝܟܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܙܘܪܐ		3rd person	ܚܙܘܪܘܗܝ	ܚܙܘܪܝܗ	ܚܙܘܪܝܗܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ħ(ə)zurɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ħ(ə)zure] (plural)

Noun

ܚܙܘܪܐ • (ḥzūrā) m (plural ܚܙܘܪܐ (ḥzūrē), singular feminine counterpart ܚܙܘܪܬܐ)

1. Alternative form of ܚܙܝܪܐ (ḥzīrā)

Inflection

Inflection of ܚܙܘܪܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܚܙܘܪ		1st person	ܚܙܘܪܝ		ܚܙܘܪܢ
	construct	ܚܙܘܪ		2nd person	ܚܙܘܪܟ	ܚܙܘܪܟܝ	ܚܙܘܪܟܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܙܘܪܐ		3rd person	ܚܙܘܪܗ	ܚܙܘܪܗ	ܚܙܘܪܗܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܚܙܘܪܝܢ		1st person	ܚܙܘܪܝ		ܚܙܘܪܝܢ
	construct	ܚܙܘܪܝ		2nd person	ܚܙܘܪܝܟ	ܚܙܘܪܝܟܝ	ܚܙܘܪܝܟܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܚܙܘܪܐ		3rd person	ܚܙܘܪܘܗܝ	ܚܙܘܪܝܗ	ܚܙܘܪܝܗܘܢ	ܚܙܘܪܝܗܝܢ

References

• “ḥzwr”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2012-09-06
• “ḥzwr²”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 101b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, page 136b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 437b–438a