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عنكبوت

From Wiktionary, the free dictionary
See also: عنکبوت

Arabic

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عَنْكَبُوت
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Root
ع ن ك ب (ʕ n k b)
3 terms

Alternative forms

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Etymology

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Parallelling Ancient North Arabian 𐪒𐪌𐪋𐪈𐪉 (ʿnkbt, “spider”). Also found as Hebrew עַכָּבִישׁ (ʿakkābīš, “spider”) and Aramaic עַכָּבִיתָא (ʿakkāḇīṯā) / עַכּוּבִיתָא (ʿakkūḇīṯā, “spider”). For the formation compare Aramaic חִפּוּשִׂיתָא / חִיפּוּשִׂיתָא (ḥippūśīṯā, “beetle”) (source of خُنْفُسَاء (ḵunfusāʔ)). If formed the same, to be juxtaposed with عَكِبَ (ʕakiba, “to have a heavy chin and thick lips; to have the fingers or toes set close together”) and عَكْب (ʕakb, “agile”). This etymology is incomplete. You can help Wiktionary by elaborating on the origins of this term.

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ʕan.ka.buːt/
    • (Moroccan) IPA(key): /ʕan.kbuːt/

Noun

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عَنْكَبُوت • (ʕankabūt) f or m (plural عَنَاكِب (ʕanākib) or عَنَاكِيب (ʕanākīb) or عَنْكَبُوتَات (ʕankabūtāt), masculine عَنْكَب (ʕankab))

  1. spider
    • 609–632 CE, Qur'an, 29:41:
      مَثَلُ ٱلَّذِينَ ٱتَّخَذُوا مِنْ دُونِ ٱللّٰهِ أَوْلِيَاءَ كَمَثَلِ ٱلْعَنْكَبُوتِ ٱتَّخَذَتْ بَيْتًا وَإِنَّ أَوْهَنَ ٱلْبُيُوتِ لَبَيْتُ ٱلْعَنْكَبُوتِ لَوْ كَانُوا يَعْلَمُونَ
      maṯalu llaḏīna ttaḵaḏū min dūni llāhi ʔawliyāʔa kamaṯali l-ʕankabūti ttaḵaḏat baytan wa-ʔinna ʔawhana l-buyūti la-baytu l-ʕankabūti law kānū yaʕlamūna
      The example of those who take allies other than God is like that of the spider who makes a home. And indeed, the weakest of homes is the home of the spider, if they only knew.
    • 1025, ابن سينا [Avicenna], القانون في الطب [Canon Medicinae]:
      نسج العنكبوت يقطع نزف الدم اذا جعل على الجراحات اذا وضع نسجه على القروح منعها ان يرم اذا طبخ العنكبوت الغليظه النسج الابيض بدهن ورد وقطر في الاذن سكن وجعها وقال بعضهم ان نسج العنكبوت اذا خلط ببعض المراهم ولطخ على خرقه كتان والزفت على الجبهة او الصدغين ابرا من حمى الغب وزعم القوم ان نسج الصنف الذي يكون نسجه كثيفا ابيض اذا شدفي جلد وعلق على العنق او العضه ابرا حمى الغب وقال ديسقوريدوس ابرا من حمى الربع.
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension

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Declension of noun عَنْكَبُوت (ʕankabūt)
Singular basic singular triptote
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal عَنْكَبُوت
ʕankabūt 		الْعَنْكَبُوت
al-ʕankabūt 		عَنْكَبُوت
ʕankabūt
Nominative عَنْكَبُوتٌ
ʕankabūtun 		الْعَنْكَبُوتُ
al-ʕankabūtu 		عَنْكَبُوتُ
ʕankabūtu
Accusative عَنْكَبُوتًا
ʕankabūtan 		الْعَنْكَبُوتَ
al-ʕankabūta 		عَنْكَبُوتَ
ʕankabūta
Genitive عَنْكَبُوتٍ
ʕankabūtin 		الْعَنْكَبُوتِ
al-ʕankabūti 		عَنْكَبُوتِ
ʕankabūti
Dual Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal عَنْكَبُوتَيْن
ʕankabūtayn 		الْعَنْكَبُوتَيْن
al-ʕankabūtayn 		عَنْكَبُوتَيْ
ʕankabūtay
Nominative عَنْكَبُوتَانِ
ʕankabūtāni 		الْعَنْكَبُوتَانِ
al-ʕankabūtāni 		عَنْكَبُوتَا
ʕankabūtā
Accusative عَنْكَبُوتَيْنِ
ʕankabūtayni 		الْعَنْكَبُوتَيْنِ
al-ʕankabūtayni 		عَنْكَبُوتَيْ
ʕankabūtay
Genitive عَنْكَبُوتَيْنِ
ʕankabūtayni 		الْعَنْكَبُوتَيْنِ
al-ʕankabūtayni 		عَنْكَبُوتَيْ
ʕankabūtay
Plural basic broken plural diptote‎; sound feminine plural
Indefinite Definite Construct
Informal عَنَاكِب‎; عَنَاكِيب‎; عَنْكَبُوتَات
ʕanākib‎; ʕanākīb‎; ʕankabūtāt 		الْعَنَاكِب‎; الْعَنَاكِيب‎; الْعَنْكَبُوتَات
al-ʕanākib‎; al-ʕanākīb‎; al-ʕankabūtāt 		عَنَاكِب‎; عَنَاكِيب‎; عَنْكَبُوتَات
ʕanākib‎; ʕanākīb‎; ʕankabūtāt
Nominative عَنَاكِبُ‎; عَنَاكِيبُ‎; عَنْكَبُوتَاتٌ
ʕanākibu‎; ʕanākību‎; ʕankabūtātun 		الْعَنَاكِبُ‎; الْعَنَاكِيبُ‎; الْعَنْكَبُوتَاتُ
al-ʕanākibu‎; al-ʕanākību‎; al-ʕankabūtātu 		عَنَاكِبُ‎; عَنَاكِيبُ‎; عَنْكَبُوتَاتُ
ʕanākibu‎; ʕanākību‎; ʕankabūtātu
Accusative عَنَاكِبَ‎; عَنَاكِيبَ‎; عَنْكَبُوتَاتٍ
ʕanākiba‎; ʕanākība‎; ʕankabūtātin 		الْعَنَاكِبَ‎; الْعَنَاكِيبَ‎; الْعَنْكَبُوتَاتِ
al-ʕanākiba‎; al-ʕanākība‎; al-ʕankabūtāti 		عَنَاكِبَ‎; عَنَاكِيبَ‎; عَنْكَبُوتَاتِ
ʕanākiba‎; ʕanākība‎; ʕankabūtāti
Genitive عَنَاكِبَ‎; عَنَاكِيبَ‎; عَنْكَبُوتَاتٍ
ʕanākiba‎; ʕanākība‎; ʕankabūtātin 		الْعَنَاكِبِ‎; الْعَنَاكِيبِ‎; الْعَنْكَبُوتَاتِ
al-ʕanākibi‎; al-ʕanākībi‎; al-ʕankabūtāti 		عَنَاكِبِ‎; عَنَاكِيبِ‎; عَنْكَبُوتَاتِ
ʕanākibi‎; ʕanākībi‎; ʕankabūtāti

