كذين

Arabic

Alternative forms

• كُدِين (kudīn), كُوذِين (kūḏīn), كُودِين (kūdīn), كُذِينَق (kuḏīnaq), كُذِينَة (kuḏīna), كُوذِينَة (kūḏīna)

Etymology

From the Middle Persian ancestor of, it is said, Classical Persian کدنگ (kudang), کدنگه (kodanga, “fuller’s beetle”), but گزینه (gazina) also has this meaning, and the Arabic poet’s locus is vocalized with fatḥa in the first syllable by some editors. For the second vowel discrepancy compare پودنه (pudena) and related forms. They also mirror the mid consonant variation in Classical Persian کوتنگ (kōtang, “washer’s beetle”) and کوتک (kūtak, “cudgel, club, pestle”), کتک (kotak, kotk, “club, short stick for grinding, pestle”), Pashto کوتک (kōtak, “cudgel, club, pestle; a wood for washing clothes”). Further there are relations with Khwarezmian [script needed] (ckwndyk, “hammer”), [script needed] (ckwnd-, “to hammer, to forge”), [script needed] (ʾkwnd-, “to beetle, to waulk”), and one has to adduce Ottoman Turkish كوتك (kötek, “bat, cudgel; beating, cudgelling”), Azerbaijani kötək (“wooden rod, bludgeon, cudgel; beating therewith”) and Tatar кутак (qutaq, “male member, willy”). Note also Persian کژک (kažak, “hook or crook; crooked stick […]; wards of a lock”), کژه (kaža, “hook or crook; a piece of wood so placed as to prevent a lock from being opened”) which explains the inauspicious Russian кута́к (kuták, “door latch”), apart from the known кута́к (kuták, “willy, hot rod, hammer, ramrod”), although the surface relates کژ (kaž, “crooked”). Ultimately well-known suffixes which Monchi-Zadeh considers most likely appended to descendants of Proto-Iranian *gádaH, Proto-Indo-Iranian *gadaH (“club”), unextended in Persian گز (gaz, “yard”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ku.ðiːn/

Noun

كُذِين • (kuḏīn) m (plural كَوَاذِين (kawāḏīn))

1. (obsolete) fuller’s beetle

   Synonyms: مِدَقّ (midaqq), مِدَقَّة (midaqqa), مِكْبَس (mikbas), بَيْزَر (bayzar), بَيْذَر (bayḏar), بَيْزَارَة (bayzāra), وَبِيل (wabīl), مِكْمَدَة (mikmada)

   • a. 861, دعبل الخزاعي [Diʿbil al-Ḵuzāʿīy], اصرميني يا خلقة المجدار (first line)‎^[1]:

     اِصرِميني يا خِلقَةَ المِجدارِ … وَصِليني بِطولِ بُعدِ المَزارِ
     فَلَقَد سُمَيتي بِوَجهِكِ وَالوَص … لِ قُروحاً أُعيتُ عَلى المِسبارِ
     ذَقنٌ ناقِصٌ وَأَنفٌ طَويلٌ … وَجَبينٌ كَساجَةِ القُسطارِ
     طالَ لَيلي بِها فَبِتُّ أُنادي … يا لَثارَاتِ مُستَضاءِ النَهارِ
     قامَةُ الفُصعُلِ الضَئيلِ وَكَفٌّ … خِنصَراها كُذَينَقا قَصّارِ

     (please add an English translation of this quotation)

   • a. 1000, المقدسي, edited by Michael Jan de Goeje, أحسن التقاسيم في معرفة الأقاليم [ʾaḥsan at-taqāsīm fī maʿrifa al-ʾaqālīm] (Bibliotheca Geographorum Arabicorum; 3)‎^[2], Leiden: E. J. Brill, published 1877, 1906, page 145 line 7:
   • a. 1283, Abū Yahyā Zakariyāʾ ibn Muhammad al-Qazwīnīy, edited by Ferdinand Wüstenfeld, آثار البلاد وأخبار العباد [ʾāṯār al-bilād wa-ʾaḵbār al-ʿibād]‎^[3], Göttingen: Verlag der Dieterichschen Buchhandlung, published 1848, pages 150 line 15 and 22:

Declension

Declension of noun كُذِين (kuḏīn)

Singular	basic singular triptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	كُذِين kuḏīn	الْكُذِين al-kuḏīn	كُذِين kuḏīn
Nominative	كُذِينٌ kuḏīnun	الْكُذِينُ al-kuḏīnu	كُذِينُ kuḏīnu
Accusative	كُذِينًا kuḏīnan	الْكُذِينَ al-kuḏīna	كُذِينَ kuḏīna
Genitive	كُذِينٍ kuḏīnin	الْكُذِينِ al-kuḏīni	كُذِينِ kuḏīni
Dual	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	كُذِينَيْن kuḏīnayn	الْكُذِينَيْن al-kuḏīnayn	كُذِينَيْ kuḏīnay
Nominative	كُذِينَانِ kuḏīnāni	الْكُذِينَانِ al-kuḏīnāni	كُذِينَا kuḏīnā
Accusative	كُذِينَيْنِ kuḏīnayni	الْكُذِينَيْنِ al-kuḏīnayni	كُذِينَيْ kuḏīnay
Genitive	كُذِينَيْنِ kuḏīnayni	الْكُذِينَيْنِ al-kuḏīnayni	كُذِينَيْ kuḏīnay
Plural	basic broken plural diptote
	Indefinite	Definite	Construct
Informal	كَوَاذِين kawāḏīn	الْكَوَاذِين al-kawāḏīn	كَوَاذِين kawāḏīn
Nominative	كَوَاذِينُ kawāḏīnu	الْكَوَاذِينُ al-kawāḏīnu	كَوَاذِينُ kawāḏīnu
Accusative	كَوَاذِينَ kawāḏīna	الْكَوَاذِينَ al-kawāḏīna	كَوَاذِينَ kawāḏīna
Genitive	كَوَاذِينَ kawāḏīna	الْكَوَاذِينِ al-kawāḏīni	كَوَاذِينِ kawāḏīni

References

• Michael Jan de Goeje, editor (1879), Indices, glossarium et addenda et emendanda ad part. I–III (Bibliotheca Geographorum Arabicorum; 7)‎^[4] (in Latin), Leiden: E. J. Brill, published 1879, page 339
• Levitskaja, L. S., Dybo, A. V., Rassadin, V. I. (1997) Etimologičeskij slovarʹ tjurkskix jazykov [Etymological Dictionary of Turkic Languages] (in Russian), volume V, Moscow: Jazyki russkoj kulʹtury, pages 123–124
• Monchi-Zadeh, Davoud (1990) Wörter aus Xurāsān und ihre Herkunft (Acta Iranica; 29)‎^[5] (in German), Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 195 Nr. 573 redirecting to pages 59–60 Nr. 174