كور

See also: کور, گؤز, گور, كوز, کوز, گوز, and گوٗر

Arabic

Etymology 1

An early Semitic borrowing, ultimately derived from Sumerian 𒄥 (gur, “to twist, to wind, to turn”).

Verb

كَوَّرَ • (kawwara) II (non-past يُكَوِّرُ (yukawwiru), verbal noun تَكْوِير (takwīr))

1. to roll, to roll up, to coil, to wind
2. to make round
3. to clench

Conjugation

    Conjugation of كَوَّرَ (II, sound, full passive, verbal noun تَكْوِير)

verbal noun الْمَصْدَر						تَكْوِير takwīr
active participle اِسْم الْفَاعِل						مُكَوِّر mukawwir
passive participle اِسْم الْمَفْعُول						مُكَوَّر mukawwar
active voice الْفِعْل الْمَعْلُوم
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	كَوَّرْتُ kawwartu	كَوَّرْتَ kawwarta	كَوَّرَ kawwara		كَوَّرْتُمَا kawwartumā	كَوَّرَا kawwarā		كَوَّرْنَا kawwarnā	كَوَّرْتُمْ kawwartum	كَوَّرُوا kawwarū
	f		كَوَّرْتِ kawwarti	كَوَّرَتْ kawwarat			كَوَّرَتَا kawwaratā			كَوَّرْتُنَّ kawwartunna	كَوَّرْنَ kawwarna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُكَوِّرُ ʔukawwiru	تُكَوِّرُ tukawwiru	يُكَوِّرُ yukawwiru		تُكَوِّرَانِ tukawwirāni	يُكَوِّرَانِ yukawwirāni		نُكَوِّرُ nukawwiru	تُكَوِّرُونَ tukawwirūna	يُكَوِّرُونَ yukawwirūna
	f		تُكَوِّرِينَ tukawwirīna	تُكَوِّرُ tukawwiru			تُكَوِّرَانِ tukawwirāni			تُكَوِّرْنَ tukawwirna	يُكَوِّرْنَ yukawwirna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُكَوِّرَ ʔukawwira	تُكَوِّرَ tukawwira	يُكَوِّرَ yukawwira		تُكَوِّرَا tukawwirā	يُكَوِّرَا yukawwirā		نُكَوِّرَ nukawwira	تُكَوِّرُوا tukawwirū	يُكَوِّرُوا yukawwirū
	f		تُكَوِّرِي tukawwirī	تُكَوِّرَ tukawwira			تُكَوِّرَا tukawwirā			تُكَوِّرْنَ tukawwirna	يُكَوِّرْنَ yukawwirna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُكَوِّرْ ʔukawwir	تُكَوِّرْ tukawwir	يُكَوِّرْ yukawwir		تُكَوِّرَا tukawwirā	يُكَوِّرَا yukawwirā		نُكَوِّرْ nukawwir	تُكَوِّرُوا tukawwirū	يُكَوِّرُوا yukawwirū
