کرکس

See also: کرگس

Persian

کرکس – Gypaetus barbatus

Alternative forms

• کرگس (kargas)

Etymology

From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (klkʾs /⁠kargās⁠/, “vulture”). Cognate to Avestan 𐬐𐬀𐬭𐬐𐬁𐬯𐬀 (karkāsa, “vulture”) and borrowings Classical Syriac ܩܰܪܩܳܣܳܐ (qarqāsā, “vulture”), names Biblical Hebrew כַּרְכַּס (karkas, “a chamberlain of Ahasuerus”), Elamite 𒋼𒋡𒅖𒃻 (kar-qa-iš-šá), 𒋼𒁉𒃻 (kar-kaš-šá), 𒋼𒋡𒃻 (kar-qa-šá), 𒋼𒆠𒅖𒃻 (kar-ki-iš-šá). Literally “hen-eater”, from the term underlying Persian کرک (kark, “hen”) and Proto-Indo-European *h₁ed- (“eat”).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [kaɾ.ˈkas]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰäɾ.kʰǽs]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰäɾ.kʰǽs]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [kʰäɾ.kʰǽs]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [kʰäɾ.kʰǽs]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰʲæɹ.kʰʲǽs]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰäɾ.kʰǽs]

Readings
Classical reading?	karkas
Dari reading?	karkas
Iranian reading?	karkas
Tajik reading?	karkas

Noun

کرکس • (karkas) (plural کرکس‌ها (karkas-hâ))

1. vulture

   Synonyms: لاشخور (lâšxor), نسر (nasr)

   • 1066, Asadī Ṭūsī, گرشاسپ‌نامه [Garshāsp-Nāma]:

     ز تف سر تیغ وز عکس آب
     همی در هوا گشت کرکس کباب

     zi taf-i sar-i tēğ w-az aks-i āb
     hamē dar hawā gašt karkas kabāb

     Due to the radiance of the blade's edge and the water's reflection,
     The vulture in the air was becoming roast meat.

Further reading

• Ciancaglini, Claudia A. (2008) “ܩܰܪܩܳܣܳܐ”, in Iranian loanwords in Syriac (Beiträge zur Iranistik; 28)‎^[1], Wiesbaden: Dr. Ludwig Reichert Verlag
• Dehkhoda, Ali-Akbar (1931–) “کرکس”, in Dehkhoda Dictionary Institute, editors, Dehkhoda Dictionary (in Persian), Tehran: University of Tehran Press
• Hayyim, Sulayman (1934) “کرکس”, in New Persian–English dictionary, Teheran: Librairie-imprimerie Béroukhim
• Hinz, Walther (1975) Altiranisches Sprachgut der Nebenüberlieferungen (Göttinger Orientforschungen, Reihe III, Iranica; 3)‎^[2] (in German), Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, page 149
• Horn, Paul (1893) Grundriss der neupersischen Etymologie (in German), Strasbourg: K.J. Trübner, page 189
• Justi, Ferdinand (1895) Iranisches Namenbuch‎^[3] (in German), Marburg: N. G. Elwert’sche Verlagsbuchhandlung, page 158
• Lagarde, Paul de (1866) Gesammelte Abhandlungen (in German), Leipzig: F. A. Brockhaus, page 81 Nr. 208