ܐܘܪܚܐ

Assyrian Neo-Aramaic

Etymology

Root
ܐ ܪ ܚ (ˀ r ḥ)
4 terms

From Aramaic אוּרְחָא (ʾurəḥā), from Proto-Semitic *ʔurḫ-; related to Hebrew אֹרַח (orákh) and Akkadian 𒌫𒄷𒌝 (urḫum).

Pronunciation

• (Standard) IPA^(key): [ʔur.xɑː]

Noun

ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ • (urḥā) f (plural ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܐ (urḥāṯā))

1. (literally) road, way, path

   ܦܘܼܫ ܒܫܲܝܢܵܐ، ܐܲܣܸܡ ܒܵܠܵܐ ܒܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ ! ― pūš bšaynā, assim bālā burḥā ! ― Goodbye, take care on the road !

   ܟܠܗܹܝܢ ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܡܲܒܠܝܼ ܠܪܗ݇ܘܿܡܹܐ. ― klhēn urḥāṯā kē mablī l-rōmē. ― All the roads lead to Rome.

   • Matthew 21:8:

     ܘܪܵܒܵܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܟܸܢܫܹ̈ܐ ܡܫܲܘܝܼ ܗ݇ܘܵܘ ܠܒ݂ܘܼܫܹ̈ܐ ܒܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ، ܘܐ݇ܚܹܪ̈݇ܢܹܐ ܦܵܪܡܝܼ ܗ݇ܘܵܘ ܦܲܥܘܵܢܹ̈ܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܐܝܼܠܵܢܹ̈ܐ ܘܕܵܪܝܼ ܗ݇ܘܵܘ ܒܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ.

     w-rābā min kinšē mšawwī wā lḇūšē b-urḥā, w-ḥēnē pārmī wā paˁwānē min īlānē w-dārī wā b-urḥā.

     And a very great multitude spread their clothes on the road; others cut down branches from the trees and spread them on the road.

   • John 14:6:

     ܥܢܹܐ ܠܹܗ ܐܸܠܘܼܗܝ ܝܼܫܘܿܥ: «ܐܵܢܵܐ ܝܘܸܢ ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ ܘܫܪܵܪܵܐ ܘܚܲܝܹ̈ܐ. ܐܵܦ ܚܲܕ݇ ܠܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܐܵܬ݂ܹܐ ܠܘܵܬ݂ ܐܲܒ݂ܵܐ ܐܸܠܵܐ ܒܝܼ.»

     ˁnē lēh ilūh īšōˁ: “ānā ìwen urḥā w-šrārā w-ḥayyē. āp ḥa lā kē āṯē lwāṯ aḇā illā bī.”

     Jesus said to him, “I am the way, the truth, and the life. No one comes to the Father except through Me.”

2. (figurative) behavior, conduct, manners, way, lifestyle

   ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ ܕܐܲܠܵܗܵܐ ܛܵܒ݂ܬܵܐ ܡ̣ܢ ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ ܕܥܵܠܡܵܐ ― urḥā d-allāhā ṭāḇtā min urḥā d-ˁālmā ― The godly conduct is better than the worldly conduct.

   ܠܵܐ ܡܗܲܠܟ݂ܲܬܝ ܒܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ ܕܚܛܝܼܬ݂ܵܐ ― lā mhalḵat burḥā d-ḥṭīṯā ― Don’t walk in the way of sin.

   ܟܹܐ ܡܩܲܒܠܸܢ ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܗ̇ ܘܓܢܵܗ̈ܘܿܗ̇. ― kē mqablin urḥāṯāh w-gnāhōh. ― I accept her manners and faults.

3. (figurative) journey, manner, mode, technique, method, way

   Synonym: ܕܘܼܒܵܪܵܐ (dubbārā)

   ܠܵܐ ܟܹܐ ܡܲܚܒܸܢ ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ ܕܟܹܐ ܡܡܲܠܸܠ ― lā kē maḥbin urḥā d-kē mmallil ― I don’t like the way he speaks.