Descendants

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References

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  • Jaussen, Antonin, Savignac, Antoine Raphaël (1909) Mission archéologique en Arabie, volume 1, Paris: Ernest Leroux, page 276
  • Jeffery, Arthur (1938) The Foreign Vocabulary of the Qurʾān (Gaekwad’s Oriental Series; 79), Baroda: Oriental Institute, pages 217–218
  • Van der Westhuizen, Jasper Petrus (1971) “Some Notes on the Term עַכָּבִישׁ”, in De Fructu Oris Sui. Essays in Honour of Adrianus van Selms (Pretoria Oriental Series; 9), Leiden: Brill, →DOI, →ISBN, pages 214–221

Further reading

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  • Dozy, Reinhart Pieter Anne (1881) “عنكبوت”, in Supplément aux dictionnaires arabes‎[1] (in French), volume 2, Leiden: E. J. Brill, pages 182–183
  • Freytag, Georg (1835) “عكب”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎[2] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 199
  • Freytag, Georg (1835) “عنكبوت”, in Lexicon arabico-latinum praesertim ex Djeuharii Firuzabadiique et aliorum Arabum operibus adhibitis Golii quoque et aliorum libris confectum‎[3] (in Latin), volume 3, Halle: C. A. Schwetschke, page 235
  • Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “عكب”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎[4] (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, pages 325–326
  • Kazimirski, Albin de Biberstein (1860) “عنكبوت”, in Dictionnaire arabe-français contenant toutes les racines de la langue arabe, leurs dérivés, tant dans l’idiome vulgaire que dans l’idiome littéral, ainsi que les dialectes d’Alger et de Maroc‎[5] (in French), volume 2, Paris: Maisonneuve et Cie, page 390
  • Lane, Edward William (1863) “عنكبوت”, in Arabic-English Lexicon‎[6], London: Williams & Norgate, page 2177
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “عكب”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎[7], London: W.H. Allen, page 715
  • Steingass, Francis Joseph (1884) “عنكبوت”, in The Student's Arabic–English Dictionary‎[8], London: W.H. Allen, page 732
  • Wahrmund, Adolf (1887) “عكب”, in Handwörterbuch der neu-arabischen und deutschen Sprache‎[9] (in German), volume 2, Gießen: J. Ricker’sche Buchhandlung, page 289
  • Wahrmund, Adolf (1887) “عنكبوت”, in Handwörterbuch der neu-arabischen und deutschen Sprache‎[10] (in German), volume 2, Gießen: J. Ricker’sche Buchhandlung, pages 316–317
  • Wehr, Hans with Kropfitsch, Lorenz (1985) “عنكبوت”, in Arabisches Wörterbuch für die Schriftsprache der Gegenwart‎[11] (in German), 5th edition, Wiesbaden: Otto Harrassowitz, published 2011, →ISBN, page 887

Ottoman Turkish

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Etymology

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Borrowed from Arabic عَنْكَبُوت (ʕankabūt, “spider”).

Noun

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عنكبوت • (ʿankebut) (plural عناكب)

  1. spider, any of various arthropods of the order Araneae
    Synonym: اورمجك (örümcek)

Derived terms

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Descendants

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Further reading

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South Levantine Arabic

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Etymology

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From Arabic عَنْكَبُوت (ʕankabūt).

Pronunciation

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  • IPA(key): /ʕan.ka.buːt/, [ʕan.kaˈbuːt]
  • Audio (Ramallah):(file)

Noun

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عنكبوت • (ʕankabūt) m (plural عناكب (ʕanākeb))

  1. spider
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