ـگان

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Persian

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Pronunciation

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Readings
Classical reading?
Dari reading?
Iranian reading?
Tajik reading?

Etymology 1

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From Middle Persian [Book Pahlavi needed] (-kʾn' /⁠-(a)gān⁠/). Compare Old Armenian -ական (-akan), an Iranian borrowing.

Suffix

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ـگان (-gân)

  1. a suffix used to form adjectives and nouns with the meaning of "pertaining to" or "relating to" but many have developed to more specific meanings
    راه (râh, way) → ‎رایگان (râygân, free, literally something that can be found on the way)
    شاه (šâh, king) → ‎شایگان (šâygân, royal, kingly, treasure, valuable thing)
    ده (deh, village) → ‎دهقان (dehqân, villager, farmer, literally pertaining to the village)
    بازار (bâzâr, market) → ‎بازرگان (bâzargân, merchant, trader)
    مهر (mehr, month of Mehr) → ‎مهرگان (mehrgân, Mehregan, a Persian celebration that takes place in the month of Mehr)
    جنوب (jonub, south) → ‎جنوبگان (jonubgân, Antarctica)
Derived terms
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Etymology 2

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Alternative forms

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Suffix

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ـگان (-gân)

  1. a suffix forming the plural of animate nouns, with some exceptions; the main form is ـان (an), but it becomes ـگان (-gân) after a silent ه (h), ـیان after و or ا
    پرنده (parande, bird) → ‎پرندگان (parandegân, birds)
    پله (pelle, stair) → ‎پلکان (pellekân, stairs)
    نیا (niyâ, ancestor) → ‎نیاکان (niyâkân, ancestors)