ܙܘܓܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Alternative forms

• ܙܵܘܓ݂ܵܐ (zāwḡā)

Etymology

Root
ܙ ܘ ܓ (z w g)
4 terms

From Aramaic זַוְגָּא (zawgā), from Ancient Greek ζεῦγος (zeûgos), from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm (“yoke”); compare also borrowed into Arabic زَوْج (zawj) and Hebrew זוּג (zug).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [zɑwɡɑː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [zoʔa]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [zoːd͡ʒɑː]

Noun

ܙܵܘܓܵܐ • (zāwgā) m sg (plural ܙܵܘܓܹ̈ܐ (zāwgē))

1. yoke

   Synonym: ܢܝܼܪܵܐ (nīrā)

2. pair, couple, twosome
3. (poker) pair, two-of-a-kind
4. (arithmetic) even number

   Antonym: ܐܵܦܲܙܓܵܐ (āpazgā)

5. (grammar) conjugation

   Synonym: ܣܘܼܪܥܵܦܵܐ (surˁāpā)

6. (linguistics) two-stem compound word

Inflection

Inflection of ܙܵܘܓܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܙܵܘܓܝܼ (zāwgī)		ܙܵܘܓܲܢ (zāwgan)
	construct	ܙܘܿܓ݂ (zōḡ)		2nd person	ܙܵܘܓܘܼܟ݂ (zāwgūḵ)	ܙܵܘܓܵܟ݂ܝ (zāwgāḵ)	ܙܵܘܓܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (zāwgāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܙܵܘܓܵܐ (zāwgā)		3rd person	ܙܵܘܓܹܗ (zāwgēh)	ܙܵܘܓܵܗ̇ (zāwgāh)	ܙܵܘܓܗܘܿܢ (zāwghōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܙܵܘܓܝܼ̈ (zāwgī)		ܙܵܘܓܲܢ̈ (zāwgan)
	construct	ܙܵܘܓܲܝ̈ (zāwgay)		2nd person	ܙܵܘܓܘܼ̈ܟ݂ (zāwgūḵ)	ܙܵܘܓܵܟ݂ܝ̈ (zāwgāḵ)	ܙܵܘܓܵܘ̈ܟ݂ܘܿܢ (zāwgāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܙܵܘܓܹ̈ܐ (zāwgē)		3rd person	ܙܵܘܓܘܼ̈ܗܝ (zāwgūh)	ܙܵܘܓ̈ܘܿܗ̇ (zāwgōh)	ܙܵܘܓܗ̈ܘܿܢ (zāwghōn)

Derived terms

• ܒܲܪ ܙܵܘܓܵܐ (bar zāwgā, “spouse, partner”)
• ܙܵܘܓܵܢܵܝܵܐ (zāwgānāyā)

Classical Syriac

Etymology

From Ancient Greek ζυγόν (zugón) or ζεῦγος (zeûgos), from Proto-Indo-European *yugóm (“yoke”). Compare Arabic زَوْج (zawj) and Hebrew זוּג (zûḡ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [zawɡɑ] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [zawɡe] (plural)

Noun

ܙܘܓܐ • (zawgā) m (plural ܙܘܓܐ)

1. yoke, pair, couple
2. two-horse chariot
3. two-layered garment
4. balance, scale

   Synonym: ܡܣܐܬܐ

5. (arithmetic) even number

   Antonyms: ܐܦܙܓܐ (ʾāp̄azgā, ʾāp̄zəḡā), ܦܪܐ (pārā)

6. (grammar) conjugation
7. (linguistics) two-stem compound word

Inflection

Inflection of ܙܘܓܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܙܘܓ		1st person	ܙܘܓܝ		ܙܘܓܢ
	construct	ܙܘܓ		2nd person	ܙܘܓܟ	ܙܘܓܟܝ	ܙܘܓܟܘܢ	ܙܘܓܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܙܘܓܐ		3rd person	ܙܘܓܗ	ܙܘܓܗ	ܙܘܓܗܘܢ	ܙܘܓܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܙܘܓܝܢ		1st person	ܙܘܓܝ		ܙܘܓܝܢ
	construct	ܙܘܓܝ		2nd person	ܙܘܓܝܟ	ܙܘܓܝܟܝ	ܙܘܓܝܟܘܢ	ܙܘܓܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܙܘܓܐ		3rd person	ܙܘܓܘܗܝ	ܙܘܓܝܗ	ܙܘܓܝܗܘܢ	ܙܘܓܝܗܝܢ

Descendants

• → Old Armenian: զոյգ (zoyg)
  • Middle Armenian: զոյգ (zoyg), զուգ (zug), զուկ (zuk)
    • Armenian: զույգ (zuyg) — literary, զօգՙ (zōgʻ) — Kharberd, զըՙք (zəʻkʻ) — Zeitun
  • → Old Georgian: ზოგი (zogi)
    • Georgian: ზოგი (zogi)
• → Arabic: زَوْج (zawj)

References

• “zwg”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2011-09-14
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, page 85b
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, pages 111b–112a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, pages 369b–370a