	f		تُكَوِّرِي tukawwirī	تُكَوِّرْ tukawwir			تُكَوِّرَا tukawwirā			تُكَوِّرْنَ tukawwirna	يُكَوِّرْنَ yukawwirna
imperative الْأَمْر	m		كَوِّرْ kawwir			كَوِّرَا kawwirā				كَوِّرُوا kawwirū
	f		كَوِّرِي kawwirī							كَوِّرْنَ kawwirna
passive voice الْفِعْل الْمَجْهُول
		singular الْمُفْرَد				dual الْمُثَنَّى			plural الْجَمْع
		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب		1st person الْمُتَكَلِّم	2nd person الْمُخَاطَب	3rd person الْغَائِب
past (perfect) indicative الْمَاضِي	m	كُوِّرْتُ kuwwirtu	كُوِّرْتَ kuwwirta	كُوِّرَ kuwwira		كُوِّرْتُمَا kuwwirtumā	كُوِّرَا kuwwirā		كُوِّرْنَا kuwwirnā	كُوِّرْتُمْ kuwwirtum	كُوِّرُوا kuwwirū
	f		كُوِّرْتِ kuwwirti	كُوِّرَتْ kuwwirat			كُوِّرَتَا kuwwiratā			كُوِّرْتُنَّ kuwwirtunna	كُوِّرْنَ kuwwirna
non-past (imperfect) indicative الْمُضَارِع الْمَرْفُوع	m	أُكَوَّرُ ʔukawwaru	تُكَوَّرُ tukawwaru	يُكَوَّرُ yukawwaru		تُكَوَّرَانِ tukawwarāni	يُكَوَّرَانِ yukawwarāni		نُكَوَّرُ nukawwaru	تُكَوَّرُونَ tukawwarūna	يُكَوَّرُونَ yukawwarūna
	f		تُكَوَّرِينَ tukawwarīna	تُكَوَّرُ tukawwaru			تُكَوَّرَانِ tukawwarāni			تُكَوَّرْنَ tukawwarna	يُكَوَّرْنَ yukawwarna
subjunctive الْمُضَارِع الْمَنْصُوب	m	أُكَوَّرَ ʔukawwara	تُكَوَّرَ tukawwara	يُكَوَّرَ yukawwara		تُكَوَّرَا tukawwarā	يُكَوَّرَا yukawwarā		نُكَوَّرَ nukawwara	تُكَوَّرُوا tukawwarū	يُكَوَّرُوا yukawwarū
	f		تُكَوَّرِي tukawwarī	تُكَوَّرَ tukawwara			تُكَوَّرَا tukawwarā			تُكَوَّرْنَ tukawwarna	يُكَوَّرْنَ yukawwarna
jussive الْمُضَارِع الْمَجْزُوم	m	أُكَوَّرْ ʔukawwar	تُكَوَّرْ tukawwar	يُكَوَّرْ yukawwar		تُكَوَّرَا tukawwarā	يُكَوَّرَا yukawwarā		نُكَوَّرْ nukawwar	تُكَوَّرُوا tukawwarū	يُكَوَّرُوا yukawwarū
	f		تُكَوَّرِي tukawwarī	تُكَوَّرْ tukawwar			تُكَوَّرَا tukawwarā			تُكَوَّرْنَ tukawwarna	يُكَوَّرْنَ yukawwarna

