cingulum

See also: Cingulum

English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin cingulum (“girdle”), from cingō (“to gird”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈsɪŋɡjələm/

Noun

cingulum (plural cingula or cinguli)

1. The girdle of an alb.
2. (neuroanatomy) A collection of white matter fibers projecting from the cingulate gyrus to the entorhinal cortex in the brain, allowing for communication between components of the limbic system.
3. (anatomy) A ridge that girdles the base of an upper molar tooth.
4. (zoology) A distinct girdle or band of color; a raised spiral line as seen on certain univalve shells.
5. (zoology) The clitellus of earthworms.

Derived terms

• cingulotomy
• cingulumotomy
• ectocingulum
• hypocingulum
• metacingulum
• midcingulum
• paracingulum
• postcingulum
• precingulum
• procingulum

Related terms

• cingulid

Translations

Translations

• Finnish: aivovyö, cingulum

Anagrams

• glucinum

Latin

Etymology

From cingō (“to surround, encompass; gird”) +‎ -ulum (instrument noun suffix).

Pronunciation

• (Classical Latin) IPA^(key): /ˈkin.ɡu.lum/, [ˈkɪŋɡʊɫ̪ʊ̃ˑ]
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /ˈt͡ʃin.ɡu.lum/, [ˈt͡ʃiŋɡulum]

Noun

cingulum n (genitive cingulī); second declension

1. A girdle which encircles the hips; zone, belt; sword-belt; sash.

   Synonyms: cestus, cinctūra, cinctus, zōna

   • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Proverbs.31.24:

     sindonem fēcit et vēndidit et cingulum trādidit Chananeō

     She made fine linen, and sold it, and delivered a girdle to the Chanaanite. (Douay-Rheims trans., Challoner rev.; 1752 CE)

2. (figuratively) A girdle of the earth; zone.

   Synonym: circulus

Usage notes

Often found as a plurale tantum:

• 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid I.492:

  aurea subnectens exsertae cingula mammae

  her golden girdle fastened beneath her exposed breasts

Declension

Second-declension noun (neuter).

	singular	plural
nominative	cingulum	cingula
genitive	cingulī	cingulōrum
dative	cingulō	cingulīs
accusative	cingulum	cingula
ablative	cingulō	cingulīs
vocative	cingulum	cingula

Derived terms

• cingillum

Related terms

• cincticulus
• cinctōrium
• cinctūra
• cinctus
• cinctūtus
• cingō

Descendants

Many via the plural cingula.

• Balkan Romance:
  • Romanian: chingă, cingă
• Italo-Romance:
  • Italian: cengia, cingolo, cinghia, cinghio
  • Neapolitan: chienga
  • Sicilian: cinga, cigna
• Padanian:
  • Friulian: cengle
  • Venetan: senghia, zhengia
• Northern Gallo-Romance:
  • Old French: cengle
    • French: sangle
    • → Dutch: singel
    • → English: cingle
  • Champenois: ceinglle
  • Picard: chingue
  • Walloon: cingue
• Southern Gallo-Romance:
  • Aragonese: cingla, cincha, cello, cenyo
    • → Spanish: ceño (Murcian)
  • Catalan: cingle
  • Occitan: cingla, cengla

    Auvergnat: senglha

• Ibero-Romance:
  • Asturian: cinchu, cincha
  • Galician: cincho, zuncho
  • Portuguese: cilha, cincho
  • Spanish: cejo, cencha, cincha, cincho, suncho, zuncho
    • →? English: cinch
• Ancient borrowings:
  • → Albanian: qing, qingël
  • → Old Irish: cengal
    • Irish: ceangal
    • Scottish Gaelic: ceangal
  • → Welsh: cengl, cyngl, cingl
• Learned borrowings:
  • → German: Zingulum
  • → Portuguese: cíngulo
  • → Spanish: cíngulo

References

• “cingulum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• cingulum in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• cingulum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “cingulum”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “cingulum”, in William Smith, editor (1854, 1857), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Geography, volume 1 & 2, London: Walton and Maberly
• “cingulum”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Norwegian Nynorsk

Noun

cingulum n (definite singular cingulumet, indefinite plural cingulum, definite plural cinguluma)

1. cingulum