کژ

See also: کر, گز, گر, and کز

Persian

Pronunciation

• (Classical Persian) IPA^(key): [kaʒ]

 

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰäʒ]

• (Dari, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰäʒ]
  • (Kabuli) IPA^(key): [kʰäʒ]
  • (Hazaragi) IPA^(key): [kʰäʒ]

• (Iran, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰʲæʒ]

• (Tajik, formal) IPA^(key): [kʰäʒ]

Readings
Classical reading?	kaž
Dari reading?	kaž
Iranian reading?	kaž
Tajik reading?	kaž

Etymology 1

From Middle Persian [script needed] (kaž, gaz), from Proto-Indo-European *kog-, *keg-, *keng- (“peg, hook, claw”). Related to چنگ (čang). Cognate with English hook.

Adjective

کژ • (kaž) (comparative کژتَر (kaž-tar), superlative کژتَرین (kaž-tarin))

1. Alternative form of کج (kaj, “crooked”)
   • c. 1260s, Jalāl ad-Dīn Mohammad Rūmī, translated by Reynold A. Nicholson, مثنوی معنوی [Masnavi-ye-Ma'navi], volume II, verse 317:

     و آن فسون دیو در دلهای کژ
     میرود چون کفش کژ در پای کژ

     u ān fasūn-i dēw dar dil-hā-i kaž
     mē-rawad čōn kafš-i kaž dar pā-i kaž

     While the spell of the Devil goes into crooked hearts
     as a crooked shoe on to a crooked foot.

Derived terms

• کژی (kaži)
• کژدم (každom)

References

• Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864) “کژ”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎^[1] (in Latin), volume II, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 828
• Nourai, Ali (2011) An Etymological Dictionary of Persian, English and other Indo-European Languages, page 217

Etymology 2

From Middle Persian [script needed] (kač). Akin to Old Armenian կաճ (kač, “felt”), Old Georgian ყაჭი (q̇ač̣i), Aramaic קָזָא / קָאזָא (qāzzā), Arabic خَزّ (ḵazz), قَزّ (qazz, “silk”), possibly also Sanskrit कोशज (kośaja, “coming from the cocoon, silk”) and Ancient Greek χάσδιον (khásdion, “a kind of silk-cloth”). (This etymology is missing or incomplete. Please add to it, or discuss it at the Etymology scriptorium.)

Alternative forms

• کز (kaz), کج (kaj), غژ (ğaž), قز (qaz)

Noun

کژ • (kaž)

1. a type of silk

Derived terms

• کژاگند (kažâgand), کژاغند (kažâğand), کژاکند (kažâkand), قزاگند (qazâgand), قزاغند (qazâgand), قزاکند (qazâkand), کزاگند (kazâgand), کزاغند (kazâğand), کجاغند (kajâğand), کجاکند (kajâkand)

References

• Asbaghi, Asya (1988) Persische Lehnwörter im Arabischen‎^[2] (in German), Wiesbaden: Harrassowitz, →ISBN, page 218
• Марр, Н. (1925) “По поводу русского слова "сало" в древнеармянском описании хазарской трапезы VII в. [Regarding the Russian word "сало" in a 7th century Old Armenian description of a Khazar meal]”, in Тексты и разыскания по кавказской филологии. Том 1 (in Russian), Leningrad: Academy Press, page 115 of 66–125
• Tietze, Andreas (1967) “Persian Loanwords in Anatolian Turkish”, in Oriens, volume 20, in collaboration with Gilbert Lazard, →DOI, § 72, page 147 of 125–168
• Vullers, Johann August (1856–1864) “کژ”, in Lexicon Persico-Latinum etymologicum cum linguis maxime cognatis Sanscrita et Zendica et Pehlevica comparatum, e lexicis persice scriptis Borhâni Qâtiu, Haft Qulzum et Bahâri agam et persico-turcico Farhangi-Shuûrî confectum, adhibitis etiam Castelli, Meninski, Richardson et aliorum operibus et auctoritate scriptorum Persicorum adauctum‎^[3] (in Latin), volume II, Gießen: J. Ricker, page 828
• Zieme, Peter (1995) “Philologische Bemerkungen zu einigen alttürkischen Stoffnamen”, in Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hungaricae‎^[4] (in German), volume 48, number 3, pages 493–494