ܐܪܚܐ

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Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

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Etymology 1

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Root
ܐ ܪ ܚ (ˀ r ḥ)
4 terms

From Aramaic אָרְחָא (ʾārḥā), equivalent to the active participle of ܐܵܪܹܚ (ārēḥ, “to journey, to travel”); compare Hebrew אוֹרֵחַ (oréakh). The first sense developed from the second (now displaced by ܐܘܼܪܚܵܝܵܐ (urḥāyā)); where travelers were regularly treated as guests, and guests from other villages would typically travel long distances.

Pronunciation

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  • (Standard) IPA(key): [ʔɑrːxɑː]

Noun

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ܐܵܪܚܵܐ • (ārḥā) m sg (plural ܐܵܪ̈ܚܹܐ (ārḥē), feminine ܐܵܪܸܚܬܵܐ (āriḥtā))

  1. guest, visitor
    Synonym: ܡܣܲܚܒܪܵܢܵܐ (msaḥbrānā)
  2. (archaic) traveller, wayfarer, passer-by
Inflection
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    Inflection of ܐܵܪܚܵܐ (ārḥā)
number isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f
singular absolute – 1st person ܐܵܪܚܝܼ
(ārḥī) 		ܐܵܪܚܲܢ
(ārḥan)
construct ܐܵܪܸܚ
(āriḥ) 		2nd person ܐܵܪܚܘܼܟ݂
(ārḥūḵ) 		ܐܵܪܚܵܟ݂ܝ
(ārḥāḵ) 		ܐܵܪܚܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(ārḥāwḵōn)
emphatic ܐܵܪܚܵܐ
(ārḥā) 		3rd person ܐܵܪܚܹܗ
(ārḥēh) 		ܐܵܪܚܘܿܗ̇
(ārḥōh) 		ܐܵܪܚܗܘܿܢ
(ārḥhōn)
plural absolute – 1st person ܐܵܪ̈ܚܝܼ
(ārḥī) 		ܐܵܪ̈ܚܲܢ
(ārḥan)
construct ܐܵܪ̈ܚܲܝ
(ārḥay) 		2nd person ܐܵܪ̈ܚܘܼܟ݂
(ārḥūḵ) 		ܐܵܪ̈ܚܵܟ݂ܝ
(ārḥāḵ) 		ܐܵܪ̈ܚܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(ārḥāwḵōn)
emphatic ܐܵܪ̈ܚܹܐ
(ārḥē) 		3rd person ܐܵܪ̈ܚܘܼܗܝ
(ārḥūh) 		ܐܵܪ̈ܚܘܿܗ̇
(ārḥōh) 		ܐܵܪ̈ܚܗܘܿܢ
(ārḥhōn)
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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ܐܪܚܐ (ܡܛܚܢܐ ܕܡܝ̈ܐ)

From Aramaic רְחֵא/ܪܚܹܐ (rḥē) with a prosthetic alaph, the absolute form of רַחְיָא (raḥyā); compare Classical Syriac ܪܲܚܝܵܐ (“mill, millstone”), notice both having the feminine gender despite a masculine noun structure; compare also Arabic رَحَى (raḥā, “millstone”) and Hebrew רֵחַיִם (rekháyim, “millstone, grindstone”).

Pronunciation

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Noun

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ܐܸܪܚܹܐ • (irḥē) f sg (plural ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܐ (irḥāṯā) or ܐܸܪ̈ܚܲܘܵܬ݂ܵܐ (irḥawwāṯā))

  1. watermill
    • Matthew 18:6:
      ܘܡ̇ܢ ܕܗܵܘܹܐ ܬܘܼܪܩܵܠܵܐ ܠܚܲܕ݇ ܡ̣ܢ ܗܵܠܹܝܢ ܙܥܘܿܪܹ̈ܐ ܕܟܹܐ ܡܗܲܝܡܢܝܼ ܒܝܼ، ܦܲܩܵܚܵܐ ܝܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܐܸܠܘܼܗܝ ܕܗܵܘܹܐ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܬܸܠܝܵܐ ܟܹܐܦܵܐ ܕܐܸܪܚܹܐ ܒܩܕ݂ܵܠܹܗ ܘܗܵܘܹܐ ܗ݇ܘܵܐ ܡܪܘܼܦܝܵܐ ܒܥܘܼܡܩܵܐ ܕܝܵܡܵܐ.
      w-man d-hāwē turqālā l-ḥa min hālēn zˁōrē d-kēkēpā d mhaymnī bī, paqqāḥā ìwā ilūh d-hāwē wā tilyā kēpā dirḥē b-qḏālēh w-hāwē wā mrupyā b-ˁumqā d-yāmā.
      Whoever causes one of these little ones who believe in Me to sin, it would be better for him if a millstone were hung around his neck, and he were drowned in the depth of the sea.
Inflection
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    Inflection of ܐܸܪܚܹܐ (irḥē)
number isolated forms with possessive pronouns
state form person singular plural
m f
singular absolute – 1st person ܐܸܪܚܝܼ
(irḥī) 		ܐܸܪܚܲܢ
(irḥan)
construct ܪܚܹܐ
(rḥē) 		2nd person ܐܸܪܚܘܼܟ݂
(irḥūḵ) 		ܐܸܪܚܵܟ݂ܝ
(irḥāḵ) 		ܐܸܪܚܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(irḥāwḵōn)
emphatic ܐܸܪܚܹܐ
(irḥē) 		3rd person ܐܸܪܚܘܼܗܝ
(irḥūh) 		ܐܸܪܚܘܿܗ̇
(irḥōh) 		ܐܸܪܚܗܘܿܢ
(irḥhōn)
plural absolute – 1st person ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܝܼ
(irḥāṯī) 		ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܲܢ
(irḥāṯan)
construct ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂
(irḥāṯ) 		2nd person ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂
(irḥāṯūḵ) 		ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ
(irḥāṯāḵ) 		ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ
(irḥāṯāwḵōn)
emphatic ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܐ
(irḥāṯā) 		3rd person ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܹܗ
(irḥāṯēh) 		ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܗ̇
(irḥāṯāh) 		ܐܸܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ
(irḥāṯhōn)
See also
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References