Etymology 2

Likely through Aramaic from Akkadian 𒆠𒉈 (/⁠kuru⁠/, “crucible, kiln, brazier; log, thick reed; short reed mat, collection of reeds”), likely coined from Sumerian 𒄥 (gur, “a bundle”), hence a place of burning bundles of firewood or tinder. The sense of a saddle originally stems from a bundle or mat rolled and placed for cushioning; a specified sense natively coined from Akkadian 𒄀𒆤𒈣 (/⁠kuru⁠/, “short reed mat, collection or roll of reeds; a woven thing”), from Sumerian 𒄥 (gur, “to twist, to wind, to turn”).

Noun

كُور • (kūr) m (plural أَكْوَار (ʔakwār) or أَكْوُر (ʔakwur) or كِيرَان (kīrān))

1. camel saddle
2. furnace, smelting furnace, forge
3. bellows

   Synonym: كِير (kīr)

Declension

Declension of noun كُور (kūr)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	كُور kūr	الْكُور al-kūr	كُور kūr
Nominative	كُورٌ kūrun	الْكُورُ al-kūru	كُورُ kūru
Accusative	كُورًا kūran	الْكُورَ al-kūra	كُورَ kūra
Genitive	كُورٍ kūrin	الْكُورِ al-kūri	كُورِ kūri
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	كُورَيْن kūrayn	الْكُورَيْن al-kūrayn	كُورَيْ kūray
Nominative	كُورَانِ kūrāni	الْكُورَانِ al-kūrāni	كُورَا kūrā
Accusative	كُورَيْنِ kūrayni	الْكُورَيْنِ al-kūrayni	كُورَيْ kūray
Genitive	كُورَيْنِ kūrayni	الْكُورَيْنِ al-kūrayni	كُورَيْ kūray
Plural	basic broken plural triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	أَكْوَار‎; أَكْوُر‎; كِيرَان ʔakwār‎; ʔakwur‎; kīrān	الْأَكْوَار‎; الْأَكْوُر‎; الْكِيرَان al-ʔakwār‎; al-ʔakwur‎; al-kīrān	أَكْوَار‎; أَكْوُر‎; كِيرَان ʔakwār‎; ʔakwur‎; kīrān
Nominative	أَكْوَارٌ‎; أَكْوُرٌ‎; كِيرَانٌ ʔakwārun‎; ʔakwurun‎; kīrānun	الْأَكْوَارُ‎; الْأَكْوُرُ‎; الْكِيرَانُ al-ʔakwāru‎; al-ʔakwuru‎; al-kīrānu	أَكْوَارُ‎; أَكْوُرُ‎; كِيرَانُ ʔakwāru‎; ʔakwuru‎; kīrānu
Accusative	أَكْوَارًا‎; أَكْوُرًا‎; كِيرَانًا ʔakwāran‎; ʔakwuran‎; kīrānan	الْأَكْوَارَ‎; الْأَكْوُرَ‎; الْكِيرَانَ al-ʔakwāra‎; al-ʔakwura‎; al-kīrāna	أَكْوَارَ‎; أَكْوُرَ‎; كِيرَانَ ʔakwāra‎; ʔakwura‎; kīrāna
Genitive	أَكْوَارٍ‎; أَكْوُرٍ‎; كِيرَانٍ ʔakwārin‎; ʔakwurin‎; kīrānin	الْأَكْوَارِ‎; الْأَكْوُرِ‎; الْكِيرَانِ al-ʔakwāri‎; al-ʔakwuri‎; al-kīrāni	أَكْوَارِ‎; أَكْوُرِ‎; كِيرَانِ ʔakwāri‎; ʔakwuri‎; kīrāni

Descendants

• → Amharic: ኮር (kor)
  • → Oromo: koora
  • → Somali: koora
• → Ge'ez: ኮር (kor)
• → Tigre: ኮር (kor)
  • → Afar: koor
  • → Beja: koor
  • → Blin: ኮር (kōr)
• → Tigrinya: ኮር (kor)
  • → Saho: ኮር (kōr)

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

كُوَر • (kuwar) pl

1. plural of كُرَة (kura, “ball”)

Etymology 4

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

كُوَر • (kuwar) pl

1. plural of كُورَة (kūra)

References

• Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “كور”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎^[1] (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 496–497
• Fraenkel, Siegmund (1886) Die aramäischen Fremdwörter im Arabischen (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, page 254
• Freytag, Georg (1837) “كور”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎^[2] (in Latin), volume 4, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, pages 69–70, 74
• Kaufman, Stephen A. (1974) The Akkadian Influences on Aramaic (The Oriental Institute of the University of Chicago Assyriological Studies; 19)‎^[3], Chicago and London: The University of Chicago Press, →ISBN, page 65
• Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “كور”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎^[4] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, pages 1127, 1132

Ottoman Turkish

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Classical Persian کور (kōr, “blind”), itself from Middle Persian 𐫐𐫇𐫡 (kwr), 𐫞𐫇𐫡 (qwr /⁠kōr⁠/, “blind”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /cœɾ/
• (Western Western Rumelia) IPA^(key): /co̞ɾ/

Adjective

كور • (kör)

1. blind, sightless, eyeless, unable to see, or only partially able to see

   Synonyms: اعما (âʼmâ), كورمز (görmez), كوزسز (gözsüz)

2. blunt, dull, obtuse, having a thick edge or point, unable to pierce easily

   Synonym: كند (künd)

