ܐܪܚܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology 1

Root
ܐ ܪ ܚ (ˀ r ḥ)
4 terms

From Aramaic אָרְחָא (ʾārḥā), equivalent to the active participle of ܐܵܪܹܚ (ārēḥ, “to journey, to travel”); compare Hebrew אוֹרֵחַ (oréakh). The first sense developed from the second (now displaced by ܐܘܼܪܚܵܝܵܐ (urḥāyā)); where travelers were regularly treated as guests, and guests from other villages would typically travel long distances.

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʔɑrːxɑː]

Noun

ܐܵܪܚܵܐ • (ārḥā) m sg (plural ܐܵܪ̈ܚܹܐ (ārḥē), feminine ܐܵܪܸܚܬܵܐ (āriḥtā))

1. guest, visitor

   Synonym: ܡܣܲܚܒܪܵܢܵܐ (msaḥbrānā)

2. (archaic) traveller, wayfarer, passer-by

Inflection

Inflection of ܐܵܪܚܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܐܵܪܚܝܼ (ārḥī)		ܐܵܪܚܲܢ (ārḥan)
	construct	ܐܵܪܸܚ (āriḥ)		2nd person	ܐܵܪܚܘܼܟ݂ (ārḥūḵ)	ܐܵܪܚܵܟ݂ܝ (ārḥāḵ)	ܐܵܪܚܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ārḥāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܐܵܪܚܵܐ (ārḥā)		3rd person	ܐܵܪܚܹܗ (ārḥēh)	ܐܵܪܚܘܿܗ̇ (ārḥōh)	ܐܵܪܚܗܘܿܢ (ārḥhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܐܵܪ̈ܚܝܼ (ārḥī)		ܐܵܪ̈ܚܲܢ (ārḥan)
	construct	ܐܵܪ̈ܚܲܝ (ārḥay)		2nd person	ܐܵܪ̈ܚܘܼܟ݂ (ārḥūḵ)	ܐܵܪ̈ܚܵܟ݂ܝ (ārḥāḵ)	ܐܵܪ̈ܚܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (ārḥāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܐܵܪ̈ܚܹܐ (ārḥē)		3rd person	ܐܵܪ̈ܚܘܼܗܝ (ārḥūh)	ܐܵܪ̈ܚܘܿܗ̇ (ārḥōh)	ܐܵܪ̈ܚܗܘܿܢ (ārḥhōn)

Derived terms

• ܐܵܪܚܘܼܬ݂ܵܐ (ārḥūṯā, “hospitality, banquet, entertainment”)
• ܬܲܘܵܢܵܐ ܕܐܵܪ̈ܚܹܐ (tawwānā d-ārḥē, “guest room”)

Related terms

• ܡܐܲܪܚܵܢܵܐ (mˀarḥānā, “host”)
• ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ (urḥā, “road, way”)

Etymology 2

ܐܪܚܐ (ܡܛܚܢܐ ܕܡܝ̈ܐ)

From Aramaic רְחֵא/ܪܚܹܐ (rḥē) with a prosthetic alaph, the absolute form of רַחְיָא (raḥyā); compare Classical Syriac ܪܲܚܝܵܐ (“mill, millstone”), notice both having the feminine gender despite a masculine noun structure; compare also Arabic رَحَى (raḥā, “millstone”) and Hebrew רֵחַיִם (rekháyim, “millstone, grindstone”).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʔɪrːxeː]
• (Urmia) IPA^(key): [ʔarːxeː], [ʔɪrːxeː]
• (Nineveh Plains) IPA^(key): [ʔarːxeː]

Noun

ܐܸܪܚܹܐ • (irḥē) f sg (plural ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܐ (irḥāṯā) or ܐܸܪ̈ܚܲܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (irḥawwāṯā))

1. watermill
   • Matthew 18:6:

     ܘܡ̇ܢ ܕܗܵܘܹܐ ܬܘܼܪܩܵܠܵܐ ܠܚܲܕ݇ ܡ̣ܢ ܗܵܠܹܝܢ ܙܥܘܿܪܹ̈ܐ ܕܟܹܐ ܡܗܲܝܡܢܝܼ ܒܝܼ، ܦܲܩܵܚܵܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܐܸܠܘܼܗܝ ܕܗܵܘܹܐ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܬܸܠܝܵܐ ܟܹܐܦܵܐ ܕܐܸܪܚܹܐ ܒܩܕ݂ܵܠܹܗ ܘܗܵܘܹܐ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܡܪܘܼܦܝܵܐ ܒܥܘܼܡܩܵܐ ܕܝܵܡܵܐ.

     w-man d-hāwē turqālā l-ḥa min hālēn zˁōrē d-kēkēpā d mhaymnī bī, paqqāḥā ìwā ilūh d-hāwē wā tilyā kēpā dirḥē b-qḏālēh w-hāwē wā mrupyā b-ˁumqā d-yāmā.

     Whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in Me to sin, it would be better for him if a millstone were hung around his neck, and he were drowned in the depth of the sea.

