هميان

See also: همیان

Arabic

Etymology

From Aramaic הֶמְיָנָא (hemyānā, “belt”), spelled in Classical Syriac ܗܶܡܝܳܢܳܐ (hemyānā) and in Classical Persian همیان (hemyân). From Middle Persian [script needed] (hmbstn' /⁠hambastan⁠/, “to bind together, to encircle; girth or width”), from Middle Persian [script needed] (hm /⁠ham⁠/, “also, same; united or to be together”), from Old Persian 𐏃𐎶 (ham(a), “same, together”), ultimately from Proto-Indo-European *somHós (“same”) cognate with English same and Persian هَم (ham, “also”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /him.jaːn/

Noun

هِمْيَان or هَمْيَان • (himyān or hamyān) m (plural هَمَايِن (hamāyin) or هَمَايِين (hamāyīn))

1. belt, girdle

Usage notes

In the time of ʿUmar a زُنَّار (zunnār) would mean a belt worn by Christians, Jews, Sabians, Magians and other non-Muslims; for it had become fashionable in the Byzantine Empire under Diocletian and Constantine to wear a ζώνη (zṓnē) or cingulum which was first a symbol of servitude in public office and then in religious office. For Zoroastrians parallelly the conviction developed to wear a كُسْتِيج (kustīj, “belt”), whereas Babylonian Jews wore a هِمْيَان (himyān) הֶמְיָנָא (hemyānā, “belt”). Public officials in the Iranian empire wore a كَمَر (kamar, “belt”) without which no Iranian of distinction would go out, termed in Arabic مِنْطَقَة (minṭaqa, “belt”). With the new Muslim rulers the former girdles were imposed and the كَمَر (kamar) or مِنْطَقَة (minṭaqa) prohibited for non-Muslims. An Arabic term for “girdle” neutral from the beginning is حِزَام (ḥizām).

Declension

Declension of noun هِمْيَان (himyān)‎; هَمْيَان (hamyān)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	هِمْيَان‎; هَمْيَان himyān‎; hamyān	الْهِمْيَان‎; الْهَمْيَان al-himyān‎; al-hamyān	هِمْيَان‎; هَمْيَان himyān‎; hamyān
Nominative	هِمْيَانٌ‎; هَمْيَانٌ himyānun‎; hamyānun	الْهِمْيَانُ‎; الْهَمْيَانُ al-himyānu‎; al-hamyānu	هِمْيَانُ‎; هَمْيَانُ himyānu‎; hamyānu
Accusative	هِمْيَانًا‎; هَمْيَانًا himyānan‎; hamyānan	الْهِمْيَانَ‎; الْهَمْيَانَ al-himyāna‎; al-hamyāna	هِمْيَانَ‎; هَمْيَانَ himyāna‎; hamyāna
Genitive	هِمْيَانٍ‎; هَمْيَانٍ himyānin‎; hamyānin	الْهِمْيَانِ‎; الْهَمْيَانِ al-himyāni‎; al-hamyāni	هِمْيَانِ‎; هَمْيَانِ himyāni‎; hamyāni
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	هِمْيَانَيْن‎; هَمْيَانَيْن himyānayn‎; hamyānayn	الْهِمْيَانَيْن‎; الْهَمْيَانَيْن al-himyānayn‎; al-hamyānayn	هِمْيَانَيْ‎; هَمْيَانَيْ himyānay‎; hamyānay
Nominative	هِمْيَانَانِ‎; هَمْيَانَانِ himyānāni‎; hamyānāni	الْهِمْيَانَانِ‎; الْهَمْيَانَانِ al-himyānāni‎; al-hamyānāni	هِمْيَانَا‎; هَمْيَانَا himyānā‎; hamyānā
Accusative	هِمْيَانَيْنِ‎; هَمْيَانَيْنِ himyānayni‎; hamyānayni	الْهِمْيَانَيْنِ‎; الْهَمْيَانَيْنِ al-himyānayni‎; al-hamyānayni	هِمْيَانَيْ‎; هَمْيَانَيْ himyānay‎; hamyānay
Genitive	هِمْيَانَيْنِ‎; هَمْيَانَيْنِ himyānayni‎; hamyānayni	الْهِمْيَانَيْنِ‎; الْهَمْيَانَيْنِ al-himyānayni‎; al-hamyānayni	هِمْيَانَيْ‎; هَمْيَانَيْ himyānay‎; hamyānay
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	هَمَايِن‎; هَمَايِين hamāyin‎; hamāyīn	الْهَمَايِن‎; الْهَمَايِين al-hamāyin‎; al-hamāyīn	هَمَايِن‎; هَمَايِين hamāyin‎; hamāyīn
Nominative	هَمَايِنُ‎; هَمَايِينُ hamāyinu‎; hamāyīnu	الْهَمَايِنُ‎; الْهَمَايِينُ al-hamāyinu‎; al-hamāyīnu	هَمَايِنُ‎; هَمَايِينُ hamāyinu‎; hamāyīnu
Accusative	هَمَايِنَ‎; هَمَايِينَ hamāyina‎; hamāyīna	الْهَمَايِنَ‎; الْهَمَايِينَ al-hamāyina‎; al-hamāyīna	هَمَايِنَ‎; هَمَايِينَ hamāyina‎; hamāyīna
Genitive	هَمَايِنَ‎; هَمَايِينَ hamāyina‎; hamāyīna	الْهَمَايِنِ‎; الْهَمَايِينِ al-hamāyini‎; al-hamāyīni	هَمَايِنِ‎; هَمَايِينِ hamāyini‎; hamāyīni

References

• “هميان” in Almaany
• Freytag, Georg (1837) “هميان”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 411
• Levy-Rubin, Mika (2011) Non-Muslims in the Early Islamic Empire. From Surrender to Coexistence., New York, Melbourne, Madrid, Cape Town, Singapore, São Paulo, Delhi, Tokyo, Mexico City: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, pages 154–157
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “هميان”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[2], Vienna, column 1881