4. opportunity, room

Inflection

Inflection of ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f
singular	absolute	–		1st person	ܐܘܼܪܚܝܼ (urḥī)		ܐܘܼܪܚܲܢ (urḥan)
	construct	ܐܘܿܪܲܚ (ōraḥ)		2nd person	ܐܘܼܪܚܘܼܟ݂ (urḥūḵ)	ܐܘܼܪܚܵܟ݂ܝ (urḥāḵ)	ܐܘܼܪܚܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (urḥāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ (urḥā)		3rd person	ܐܘܼܪܚܹܗ (urḥēh)	ܐܘܼܪܚܵܗ̇ (urḥāh)	ܐܘܼܪܚܗܘܿܢ (urḥhōn)
plural	absolute	–		1st person	ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܝܼ (urḥāṯī)		ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܲܢ (urḥāṯan)
	construct	ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ (urḥāṯ)		2nd person	ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܘܼܟ݂ (urḥāṯūḵ)	ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܟ݂ܝ (urḥāṯāḵ)	ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܘܟ݂ܘܿܢ (urḥāṯāwḵōn)
	emphatic	ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܹܐ (urḥāṯē)		3rd person	ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܘܼܗܝ (urḥāṯūh)	ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܘܿܗ̇ (urḥāṯōh)	ܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܗܘܿܢ (urḥāṯhōn)

Synonyms

• (most senses): ܫܒ݂ܝܼܠܵܐ (šḇīlā)

Derived terms

• ܒܐܘܿܪܲܚ (b-ōraḥ, “through, via”)
• ܐܘܼܪܚܵܝܵܐ (urḥāyā, “wayfarer”)
• ܐܘܼܪܚܵܐ ܪܹܝܫܵܝܬܵܐ (urḥā rēšāytā, “main road”)
• ܦܪܵܫܬܵܐ ܕܐܘܼܪ̈ܚܵܬ݂ܵܐ (prāštā d-urḥāṯā, “intersection, crossroads”)

Classical Syriac

Alternative forms

• ܐܪܚܐ

Etymology

From Proto-Semitic *ʔurḫ-. Synchronically, from the root ܐ-ܪ-ܚ (ʾ-r-ḥ) related to going or travelling. Compare Hebrew אֹרַח (ʾṓraḥ).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): [ʔurħɑ(ʔ)]

Noun

ܐܘܪܚܐ • (transliteration needed) f (plural ܐܘܪܚܬܐ)

1. road, way, path, journey, course
2. way, manner, custom
3. precept, law, legal right
4. religion
5. caravan
6. sexual intercourse
7. sum, weight

Inflection

Inflection of ܐܘܪܚܐ

	isolated forms			with possessive pronouns
	state	form		person	singular		plural
					m	f	m	f
singular	absolute	ܐܘܪܚ		1st person	ܐܘܪܚܝ		ܐܘܪܚܢ
	construct	ܐܘܪܚ		2nd person	ܐܘܪܚܟ	ܐܘܪܚܟܝ	ܐܘܪܚܟܘܢ	ܐܘܪܚܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܐܘܪܚܐ		3rd person	ܐܘܪܚܗ	ܐܘܪܚܗ	ܐܘܪܚܗܘܢ	ܐܘܪܚܗܝܢ
plural	absolute	ܐܘܪܚܢ		1st person	ܐܘܪܚܬܝ		ܐܘܪܚܬܢ
	construct	ܐܘܪܚܬ		2nd person	ܐܘܪܚܬܟ	ܐܘܪܚܬܟܝ	ܐܘܪܚܬܟܘܢ	ܐܘܪܚܬܟܝܢ
	emphatic	ܐܘܪܚܬܐ		3rd person	ܐܘܪܚܬܗ	ܐܘܪܚܬܗ	ܐܘܪܚܬܗܘܢ	ܐܘܪܚܬܗܝܢ

Derived terms

• ܐܘܪܚܐ ܕܕܝܪܝܘܬܐ
• ܐܘܪܚܐ ܕܢܫܐ
• ܐܘܪܚܐ ܕܓܢܒܐ

References

• “ˀwrḥ”, in The Comprehensive Aramaic Lexicon Project, Cincinnati: Hebrew Union College, 1986–
• Costaz, Louis (2002) Dictionnaire syriaque-français ∙ Syriac–English Dictionary ∙ قاموس سرياني-عربي, 3rd edition, Beirut: Dar El-Machreq, p. 19a
• Payne Smith, Jessie (1903) A Compendious Syriac Dictionary Founded Upon the Thesaurus Syriacus of R. Payne Smith, D.D., Oxford: Clarendon Press, p. 8a
• Sokoloff, Michael (2009) A Syriac Lexicon: A Translation from the Latin, Correction, Expansion, and Update of C. Brockelmann's Lexicon Syriacum, Winona Lake, Indiana, Piscataway, New Jersey: Eisenbrauns; Gorgias Press, p. 21b-22a