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Classical Syriac

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Etymology 1

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From Akkadian 𒋞𒀖 (arḫu [SIG4.AB2]).

Alternative forms

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Pronunciation

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Uncertain.

Noun

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ܐܪܚܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܐܪܚܐ)

  1. half roof tile
Inflection
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    inflection of ܐܪܚܐ
state singular plural
absolute ܐܪܚ ܐܪܚܝܢ
construct ܐܪܚ ܐܪܚܝ
emphatic ܐܪܚܐ ܐܪܚܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my) ܐܪܚܝ ܐܪܚܝ
2nd m. sg. (your) ܐܪܚܟ ܐܪܚܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your) ܐܪܚܟܝ ܐܪܚܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his) ܐܪܚܗ ܐܪܚܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her) ܐܪܚܗ ܐܪܚܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our) ܐܪܚܢ ܐܪܚܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your) ܐܪܚܟܘܢ ܐܪܚܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your) ܐܪܚܟܝܢ ܐܪܚܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their) ܐܪܚܗܘܢ ܐܪܚܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their) ܐܪܚܗܝܢ ܐܪܚܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 2

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From the root ܐ-ܪ-ܚ (ʾ-r-ḥ) related to going or travelling. Compare Hebrew אוֹרֵחַ (ʾôrḗaḥ).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): [ʔɑrħɑ(ʔ)] (singular)
  • IPA(key): [ʔɑrħe(ʔ)] (plural)

Noun

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ܐܪܚܐ • (transliteration needed) m (plural ܐܪܚܐ)

  1. traveller, wayfarer, passer-by
  2. guest, visitor
Inflection
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    inflection of ܐܪܚܐ
state singular plural
absolute ܐܪܚ ܐܪܚܝܢ
construct ܐܪܚ ܐܪܚܝ
emphatic ܐܪܚܐ ܐܪܚܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my) ܐܪܚܝ ܐܪܚܝ
2nd m. sg. (your) ܐܪܚܟ ܐܪܚܝܟ
2nd f. sg. (your) ܐܪܚܟܝ ܐܪܚܝܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his) ܐܪܚܗ ܐܪܚܘܗܝ
3rd f. sg. (her) ܐܪܚܗ ܐܪܚܝܗ
1st c. pl. (our) ܐܪܚܢ ܐܪܚܝܢ
2nd m. pl. (your) ܐܪܚܟܘܢ ܐܪܚܝܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your) ܐܪܚܟܝܢ ܐܪܚܝܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their) ܐܪܚܗܘܢ ܐܪܚܝܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their) ܐܪܚܗܝܢ ܐܪܚܝܗܝܢ

Etymology 3

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Pronunciation

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Noun

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ܐܪܚܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܐܪܚܬܐ)

  1. Alternative form of ܐܘܪܚܐ
Inflection
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    declension of ܐܪܚܐ
state singular plural
absolute ܐܪܚ ܐܪܚܢ
construct ܐܪܚ ܐܪܚܬ
emphatic ܐܪܚܐ ܐܪܚܬܐ
possessive forms
1st c. sg. (my) ܐܪܚܝ ܐܪܚܬܝ
2nd m. sg. (your) ܐܪܚܟ ܐܪܚܬܟ
2nd f. sg. (your) ܐܪܚܟܝ ܐܪܚܬܟܝ
3rd m. sg. (his) ܐܪܚܗ ܐܪܚܬܗ
3rd f. sg. (her) ܐܪܚܗ ܐܪܚܬܗ
1st c. pl. (our) ܐܪܚܢ ܐܪܚܬܢ
2nd m. pl. (your) ܐܪܚܟܘܢ ܐܪܚܬܟܘܢ
2nd f. pl. (your) ܐܪܚܟܝܢ ܐܪܚܬܟܝܢ
3rd m. pl. (their) ܐܪܚܗܘܢ ܐܪܚܬܗܘܢ
3rd f. pl. (their) ܐܪܚܗܝܢ ܐܪܚܬܗܝܢ

References

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  • “ˀrḥ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–, retrieved 2012-18-28
  • Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 19a
  • Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 28b
  • Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 98a
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