Inflection

Inflection of ܐܸܪܚܹܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܐܸܪܚܝܼ (irḥī)		ܐܸܪܚܲܢ (irḥan)
	construct	ܪܚܹܐ (rḥē)		2nd person	ܐܸܪܚܘܼܟ݂ (irḥūḵ)	ܐܸܪܚܵܟ݂ܝ (irḥāḵ)	ܐܸܪܚܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (irḥāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܐܸܪܚܹܐ (irḥē)		3rd person	ܐܸܪܚܘܼܗܝ (irḥūh)	ܐܸܪܚܘܿܗ̇ (irḥōh)	ܐܸܪܚܗܘܿܢ (irḥhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܝܼ (irḥāṯī)		ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܲܢ (irḥāṯan)
	construct	ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ (irḥāṯ)		2nd person	ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (irḥāṯūḵ)	ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (irḥāṯāḵ)	ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (irḥāṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܐ (irḥāṯā)		3rd person	ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܹܗ (irḥāṯēh)	ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܗ̇ (irḥāṯāh)	ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ (irḥāṯhōn)

See also

• ܪܲܚܵܝܵܐ (raḥḥāyā, “miller”)
• ܡܲܛܚܵܢܵܐ (maṭḥānā)
• ܓܵܪܘܿܣܬܵܐ (gārōstā, “handmill”)

References

• “ܐܵܪܚܵܐ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, 2024 February 25 (last accessed)
• “ܐܸܪܚܹܐ”, in Sureth Dictionary, Association Assyrophile de France, 2024 February 25 (last accessed)

Classical Syriac

Etymology 1

From Akkadian 𒋞𒀖 (arḫu [SIG₄.AB₂]).

Alternative forms

• ܐܪܗܐ
• ܐܪܟܐ

Pronunciation

Uncertain.

Noun

ܐܪܚܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܐܪܚܐ)

1. half roof tile

Inflection

Inflection of ܐܪܚܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܐܪܚ		1st person	ܐܪܚܝ		ܐܪܚܢ
	construct	ܐܪܚ		2nd person	ܐܪܚܟ	ܐܪܚܟܝ	ܐܪܚܟܘܢ	ܐܪܚܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܐܪܚܐ		3rd person	ܐܪܚܗ	ܐܪܚܗ	ܐܪܚܗܘܢ	ܐܪܚܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܐܪܚܝܢ		1st person	ܐܪܚܝ		ܐܪܚܝܢ
	construct	ܐܪܚܝ		2nd person	ܐܪܚܝܟ	ܐܪܚܝܟܝ	ܐܪܚܝܟܘܢ	ܐܪܚܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܐܪܚܐ		3rd person	ܐܪܚܘܗܝ	ܐܪܚܝܗ	ܐܪܚܝܗܘܢ	ܐܪܚܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

From the root ܐ-ܪ-ܚ (ʾ-r-ḥ) related to going or travelling. Compare Hebrew אוֹרֵחַ (ʾôrḗaḥ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʔɑrħɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
• IPA^(key): [ʔɑrħe(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

ܐܪܚܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܐܪܚܐ)

1. traveller, wayfarer, passer-by
2. guest, visitor

Inflection

Inflection of ܐܪܚܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܐܪܚ		1st person	ܐܪܚܝ		ܐܪܚܢ
	construct	ܐܪܚ		2nd person	ܐܪܚܟ	ܐܪܚܟܝ	ܐܪܚܟܘܢ	ܐܪܚܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܐܪܚܐ		3rd person	ܐܪܚܗ	ܐܪܚܗ	ܐܪܚܗܘܢ	ܐܪܚܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܐܪܚܝܢ		1st person	ܐܪܚܝ		ܐܪܚܝܢ
	construct	ܐܪܚܝ		2nd person	ܐܪܚܝܟ	ܐܪܚܝܟܝ	ܐܪܚܝܟܘܢ	ܐܪܚܝܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܐܪܚܐ		3rd person	ܐܪܚܘܗܝ	ܐܪܚܝܗ	ܐܪܚܝܗܘܢ	ܐܪܚܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʔɑrħɑ(ʔ)]

Noun

ܐܪܚܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܐܪܚܬܐ)

1. Alternative form of ܐܘܪܚܐ

Inflection

Inflection of ܐܪܚܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܐܪܚ		1st person	ܐܪܚܝ		ܐܪܚܢ
	construct	ܐܪܚ		2nd person	ܐܪܚܟ	ܐܪܚܟܝ	ܐܪܚܟܘܢ	ܐܪܚܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܐܪܚܐ		3rd person	ܐܪܚܗ	ܐܪܚܗ	ܐܪܚܗܘܢ	ܐܪܚܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܐܪܚܢ		1st person	ܐܪܚܬܝ		ܐܪܚܬܢ
	construct	ܐܪܚܬ		2nd person	ܐܪܚܬܟ	ܐܪܚܬܟܝ	ܐܪܚܬܟܘܢ	ܐܪܚܬܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܐܪܚܬܐ		3rd person	ܐܪܚܬܗ	ܐܪܚܬܗ	ܐܪܚܬܗܘܢ	ܐܪܚܬܗܝܢ

References

• “ˀrḥ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2012-18-28
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 19a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 28b
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 98a