3. (of a needle) eyeless, imperforate, having no eye, having no hole

Derived terms

• كور ابه اویونی (kör ebe oyunu, “blind man's buff”)
• كور اوغلی (kör oğlu, “blundering, awkward fellow”)
• كور اولمق (kör olmak, “to become blind”)
• كور بخت (kör baht, “ill-fortuned”)
• كور بوغاز (kör boğaz, “gluttonous”)
• كور دوكوم (kör düğüm, “fast knot”)
• كور دوكیشی (kör döğüşü, “at cross purposes”)
• كور صیچان (kör sıçan, “mole”)
• كور طرناق (kör tırnak, “fingernail deficient in growth”)
• كور كوزلو (kör gözlü, “ungrateful, unthankful”)
• كور ییلان (kör yılan, “blindworm”)
• كوردل (kördil, “senseless, foolish”)
• كورشبك (körşebek, “mole”)
• كورلتمك (körletmek, “to make blind”)
• كورلك (körlük, “blindness”)
• كورلمك (körlemek, “to act as though blind”)
• كورلنمك (körlenmek, “to become blind”)
• نانكور (nankör, “ungrateful, unthankful”)

Descendants

• Turkish: kör
• → Albanian: qorr
• → Middle Armenian: քոռ (kʻoṙ)
  • Armenian: քոռ (kʻoṙ), քյոռ (kʻyoṙ)
• → Bulgarian: кьор (kjor)
• → Georgian: ქორი (kori)
• → Macedonian: ќор (ḱor)
• → Romanian: chior
• → Serbo-Croatian: ћор, ćor

Further reading

click to expand

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “كور”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 657
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “kör1”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 2790
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “كور”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[5], Vienna: F. Beck, page 399b
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “كور”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[6], Constantinople: Mihran, page 1048
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1687) “Cæcus”, in Complementum thesauri linguarum orientalium, seu onomasticum latino-turcico-arabico-persicum, simul idem index verborum lexici turcico-arabico-persici, quod latinâ, germanicâ, aliarumque linguarum adjectâ nomenclatione nuper in lucem editum‎^[7], Vienna, column 131
• Meninski, Franciszek à Mesgnien (1680) “كور”, in Thesaurus linguarum orientalium, Turcicae, Arabicae, Persicae, praecipuas earum opes à Turcis peculiariter usurpatas continens, nimirum Lexicon Turkico-Arabico-Persicum‎^[8], Vienna, column 4060
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “kör”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “كور”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[9], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1585

Etymology 2

Inherited from Proto-Common Turkic *kür (“bold, stout-hearted; well-fed, abundant”); cognate with Old Turkic 𐰚𐰇𐰼 (kür) and Kipchak [script needed] (gür).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ɟyɾ/

Adjective

كور • (gür)

1. abundant, copious, exuberant, bountiful, profuse, fully sufficient, found in great quantity

   Synonym: بول (bol)

2. (of vegetation) dense, thick, lush, luxuriant, bushy, difficult to penetrate, teeming with life

   Synonym: صیق (sık)

3. (of vegetation) rank, strong in growth, growing with vigour or rapidity, hence coarse or gross

Derived terms

• كور سس (gür ses, “in full voice”)
• كور صاچ (gür saç, “abundant hair”)
• كورلك (gürlük, “abundance, exuberance”)
• كورلنمك (gürlenmek, “to become abundant”)

Descendants

• Turkish: gür

Further reading

click to expand

• Barbier de Meynard, Charles (1886) “كور”, in Dictionnaire turc-français, volume II, Paris: E. Leroux, page 658
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “gür2”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), volume 1, Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 1808
• Hindoglu, Artin (1838) “كور”, in Hazine-i lûgat ou dictionnaire abrégé turc-français‎^[10], Vienna: F. Beck, page 399b
• Kélékian, Diran (1911) “كور”, in Dictionnaire turc-français‎^[11], Constantinople: Mihran, page 1048
• Avery, Robert et al., editors (2013), “gür 1”, in The Redhouse Dictionary Turkish/Ottoman English, 21st edition, Istanbul: Sev Yayıncılık, →ISBN
• Nişanyan, Sevan (2002–) “gür1”, in Nişanyan Sözlük
• Redhouse, James W. (1890) “كور”, in A Turkish and English Lexicon‎^[12], Constantinople: A. H. Boyajian, page 1585

Uyghur

Etymology

From Persian کور (kur).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /kor/

Adjective

كور • (kor)

1. blind

Further reading

• Schwarz, Henry G. (1992) An Uyghur-English Dictionary (East Asian Research Aids & Translations; 3), Bellingham, Washington: Center for East Asian Studies, Western Washington University, →ISBN